• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze and test the flow rate of a 1-inch ball valve used in a thermal power plant. To identify the flow-rate characteristics, numerical analysis was conducted and an experimental apparatus of the valve flow rate coefficient was used to compare the flow coefficient Cv values. To determine the internal pressure distribution, the sites of opening ball valves and flow fields were investigated. In particular, a smaller the valve opening resulted in a more complicated the flow field of the ball. The valve flow characteristic test showed that the Cv value and flow rate increased with increasing valve-opening rate and the secondary function was performed. The pressure drop increased as the valve opening rate decreased. In addition, the experimental results for the flow analysis are similar to the numerical analysis results.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2012

The objective of this study is to simulate flow coefficient and flow characteristics such as velocity and pressure distribution for butterfly valve. Butterfly valves used in this study are 65A, 80A and 100A, in size, and of which the opening angle is varied. The flow coefficient, Kv, increases as the disc opening and valve size are increase. When using flow coefficient meanwhile specific curve of flow rate is also determined. The flow velocity between disc and seat increase as the disc opening decrease. The re-circulating zone is also observed in downstream behind disc.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2002

버터플라이 밸브의 압력손실과 캐비테이션에 대한 유동특성 연구를 수행하였다. 밸브의 열림각에 대한 압력손실계수는 Carnot 방정식을 응용하여 수식화하였다. 캐비테이션(캐비테이션의 발단, 슈퍼 캐비테이션, 캐비테이션 손상, 초킹 캐비테이션과 같은)은 밸브의 압력손실계수로부터 예측되었다. 압력손실과 캐비테이션 예측은 밸브의 열림각에 대한 두께 비의 변화에 따라 수행하였다. 예측 데이터는 버터플라이 밸브를 개발하는데 필요한 엔지니어링 데이터로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.374-381
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• 2007

In order to verify the feasibility of expansion of back-fire limit equivalence ratio in the hydrogen-fueled engine with external mixture, the characteristics of performance and combustion are experimentally analyzed with change of intake/exhaust valve timings under the fixed valve overlap period of $0^{\circ}$ CA(non-valve overlap period). These characteristics are also tested for the change of exhaust valve closing timing while intake valve opening timing is fixed to clear the main cause of back-fire occurrence. As the results, the less valve overlap period center is retarded, the more back-fire limit equivalence ratio increases and back-fire does not occurred after TDC. In addition, it was shown that the control of back-fire is dependent on intake valve opening timing than valve overlap period.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

In this study, the effects of variation in cam phasing and valve lift of exhaust valves by using Cam-in-Cam system on combustion and emission characteristics for diesel engine were investigated under GT-POWER simulation environment. This paper showed analytic result of combustion characteristics and diesel exhaust valve's control with GT-Power 1-D detail model. As a result, it was found that volumetric efficiency and IMEP were decreased as the exhaust valve opening and closing timing is advanced due to its internal EGR effects. Also, it was found that NOx emission were decreased as EVC timing was retarded. These show that the retarding the exhaust valve closing and opening while keeping the duration at constant can be effective for controlling AFR and mixing rate in diffusion combustion of diesel engine.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate an analytical approach for opening performance evaluation of the nuclear pressure safety valve based on standard codes such as ASME or KEPIC. It is well-known that safety valve is considered as one of pressure relief valves for protecting a boiler or pressure vessel from exceeding the maximum allowable working pressure. When pressure in a container reaches its set pressure, the safety valve commences discharging the internal fluid by a sudden opening called as popping. Safety valve is usually evaluated by set pressure, full open, blow-down, leakage and flow capacity. The test procedure and technical requirement for performance evaluation is described in international code of ASME code such as BPVC. The opening characteristics of steam safety valve can be analyzed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and steam shaft dynamics. First, the flow analysis along opening process is simulated by running the CFD models of the ten types of opening steps from 0 to 100%. As a analysis result, the various CFD outputs of flow pattern, pressure, forces on the disc and mass flow at each simulation step is demonstrated. The lift force is calculated by using the forces applied on disc from static pressure and secondary flow. And, the effect of huddle chamber or control chamber is studied by dynamic analysis based on CFD simulation results such as lift force. As a result, dynamics analysis shows opening features according to the sizes of control chamber.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1993

