• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate bag purchase behaviors according to materialism value. The subjects were 443 male and female adult consumers in their 20s to 50s. The research method was a survey, and the questionnaire consisted of questions on materialism value, bag purchase behaviors, and demographic characteristics. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Cronbach's α, χ² test, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test were performed. The results of this study were as follows. First, materialism value was derived from three factors (happiness pursuit, possession-oriented, and success judgment). Second, subjects could be divided into three groups (happiness pursuit group, success judgment pursuit group, and immaterialism group) based on the materialism value variable. Third, the derived groups showed many differences in bag purchase behaviors. The happiness pursuit group considered all bag evaluation criteria factors (practicality, aesthetics, economy, symbolism) and bag purchasing information sources factors (mass media and personal sources) more than other groups, and showed a tendency to prefer select shops and complex shopping malls as bag purchasing places. In addition, the average annual cost and frequency of purchasing bags of this group were higher than those of other groups. The success judgment pursuit group considered symbolism as a bag evaluation criteria more than other groups, and considered personal sources as bag purchasing information sources more than mass media sources, and preferred luxury stores and department stores as bag purchasing places. On the other hand, the immaterialism group considered practicality and aesthetics as bag evaluation criteria and placed less importance on all information sources than other groups, and preferred Internet shopping malls as purchasing places. This group had the lowest average annual purchase cost and frequency among the three consumer groups. This study suggested that materialism value is a useful variable to segment male and female adult consumer markets effectively, and to understand the bag purchase behaviors of consumer groups divided by materialism value.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2023

가스계량기의 검침방식이 발전하면서 원격검침이 가능한 스마트 가스 계량기(누출점검용 계량기 및 다기능 안전 계량기)가 사용되고 있다. 이러한 계량기는 부가기능으로 수집하는 유량 및 압력 데이터를 활용하여 누출 판단을 하는 기능이 있다. 유량 데이터를 이용한 누출판단 기능은 실제 현장에서 유효한 사례가 있지만 압력 데이터 기반 누출 판단 기준은 누출로 인한 압력 값 변화뿐만 아니라 여러 요인(정압기 압력 크기, 인접 계량기 연계, 인접 주택 사용량, 계량기 위치 등)으로 압력 크기 변화(레벨)가 있는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트 가스계량기에서 수집되는 압력데이터를 활용하여 누출여부를 판단 할 수 있는 기법으로 압력 데이터 전처리 방법과 누출 여부 관련 압력 값 범위 기준, 누출판단 기법 및 적용 사례 검증을 통해 개발하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.285-304
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• 2021

Today, false news is increasing in volume, and fashion news often circulates uncritically. Therefore, an evaluation framework is needed to determine whether fashion news is accurate or good. In journalism, the judgment of good news is made through the criterion of news value factors. These factors are the criteria for assessing the likelihood of an event being reported in the news. Through the study of news value by various journalistic scholars, this study selected nine news value factors applicable to the value measurement of fashion news as the framework of analysis. Based on this, after analyzing the actual news on online fashion media, new characteristics and content were reconstructed for fashion news. As a result of the study, it was finally selected that the crucial factors were: expertise, social importance, timelessness, conflict, and negativity for measuring the value of fashion news. To assess the news value of fashion accurately, this study found that reconceptualized news values are needed, which are different from the news values of general journalism. The study is meaningful in that it explores elements and content for the development of a theoretical framework for the qualitative evaluation of fashion news.

• 연구윤리
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2020

Purpose: Focusing on Supreme Court precedents, we intend to establish criteria for judging research misconduct. Research design, data and methodology: In addition, I would like to propose the criteria for judging research misconduct by the KODISA, which applies the court's standards well in practice, and guidelines for preventing research misconduct. Research design, data and methodology: After classifying the case of research misconduct into six cases, the court's judgment and practical application will be reviewed. Results: First, research misconduct that has passed the disciplinary prescription can be punished. This is because the state of illegality continues to this day. Second, even if there were no punishment regulations at the time of research misconduct, it can be retroactively punished with the current punishment regulations. This is because research ethics is a universal and common standard and does not change. Third, if there is a fact that infringes on intellectual property rights, it is presumed unwritten intentions. Therefore, the act of taking and using the work of another person without permission or proper citation procedure, even if it is unintentional and for the public interest, is a research misconduct. Fourth, if there is an inappropriate citation notation, the intention of research misconduct is presumed. It is the judgment of the court that even if a quotation is marked, if it is incomplete, it is recognized as plagiarism. Fifth, if the author uses the work of another person without proper source indication, it is plagiarism even if the other person who owns the copyright agrees to it. The understanding or consent of some parties does not justify research misconduct in violation of public trust. Sixth, it is a research misconduct to create a new work without citations for one's previous work. In addition, even if there is a citation, if the subsequent writing is not original, it is a research misconduct. Conclusions: Academia should clarify the scope of research misconduct by referring to the Research Ethics Regulations of KODISA, and deal with research results that lack the value as creative works similar to those of research misconduct.

