• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.1075-1081
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• 2004

In this paper, a VCO of a general advance warning system for vehicle's speed limitation in the X-band used in Japan is designed using a small signal scattering coefficient of PHEMT. A varactor diode that wide tuning range and series resistance 0 H is used for designing the VCO and -85 dBc/Hz of phase noise at 10 kHz of offset frequency is obtained by adjusting the reflection coefficient between the micro-strip line and the varactor device which determines transistor's operation voltage and resonant frequency, In addition +4.5 dBm of basic frequency signal output level and -25.6 dEc of the second harmonic constraint are acquired. Sample that produce in this paper could confirm that more excellent special quality appears than existing products in sensitivity.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2013

This paper presented a novel approach for the design of a tunable dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with independently tunable passband center frequencies and bandwidths. The newly proposed dual-band filter principally comprised two dual-mode single band filters using common input/output lines. Each single BPF was realized using a varactor-loaded transmission line resonator. To suppress the harmonics over a broad bandwidth, a defected ground structure was used at the input/output feeding lines. From the experimental results, it was found that the proposed filter exhibited the first passband center frequency tunable range from 1.48 to 1.8 GHz with a 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) variation from 5.76% to 8.55%, while the second passband center's frequency tunable range was 2.40 to 2.88 GHz with a 3-dB FBW variation from 8.28% to 12.42%. The measured results of the proposed filters showed a rejection level of 19 dB up to more than 10 times the highest center frequency of the first passband.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.688-693
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• 2009

In this paper, a half wave-length microstrip antenna was proposed to be able to continuously tune the resonant frequency in the stated area of UHF ISM band. By loading varactor diodes at both edges of the half wavelength antenna, where the electric field is the strongest, and varying the voltage in order to tune the electrical resonance length continuously, it is possible to automatically recover the resonant frequency and input impedance shifted by surrounding environment. When the microstrip antenna(center resonant frequency: 425 MHB) was tested, by adjusting the each voltages of varactor diodes from DC 0.6 to BC 3.0 volts, the resonant frequency under 20 dB return loss was varied 385 to 465 MHz. The peak gain was -0.2 dBd and return loss -10 dB bandwidth was 3.3 MHz(0.8 %).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.114-124
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• 2011

In this paper, we present a 2 GHz compact analog phase shifter with linear phase-tune characteristic. The compact phase shifter was designed base on a lumped all pass network and implemented using a ceramic substrate fabricated with thin-film technique. For a linear phase-tune characteristic, a capacitance of the varactor diode for a tuning voltage was linearized by connecting series capacitor and subsequently produced an almost linear capacitance change. The inductor and bias circuit in the all pass network was implemented using a spiral inductors for small size, which results in the size reduction to $4\;mm{\times}4\;mm$. In order to measure the phase shifter using the probe station, two CPW pads are included at the input and output. The fabricated phase shifter showed an insertion loss of about 4.2~4.7 dB at 2 GHz band and a total $79^{\circ}$ phase change for DC control voltage from 0 to 5 V, and showed linear phase-tune characteristic as expected in the design.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.11
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• pp.2127-2130
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• 2008

In this paper, a tunable bandpass filter with mutual inductive coupling circuits is newly designed and demonstrated for UHF TV tuner ranged from Ch.14(473MHz) to Ch.69(803MHz) applications. Conventional HF tuning circuit with an electromagnetic bandpass filter has several problems such as large size, high volume and high cost, since the electromagnetic filter is comprised of several passive components and air core inductors to be assembled and controlled manually. To address these obstacles, peaking chip inductor was newly applied for constructing the mutual inductive coupling circuit. The proposed circuit was newly and optimally designed, since the chip inductor showed lower components Q-value than the air core inductor. A varactor diode has been also used to fabricate the proposed tunable bandpass filter for RF tuning circuit. The fabricated tunable filter exhibited low insertion loss of approximately -3dB, high return loss of below -10dB, and large tuning bandwidth of 330MHz.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.1807-1813
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• 2007

This paper deals with extending the variable natural oscillation frequency range of an active integrated FET oscillator. In this paper, we conform experimentally that the variable range of the natural oscillation frequency is expanded about three times in the oscillator controlled by the varactor diode. When the frequency difference is given to the oscillators in the two element antenna system, phase difference appeared between the oscillators. The 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-element patch antenna arrays are composed for the beam scanning experiments. All the above patch antennas show good phased array characteristics. The range of the scanning angle is about $30^{\circ}$, and the radiation power is gradually increased from $50{\mu}W\;to\;200{\mu}W$. The radiation patterns we sharpened as the number of elements is increased.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.7
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• pp.121-126
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• 1996

In this paper an MMIC VCO which can be used in a double conversion TV tuner is designed, fabricated and measured. The VCO is designed using the small signal method and fabricated using ETRI GaAs MMIC foundry. The 3x200$\mu$m gate width MESFET with 1$\mu$m gate length is used for an active device and MIM capacitors, spiral inductors, thin film resitors are used as passive elements. The VCO has output power of 10.95dBm at 1955 MHz with 5V bias voltage and 4V tuning voltage. The oscillation frequency change form 1947 MHz to 1964 MHz is obtaine dby an external varactor diode connected to the gate with a tuning voltage from 0 V to 6V.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1304-1316
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• 1996

In this paper, A VCO(Voltage Controlled Oscillator) in use of clock recovery/data regeneration circuit for 10 Gbps fiber optic receivers was developed. The improved hair-pin resonator with a parallel coupled lines, which has been applied to microstrip filters, was used as a resonance part. As a frequcncy tuning device by substituting 3-terminalMESFET vaaractor for varactor diode, an MMIC manufacturing process will be simplified. Since a hair-pin resonator is planar type compared to the dielectric resonator and has a relatively flat reactance verus frequency, it will be favorable to apply a hair-pin resonator to an MMIC, in addition wideband frequency tuning range is able to be obtained.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.697-700
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• 1999

This Paper presents the design, fabrication, analysis of the measured date of a voltage controlled oscillator(VCO) for the application of Personal Communication Systems. Main VCO circuit consists of self biased emitter resonating circuit with microstrip line resonator on FR4 epoxy substrate. A varactor diode is used for 90MHz frequency tuning with center frequency of 1635MHz Phase noise of -114.67㏈C/Hz at 100KHz off set has been achieved with 3.3 V supply. The size of the fabricated VCO circuit is 1.25 cm$\times$ 1.25 cm.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.421-424
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• 2001

In this paper, We have designed and fabricated VCO in two way, the common source and common gate circuit for I local oscillator of 60 GHz wireless LAN system. The VCO employed a GaAs MESFET for negative resistance and a varactor diode for frequency tuning. The common gate VCO was measured the phase noise -112 dBc/Hz at the 1 MHz frequency offset. The output power and the second harmonic frequency suppression were 7.81 dBm and -29.3 dBc when tuning voltage was 3V, respectively. The total size of VCO was 28.6$\times$12.14 $\textrm{mm}^2$.