• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.17-41
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• 2016

Subjects : A literature research on the constitution and medicinal effect & adaptation diseases of "Bullsusan". "Bullsusan" is a herbal prescription composed of Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸) and Cnidii Rhizoma(川芎). Objectives : Through the researching on the records of "Bullsusan" in Korean Traditional Medical Books, gain the literature evidence for adaptation to these days child labor as a pre-labor keeping herbal medicine. And have detailed consideration on the constitution of prescription and medicinal effect & adaptation diseases of "Bullsusan". Methods : First, researched the records of "Bullsusan" in Korean Traditional Medical Books which were included at A Series of Korean Medicine(韓國醫學大系) and analysed component ratio, nickname, herbal manufacture and drug processing method, medicinal effect and adaptation diseases. Second, referred related Korean and Chinese researches that examined the medicinal effect and adaptation diseases of "Bullsusan" by scientific experimentation. Conclusions : We found total 46 records of "Bullsusan" from 20 kinds of Korean Traditional Medical Books included at A Series of Korean Medicine. Prescription component ratio of Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma were 3:2, 1:1, 2:1, 1:1. 3:2 had most 20 records and 1:1 had second 14 records. Especially 1:1 had a tendency of having nickname "Goonguitang", but not must had. First herbal manufacture was powder, it had 8 records. First drug processing method was decocting with water and alcohol, had 19 records. Medical Effects of "Bullsusan" can be induced to next 8, that were "remove get bad blood, give birth new blood", "easy labor by reducing fetal volume", "acceleration of labor", "test of fetal survival, elimination of dead embryo", "elimination of placenta", "revive", "allaying pain", "nourish the blood". From these medical effects, 9 adaptation diseases can be induced. That were "threatened abortion", "womb ache and vaginal bleeding by spontaneous abortion", "pre-labor keeping(prevention of hard labor)", "acceleration of labor", "hard labor", "missed abortion", "postnatal vaginal bleeding, dizziness, asthma, headache, womb ache", "postnatal mastoptosis and mastodynia", "first aid symptom like as dizziness, unconsciousness, stroke caused by excessive bleeding". The medical effect of "acceleration of labor" and "elimination of placenta" have been examined by modern clinical research. The effect of "remove get bad blood, give birth new blood", "allaying pain" and "nourish the blood" have been examined by modern experimental study. But overdosing on "Bullsusan" to pregnant mouse can cause natural abortion, so the proper dose of "Bullsusan" in pregnant period is very important.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2012

Heterotopic pregnancy is rare event and the risk is increased with assisted reproductive technology procedures. Heterotopic cervical pregnancy is even more unusual. We report a rare case of heterotopic cervical pregnancy that was managed successfully. A 36-year-old women who conceived by IVF-ICSI was diagnosed with heterotopic cervical pregnancy. She visited the emergency room with vaginal bleeding at 5 weeks of gestation and underwent careful intracervical gestational sac reduction with forceps under abdominal guidance the next day. The postoperative course was uneventful and with regular check-ups, the intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) progressed unremarkably through 41 weeks with delivery of a healthy newborn. We reviewed a total of 37 cases of heterotopic pregnancy that have been reported in the English language literature. There have been many attempts to eliminate the cervical embryo while preserving the IUP, and complete cervical evacuation is important in order to avoid infection, bleeding, and premature birth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.3
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• pp.693-699
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• 2021

The inferior mesenteric artery is a rare source of postpartum hemorrhage. We report two cases of primary postpartum hemorrhage that originated from the inferior mesenteric artery after vaginal delivery. Both patients showed signs of hypovolemic shock, and disseminated intravascular coagulation was suspected. The bleeding continued even after embolization of the uterine artery, a typical source of postpartum hemorrhage. Inferior mesenteric arteriography confirmed contrast extravasation from the superior rectal artery, and selective embolization was performed using N-butyl cyanoacrylate. This report highlights that the inferior mesenteric artery can be a source of bleeding in patients with intractable and persistent postpartum hemorrhage due to birth canal injury.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.3
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• pp.606-614
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• 2023