• 인지과학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.137-160
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• 2018

본 논문은 도덕 판단에서 나타나는 도덕-인습 구분에 관한 최근의 논쟁들을 개관하고 그 함의를 검토하고자 한다. 전통적인 도덕 판단에 대한 연구들은 규범 위반에 대한 판단에서 타인의 규범 위반 행위에 대한 평가와 함께 위반한 규범의 도덕-인습 차원에서의 분류를 함께 고려해왔다. Kohlberg와 Piaget의 인지 발달 이론을 발전시킨 Turiel(1983)은 도덕 원칙이 인습과 명확하게 구별된다고 보고 도덕-인습 구분의 기준을 제시하였다. 도덕은 보살핌과 정의의 영역에 특수하며, 보편성/객관성을 지닌다는 것이다. 이러한 관점은 전통적인 도덕 심리학에서 일반적으로 받아들여져 왔으나 최근 들어 지속적인 도전을 받아왔다. 본 논문에서는 도덕-인습 구분 기준에 대한 비판을 도덕 감정 이론(moral sentimentalism)과 도덕 지역주의(moral parochialism), 도덕 다원주의(moral pluralism)로 구분하여 살펴본다. 도덕 감정 이론은 도덕 판단에서 정서의 역할을 강조하며 도덕과 인습이 정서-비정서 차원의 연속선상에 혼재할 수 있다고 제안한다. 도덕 지역주의는 인류학과 비교문화 심리학의 연구 결과들을 바탕으로, 규범 위반 행위가 집단의 유지와 집단 내 개인의 존속에 의미가 있는 경우에만 규범 위반에 대한 부정적 평가와 처벌 의사가 강하게 형성될 수 있기 때문에 도덕 위반에 대한 판단도 인습에 대한 판단만큼이나 상대적일 수 있다고 주장한다. 도덕 다원주의에서는 문화와 개인차에 따라서 다양한 종류의 도덕적 직관이 존재할 수 있다는 점에서 보살핌과 정의의 차원만 도덕에 해당한다는 가정에 의문을 제기한다. 이러한 새로운 관점들은 기존의 합리주의적 도덕 발달 이론에서 가정하였던 도덕-인습의 구분이 사람들이 실제로 규범 위반을 판단하는 양상을 적절하게 반영하지 않을 수도 있음을 시사하며 체계적인 후속 연구의 필요성을 제안한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.9-23
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• 1987

Nursing service, as the largest user of labor resources, has become concerned about appropriate allocation of staffing resources. Therefore, this project was designed to measure quantitatively the direct nursing care provided to patients and to develop a new patient classification system based on the direct nursing care activities. The initial step in the development of the classification instrument was to identify the content of direct nursing activities. The frequency with which these activities were carried out, the total time spent in carrying them out and the average time for one performance of each of the nursing activities was calculated. The next step was to select the items for the classification instrument taking into account these direct nursing activities. A list of 40 items was prepared. These items were then classified into 8 major categories: personal hygiene, moving ＆ exercise, nutrition & elimination, observation, medication, treatment, collecting specimens and other care activities for severity ill patients. Each item was assigned a value unit based on the average time required by the nursing staff to complete the specific item. The third step was to determine the practicality of the items and value units, so an attempt was made to establish content validity for these items and units by obtaing a consensus from 8 head nurses, representing eight different departments. The 4th step was to conducted a pilot study to establish the score range for the classification boundaries. For this purpose an instrument was designed using the list of items and value units and a prepared classification criteria as a guideline to validate the patient classification. A judgment group consisting of 52 supervisory nurses and head nurses were asked to select the proper patient to fit each classification criteria and to fill out the instrument for each patient. The total value unit and the frequency for each classification group was calculated. According to the frequency distribution, the score range for the classification group was determined as follows : 0~15 for groupI, 16~30 for group II, 31~50 for group III, and above 51 for group IV. Finally a patient classification form was developed.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

본 논문은 사장교에서 모니터링 시스템을 통해 획득한 가속도 자료를 이용하여 케이블 관리기준 장력을 결정하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 현재 한국의 많은 장대교량에 모니터링 시스템이 설치되어 있다. 모니터링 시스템은 교량의 이상현상이나 손상을 진단하고 관리주체에 경고하기 위해 설치된다. 사장교에 있어서는 그 기하학적인 형상 때문에 케이블 장력이 교량 이상징후의 중요한 지시가 될 수 있다. 만약 케이블 장력관리치가 너무 높거나 또는 너무 낮게 설정되면, 모니터링 시스템은 교량의 이상징후를 적절하게 경고하지 못할 것이다. 일반적으로, 관리치는 경험이나 공학적 판단에 의해 결정된다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 케이블 장력에 대한 확률분포모형과 신뢰성 해석에 기초한 새로운 케이블 장력관리치 설정에 대한 방법을 제시한다. 제안된 방법은 적용성 검토를 위하여 실제 콘크리트 사장교에 적용되었다.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2020