An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of transient performance of carburettered gasoline engine under rapid accelerating transient driving conditions. In order to evaluate the characteristics of transient performance quantitatively, the concept of dead time $t_d$ response delay time $t_r$ are introduced. Performance parameters such as air mass fiowrate Gat, engine speed N, manifold boost pressure Pb, and output torque T are measured simultaneously during the rapid opening of the throttle valve by the stepping motor. During the rapid opening of the throttle valve, air mass fiowrate Gat is increased immediately without delay time, but response of engine revolution N, and output torque T are delayed. Therefore hesitation, and stumble phenomena are occurred. Dead time $t_d$ and response delay time $t_r$ of engine revolution N, which is extremely delayed comparing to other performance parameters, are respectively 0.2-0.3sec., 3.0-4.6sec., and dead time rate $t_d/{\Delta}t$ and response delay time rate $t_r/{\Delta}t$ are linearly increased with the throttle valve opening rate ${\theta}$ during the acceleration from 12 degree to 20 degree at 1250rpm.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.185-188
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• 2007

최근 디젤 차량의 NOx와 PM의 동시 저감을 위해 EGR 밸브와 EGR 쿨러로 구성된 modulated EGR 시스템이 디젤엔진에 장착되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 modulated EGR 시스템의 성능 평가를 위한 test bench를 설계, 제작한 후 2.0 L 디젤엔진용 전자식 EGR 밸브를 시험하였다. 또한 전자식 EGR 밸브의 성능을 밸브양정의 거동, 밸브 개폐시의 응답성, 밸브 통과 유량을 통하여 평가하였다. PWM 신호의 듀티율에 따른 밸브 양정의 거동은 비선형적이었으며, 밸브 개방과 폐쇄의 경로가 상이한 히스테리시스 현상을 나타냈다. 밸브 개방시 응답성은 통상의 기준을 만족하여 적절하였다. 끝으로 밸브 통과 유량은 듀티율 $40{\sim}60%$에서 듀티율과 밸브 전후의 차압에 의해 결정되나, 듀티율 60%이상에서는 차압에만 의존하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.989-997
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• 2017

액체로켓엔진용 연소기 산화제 개폐밸브로 사용되는 밸브 개방 자체유지가능형 포핏밸브의 밸브 개방 특성을 파악하기 위해 밸브 개방 과정에서의 과도 응답 특성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 수치해석을 위해 구동가스 공급시스템을 하나의 오리피스로 모델링하고 밸브 행정 위치 및 구동압력 조건에 따라 밸브 무빙파트의 운동방정식을 유도하였다. 상온 및 연소시험에서의 밸브 작동 시험결과와 계산 결과의 비교를 통해 계산 결과의 신뢰성을 검증하였으며, 본 연구의 실제적인 적용 예로써 높은 구동압력에서의 밸브 개방 속도 조절을 위한 오리피스 적용 사례를 소개하였다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2014

PFA fluoropolymer lined technology revolutionized ball valve development and design decades ago and continues to be pivotal for many products and valve solutions in diverse industries and applications, such as chemical process, semiconductor/LCD manufacturing processes, pharmaceutical and others. Because of the extreme operating conditions such as high-temperature (${\sim}120^{\circ}C$) and high-pressure (~10 bar), the reliability of the valve is very important for minimizing in-line leakage and fugitive emissions of strong corrosive chemicals (hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, etc.) transported through the lines. In this study, we investigated the flow characteristics with flow coefficient in a PFA lined ball valve for different opening degrees using CFD analyses. The results should be the guidance for a new PFA lined ball valve design that will incorporate all the acclaimed and demonstrated benefits of the current design approaches.