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for bleeding due to uterine body cancer. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, six patients with varying types of uterine body cancer who underwent TAE for bleeding control were investigated. Angiographic findings, cross-sectional images, TAE details, and clinical outcomes were studied. Technical and clinical success rates were calculated. Results The identified patients had endometrioid adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, and most were patients with advanced-stage cancer. In four patients, tumor bleeding presented as vaginal bleeding. Technical success was achieved in all seven TAE procedures in six patients. Two patients with recurrent masses who had undergone hysterectomy presented with hematochezia, and TAE was able to provide technical success in these patients as well. The clinical success rate was 50%, indicating bleeding control for > 1 week. Rebleeding was directly associated with death in one patient. On the following day, mild fever was observed in one patient. Conclusion TAE can be considered an effective and safe method of bleeding control for uterine body cancer, especially during critical periods throughout the disease course of patients with inoperable, advanced-stage cancer.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.225-233
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• 2000

The aim in this study was to obtain the basic data for estimation of optimal mating time and ovulation time by finding out the relationship between vaginal cytology and reproductive hormone profiles during the estrous cycle in 36 Korea Jin-do bitches. A characteristic features of vaginal cytology during the estorous cycle were the high proportion of superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in proestrus, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythroucyte in estrus, parabasal cell, small and large intermediate cell and leukocytes in diestrus, and parabasal cell and small intermediate cell in anestrus, respectively. Cornification index(CI) was the high proportion in proestrus and estrus, then it was decreaed in diestrus and anestrus. It indicated that the CI was significantly high proportion in proestrus and estrus in comparison with the other phases. Plasma progesterone concentration was below 1.0ng/ml at the first day of vulval bleeding in pregnant and non-pregnat bitches, and then it was increaed slowly. When Day 0 was timed from the day that plasma progesterone concentration was first increased above 4.0ng/ml, plasma progesterone concentrations at Day 0 in pregnant and non-pregnant above 4.0 ng/ml, plasma progesterone concentrations at Day 0 in pregnant and non-pregnant bitches were $5.2{\pm}0.3ng/ml and 5.7{\pm}0.5ng/ml$$46.5{\pm}3.3 ng/ml$ in pregnant bitches and at Day 20 with $39.8{\pm}0.1ng/ml$ in nonpregnant bitches. It indicated that plasma progesterone concentration was higher in pregnant bitches than in non-pregnant bitches. Hereafter plasma progesterone concentration was decreased steadily. At Day 63 which is parturition day, plasma progesterone concentration was decreased below 1.0ng/ml with $0.8{\pm}0.2ng/ml$ in pregnant bitches whereas in the non-pregnant bitches at Day 75 were decreased below 1.0ng/ml with 40.5{\pm}0.4ng/ml$. Plasma progesterone concentrations was maintained below 1.0ng/ml during anestrus in all of them. The plasma estradiol-17 $\beta$ concentration was increased above 1.0 pg/ml at the first day of vulval bleeding and it showed a peak Day-1 with 38.2 pg/ml. Thereafter it was sharply decreased after Day 0, which was the day that plasma progesterone concentration was first increase above 4.0ng/ml, and was maintained below basal levels. In relationship between CI and reproductive hormones, plasma estradiol-17 $\beta$concentration showed a peak at Day-3 and CI showed a peak at Day-1 which was the second day after plasma estradiol-17 $\beta$ peak, and plasma progesterone concentration was first increased above 4.0ng/ml at Day 0 which was the first day after CI peak. CI was first increased above 80% at Day-6 which was the third day before plasma estradio-17 $\beta$ peak and it was maintained above 80% between Days-6 and Day 3 during 10 days, and showed above 90% at Day-3 which was the day that plasma estradiol-17 $\beta$peak and was maintained above 90% between Day-3 and Day 3 during 7 days. In conclusion, ovulation in Koran Jin-do bitches occurred at the first day after CI peak, at the third day after plasma estradiol-17 $\beta$peak and the day when plasma progesterone concentration was first increased above 4.0 ng/ml. And it was estimated that the optimal mating time was the day when the CI was maintained above 90% and plasma progesterone concentration was between 3.0~8.0ng/ml. Therefore plasma progesterone concentration measurement was used for determination of an accurate ovulation time and the optimal mating time but also vaginal cytology, which is low-priced with equipment and is the simple examination method, was reliable method for estimating estrous cycle, optimal breeding time and ovulation time in Korea Jin-do bitches.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.914-917
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• 2008