A systematic educational program evaluation system for continuous quality improvement in undergraduate medical education is essential. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are two distinct but complementary processes referred to in an evaluation system that emphasizes formative purpose. Monitoring involves regular data collection for tracking process and results, while evaluation requires periodic judgment for improvement. We have recently completed implementing an educational evaluation using the M&E concept in a medical school. The evaluation system consists of two loops, one at the lesson/course level and the other at the phase/graduation level. We conducted evaluation activities in four stages: planning, monitoring, evaluation, and improvement. In the planning phase, we clarified the purpose of evaluation, formulated a plan to engage stakeholders, determined evaluation criteria and indicators, and developed an evaluation plan. Next, during the monitoring phase, we developed evaluation instruments and methods and then collected data. In the evaluation phase, we analyzed results and evaluated the criteria of the two loops. Finally, we reviewed the evaluation results with stakeholders to make improvements. We have recognized several problems including excessive burden, lack of expertise, insufficient consideration of stakeholders' evaluation questions, and inefficient data collection. We need to share the value of evaluation and build a system gradually.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.597-608
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• 2011

공동주택의 건설 분쟁(Claim)발생 시 지속적으로 발생하는 하자의 보수비용 산정 방안에 대한 객관적 기준이 없어 건설전문가들도 각자의 경험과 성향에 따라 다양하게 판단하게 되므로 문제점을 발생 시키고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이에 대한 분석을 통하여 보수비용 산정기준과 방안을 제시한 후 건축물 하자관련 담당자들에게 합리적인 하자 판단기준을 제안 하고자 한다. 연구결과, 실적공사비를 우선 적용하며 실적공사비에 없는 항목은 표준품셈을 활용하여 산정한다. 지속형 하자 유형인 법규위반 하자의 보수비용 산정은 위반 건물부위만 철거하여 재시공하는 비용을 산정하고, 진행성(확대)하자는 건물 준공의 경과연수에 비례하여 기여율로 산정하며, 반복성 하자는 하자를 최소화시키는 방법의 설비공법을 대안으로 강구하여 산정하고, 가치감소 하자는 내용연수대비 하자보증기간의 비율로 산정하는 방법을 제안하였다. 이중 가치감소하자 보수비용의 산정은 향후 보다 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제2호
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• pp.169-190
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• 2004

The purpose of this article is to delve into the problems of originality of the artwork by examining issues of reproduction within the contemporary art market. In contemporary arts, especially in terms of art production and consumption, we can't overlook society and its economic structure and its connection with of capitalism. As the purity of art creation has turned into an exchange value, art, especially an object as artwork, has fallen into the status of production in an economic marketing system. Walter Benjamin mainly referred to that point in his thesis Das Kunstwerk im Zeitalter seiner technischen Reproduzierbarkeit, which originated the sociology of plastic arts. This thesis, published in 1936, traced how the artistic functions of photograph and movie had been changed through the social development. His main concerns were movie and photograph but what I am concentrating from his point of view, is that even in the field of plastic arts, the manufacture of reproduction has been practiced as a primary method within the social and political contexts and development. Though I am referring to this in the main body of this article, reproduction in contemporary art strongly needs a new definition since it has been spread all over like a newest virus, not only by collector's personal taste or hut also by commercial circulations of these reproductions to the public. This relates to Benjamin's argument about the value of an exhibition at a museum(Ausstellungswert). Since the function of an artwork has been one of cultural industry, the manufacturing of reproduction raises unexpected problems, such as, the originality of the artwork, the value of an exhibition at a museum, its achievement as documentary and as a territory of art criticism. In this point of view, I want to inquire into the value and criteria of an exhibition in contemporary art through the review of the definitions and the intrinsic attributes of reproduction. Somehow in a broad sense, the reproduction is a product coming out of representation or copy (replica) of an original art work or an model. Therefore, the problems it presents differ from the Simulacre, which is an image without an original one. In terms of the Meanings of reproduction, we can distinguish it as reproductions, copies, and productions. These types of reproductions are not the original artworks reflected by the creative intention of the artists. For example, a publishing company reproduced some of lithographs of Salvador Dali in the 1960s. They are commercial copies in the form of representation or reproduction with no artistic and creative intention of the artist. However, In despite of this theoretical basis, reproductions of the famous artists are still displayed without any verification for of the public's quest for the artworks. Moreover, many commercial companies that are planning to exhibit art works of the world-famous artists only for their profits keep trying to speak ill of and judging by the law the honest art critics' articles which discuss the true values of exhibition. If freedom of expression is one of the ideals of democracy, even the judgment of the originality of the artworks should be freely expressed.