• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.120-130
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• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to identify the clinical usefulness, validity, and reliability of the Spirokit, a device that combines the pulmonary function test (PFT) and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) test. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty young adults (male: 23, female: 17) participated in a PFT and a RMS test. The concurrent validity for pulmonary function was assessed by comparing data obtained from MicroQuark and the Spirokit and the agreements between the MicroRPM and the Spirokit for RMS were compared. The test-retest reliability of the Spirokit was determined by comparing data obtained from the first and second sessions. The test and retest were performed at the same time after one day for the PFT and RMS test. Validity was estimated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and by calculating 95% limits of agreement (LoA). To estimate interrater reliability, ICCs were calculated. Results: The Spirokit showed a high agreement intra class coefficient (ICC [2, 1]): 0.978-0.999, 95% limits of agreements (95% LOA): -0.798 to 0.847 with MicroQuark. It also showed a high level of concordance ICC (2, 1): 0.992 to 0.993, 95% LOA: -9.313 to 11.169 with MicroRPM. The test-retest reliability of the Spirokit was analyzed using ICC (2, 1), and showed a high level of reliability (ICC [2,1]=0.960 to 0.998). Standard error of measurement % (SEM%) was 0.12% to 3.39%, and minimum detectable change% (MDC%) was 0.02% to 3.79%, indicating high level of reliability. Conclusions: The Spirokit is a device with high validity and reliability that can be used to simultaneously measure PFT and RMS tests.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.191-210
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• 2004

The scores of TOEFL, TOEIC and TEPS have been increasingly used for many purposes in Korea In particular, these test scores are being used as a measure of the test-takers' overall communicative competence. Nonetheless, few studies have been conducted that investigate the validity of the test scores used for this purpose. As a preliminary step to explore the validity of the test scores, we conducted a small scale study by comparing 30 university students' scores in TOEFL, TOElC and TEPS with their class performances in English conversation and composition courses. The correlations between the test scores and the grade point averages of the courses show that the test scores are much harder to use as a valid measure of test-takers' overall communicative competence than usually thought to be and that the score in TOEFL is, nonetheless, a more reliable measure than the ones in the other tests. Although tins study has a few limitations such as the small number of participants, the homogeneity of the sample as a group, etc, it provides some insight into the use of the three tests for measurement of overall communicative proficiency and suggests need for conducting further validation studies in these areas.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.611-620
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (K-WLEIS). Methods: Data were collected from 360 nursing students using a self reported questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test construct validity. Convergence validity was identified by correlation with communication competency. Item convergent and discriminant validity were also analyzed. Reliability was evaluated internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the eigen values ranged from 1.34 to 5.86 and 73.2% of the total explained variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed adequate model fit indices (χ²/df 1.89, RMSEA .07, GFI .89, CFI .95, and TLI .93) and standardized factor loadings (.48 to .87). The average extracted variances (.71 to .79) and composite reliability (.80 to .87) validated convergence and discriminant validity of the items. Test-retest reliability of intra-class correlation coefficient was .90 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .88. Conclusion: The K-WLEIS is an appropriate scale for measuring the emotional intelligence of Korean nursing students. Therefore, it is expected that the K-WLEIS will be used for nursing education programs to improve nursing students' emotional intelligence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis (WOMAC) index has been used to measure the outcome of total knee replacement (TKR), but studies on its reliability and validity are limited. The present study examined the reliability and validity of this index for patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKR. METHODS: Seventy-one inpatients and outpatients who underwent bilateral TKR for knee osteoarthritis were included in this study. The pain assessment scale and WOMAC index were used to evaluate the participants every two weeks to examine the test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity. RESULTS: The test-retest reliability scores for pain, stiffness, and physical function were .75-.92, .85-.90, and .75-.95, respectively. The corresponding intraclass correlation coefficients were .75-.88, .76-.88, and .71-.95, respectively. The internal consistency score in the first and second examinations was .92. Furthermore, the construct validity scores for pain, stiffness, and physical function were .83, .41, and .58, respectively. CONCLUSION: The application of the WOMAC index in patients who underwent TKR showed high test-retest reliability and internal consistency with the use of the WOMAC index and good validity with the use of the pain assessment scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.219-229
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• 2009