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is exceedingly rare, accounting for 0.3 percent of female genital tract cancer. It is usually unilateral, but 20 percent of cases are bilateral. It occurs most commonly in women between 40 and 60 years old. Approximately 50 percent of the patients are nulliparous. Because of variable presenting symptoms and rarely incidence, preoperative diagnosis of fallopian tube carcinoma is seldom made. Evaluation and treatment are also essentially the same at that of ovarian carcinoma. We experienced a case of bilateral primary fallopian tube carcinoma in women presented with vaginal bleeding and pelvic mass, postoperatively pathologic examination of resected specimen after laparatomy and reported with brief review of literature.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.sup1
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• pp.110-112
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• 2008

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies and which is predominant in postmenopausal women. Clinically many patients are hospitalized in early stage due to clinical sign and symptom such as vaginal bleeding and in this case, patient's prognosis is known to be good. However, considerable number of patients with advanced and relapsed disease reveal poor prognosis. Therefore, exact staging work up is essential for proper treatment as is primary lesion detection. $^{18}F-FDG-PET$ has been widely used for the evaluation of gynecologic malignancies such as cervical carcinoma and ovarian cancer. In contrast, FDG PET application to endometrial carcinoma is limited until now and there is no sufficient data to validate the usefulness of FDG PET for this disease yet. However, several studies showed promising results that FDG PET is sensitive and specific in detection of recurrent or metastatic lesions. Therefore further active investigation in this field can facilitate the use of FDG PET for endometrial carcinoma.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.235-239
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• 2007

Flour genitalis(대하) apply to secretions of vaginal canal exept bleeding. Fluor genitalis is met with everywhere at gynecology disease and is frequently broken out at least one third of women. The greater parts of flour genitalis are not critically ill. The greater parts of flour genitalis are continuous with simple infections of cervix, vagina and uterine tube. Nowadays women increase Bihuh formed flour genitalis(비허형 대하), of which the reasons are stress by vigorous social activity, malnutrition due to harsh diet. so this study has determined that WandaeTang(완대탕) would be effective for recente women flour genitalise which is Bihuh formed flour genitalis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.165-183
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• 2005

Purpose : This study is to identify the aftermath of hysterectomy in the treatment of a uterine disease. Methods : We collected treatises on the aftermath of hysterectomy and analyzed those. Those treatise had relation to change in ano-rectal function, ovarian function, change of serum sex hormone levels, bone mineral density, quality of life and so on. Results : After the treatises on the aftermath of hysterectomy, common symptoms after hysterectomy were general weakness, loss of taste, sweating, abdominal pain, dysuria, vaginal bleeding, weight loss, emptyness on lower abdomen and pains on operation. Conclusion : The result of this study suggest the aftermath of hysterectomy in the treatment of a uterine disease. In conclusion, our result support the importance of earlier prediction and a proper management plan to improve the quality of life in women.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was designed to investigate about symptoms named 'San(疝)', because almost no paper associated with San in Korea since the 1990s. Methods : Watch an overview of San with the Tonguibogam based. Results : In the Tonguibogam. according to the Zhang Ja-wha's classification. symptoms named 'San(疝)' are classified into seven kinds. As discussed in the Nephrology of Oriental Medicine, part of the Andrology, symptoms named 'San(疝)' are classified into three kinds. (1) San associated with reproductive organs. (2) San associated with pain (3) San associated with protrusion. The symptoms of San usually appears in the external genitalia and lower abdomen in both sexes can. The symptoms are called 'San(疝)' to the male and 'Ga' to the female. In the modern Obstetrics and Gynecology of Oriental Medicine. women's 'San' involves both 'San(疝)' and 'Ga'. San includes genital protrusion, but not includes vaginal hemia. It also includes genital edema, genital pruritus, genital herpes and bleeding after vaginal sex. San can be raised by many causes. The causes are damages by Coldness(傷寒), Damp-heat(濕熱), Serious distress(思慮過度) and Excessive sexual activity(房勞過多). The treatment for this symptoms is elimination of Dameum(痰飮). Jeokchwi(積聚) and Blood stasis(瘀血). Conclusion : The symptoms of San usually appears in the external genitalia and lower abdomen in both sexes can. The symptoms are called 'San(疝)' to the male and 'Ga' to the female.