Around two years have passed since the beginning of aptitude test required by 2006 Rail Safety Act. At this point, it is necessary to evaluate the validity of the aptitude test. Through this study, the structural system for all the tests would be overviewed, which will show the correlation among each tests or its importance. Also, although it is rough, reliability and validity of the tests would be overviewed by their retest and education materials. This would contribute, in the future, to setting up for the standard of upgrading or integrating the tests.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4612-4618
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and validity of CDT as a screening tool for cognitive impairment for stroke clients living in local community. Two evaluator assessed 51 clients' cognitive function using CDT and K-MMSE from October 2010 to August 2011 year. The researcher analyzed test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, construct validity, construct validity. The test-retest and interrater reliability was higher than .54(p<.01). The construct validity and concurrent validity was statistically significant(p<.01). So, The CDT using productive method and scoring system of Freedman et al., may be applied to screen cognitive impairment of clients with stroke.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to verify the validity and reliability for the Test of Oral Reading and Comprehension Skill (Gardner, 2000) for Korean lower level elementary school children. Subjects were 122 first to third grade students, tested individually. The vocabulary and comprehension sub-tests of K-WISC III and the reading comprehension test of Basic Academic Skills Assessment (Kim, 2000) were used to verify concurrent validity. Internal reliability was determined by internal consistency coefficients. Results verified concurrent validity. Test scores differed significantly by grade level. Test reliability was also confirmed. In conclusion, the Oral Reading and Comprehension Skill Test (Gardner, 2000) is reliable and valid for examination of reading comprehension skills for Korean lower level elementary school children.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.454-463
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare concurrent validity and test-retest reliability based on Craniovertebral angle of 'Angles video goniometer', a smart phone application for convenient range of motion measurement, and 'Image J', an analysis software with high reliability and validity. This was conducted to find out whether 'Angle video goniometer' can be used clinically. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Fifty subjects were imaged laterally, and the angle of the head and spine was measured using Image J and the Angles video goniometer, respectively, in a resting posture and a chin in posture. The level of concurrent validity between the two measurement methods and the level of inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability were analyzed. Results: For forty participants, the concurrent validity between Image J and Angles video goniometer showed very high validity with ICC of 0.997(0.995~0.999) and 0.994(0.994~0.998), CVME% 0.71~0.72%, SEM% 0.31~0.34, MDC% 0.86~0.94. The test-retest intra-rater reliability showed very high reliability ICC 0.994(0.991~0.996), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.31~0.43, MDC% 0.86~1.19%. The test-retest inter-rater showed very high reliability ICC 0.995(0.992~0.997), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.43~0.59%, MDC% 1.20~1.62% Conclusions: Angles video goniometer', a smartphone application, is a device with very high reliability and validity for craniovertebral angle measurement in healthy adults, and it is a device that can be easily used in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.62-79
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• 2009

In the present study I developed the test for earth scientific creativity level and verified means to measure scientific creativity. I developed 22 test items and after being examined by science education specialist, 11 items were finally established, and these were applied to 104 middle students. Each answer paper was graded according to the standard answer that I developed and the results of analysis are as follows. First, to verify the validity of measuring means I figured out content validity. The content validity about test items and adequacy of evaluation goal was examined by 1 science education specialist and 3 middle school science teachers, 6 education graduate students. As a result of validity verification, the content validity was 82.7% and it showed that the test of earth scientific creativity was valid for evaluation goal and sub-factors of creativity. Second, to verify reliability of measuring means, I analyzed internal consistency of the test sheet of earth scientific creativity after finding correlation coefficient and Cronbach's $\alpha$. Cronbach's $\alpha$, the internal reliability coefficient, was 0.848. Therefore, it was verified that this test sheet of earth scientific creativity is reliable to measure the creativity of the middle school students. The correlation between sub-factors of creativity was statistically significant, and for the relation between the variables related to creativity, the originality was the most significant. This shows that in the procedure of scientific creativity and studying science, originality should be the most important factor.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.264-273
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and the concurrent validity between tinetti mobility test (TMT), berg balance scale (BBS) and space balance 3D which is one of the computerized measurement and visual feedback balance assessment system in subacute stroke patients. Twenty three ambulatory acute stroke subjects were measured the TMT, BBS and space balance 3D. The test-retest reliability(intra-class correlation coefficient: ICC) indicated that the static and dynamic balance in space balance 3D considered moderate reliability and TMT, BBS were good reliability. In case of concurrent validity, there were moderate validity (p<.01) between static balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. But there were only poor validity (p<.05) between center to forward-left, center to backward-left phase in dynamic balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. These findings suggest that in subacute stroke patients the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity using the space balance 3D and TMT were valuable in balance test but there was limitation to evaluate dynamic balance test.