• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 1998.02a
• /
• pp.103-104
• /
• 1998

GaN is a ppromising materials fot applications in the blue/ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LEDs)[1] and laser diodes (LDs) [2] High quality ohmic contacts are very critical to these applications since the qualities of ohmic contact system pplay an impportant roles in the high efficient device opperations. For the n-GaN there have been many repports about ohmic contacts and the sppecific contact resistance were as low as from 10-8$\Omega$cm2 However for the ohmic contacts on pp-GaN much fewer study were repported and the sppecific contact resistivity was much lower than of n-GaN. In this ppapper we repport a new Ni/ppt/Au metallization scheme and discuss the mechanism of ohmic formation

• Vacuum Magazine
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2015

Nonthermal bio-compatible plasma (bioplasma) sources and their characteristics operating at atmospheric pressure could be used for biological cell interactions, especially for plasma bioscience and medicines. The electron temperatures and plasma densities of this bioplasma are measured to be 0.7 ~ 1.8 eV and $(3-5){\times}10^{14-15}cm^{-3}$, respectively. Herein, we introduced general schematic view of the plasma-initiated ultraviolet photolysis of water inside the biological solutions or living tissue for the essential generation mechanism of the reactive hydroxyl radical [OH] and hydrogen peroxide [$H_2O_2$], which may result in apoptotic cell death in plasma bioscience and medicines. Further, we surveyed the various nonthermal bioplasma sources including plasma jet, micro-DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) and nanosecond discharged plasma. The diseased biological protein, cancer, and mutated cells could be treated by these bioplasma sources or bioplasma activated water to result in their apoptosis for new paradigm of plasma bioscience and medicines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2010.08a
• /
• pp.90-90
• /
• 2010

We investigated the modification of optical response properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings on the ceramic water-purification filters by using ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The TiO2 coatings were prepared on ceramic substrate by e-beam evaporation method. These amorphous TiO2 were turned into anatase phase by heat treatment at $700^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. The doping of N atoms into the TiO2 coatings was done by using 70KeV of N＋ ion implantation with the dose of $1.0{\times}1017$ ions/cm2, followed by post-irradiation heat treatment at $550^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Methylene blue test of TiO2 coatings to solar irradiation showed that the post-evaporation heated TiO2 was photocatalytic and N-doped TiO2 reacted to the visible part of solar irradiation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2008.02a
• /
• pp.220-220
• /
• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2012.02a
• /
• pp.418-418
• /
• 2012

We fabricated a new type of hybrid film using molecular layer deposition (MLD). The MLD is a gas phase process analogous to atomic layer deposition (ALD) and also relies on a saturated surface reaction sequentially which results in the formation of a monolayer in each sequence. In the MLD process, polydiacetylene (PDA) layers were grown by repeated sequential surface reactions of titanium tetrachloride and 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol with ultraviolet (UV) polymerization under a substrate temperature of $100^{\circ}C$. Ellipsometry analysis showed a self-limiting surface reaction process and linear growth of the hybrid films. Polymerization of the hybrid films was confirmed by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Composition of the films was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopy. The titanium oxide cross-linked polydiacetylene (TiOPDA) hybrid films exhibited good thermal and mechanical stabilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.02a
• /
• pp.343-343
• /
• 2011

ZnO has been introduced as one of the good candidates for next generation opto-electronics. Recently, ZnO is known to be suitable for the transparent electrode in organic solar cells and light emitting devices. The contact with n-type organic material has been studied due to the n-type properties of ZnO. However, the surface of ZnO has shown different electronic property with respect to its surface orientation. Therefore, it is presumed that there are differences in the interfacial electronic structures between organic materials and ZnO with different orientation. Therefore, it is required to classify the interfacial electronic structures according to the surface orientation of ZnO. In this study, we measured the interfacial electronic structures between the ZnO substrate having various orientations and a typical n-type organic material, tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3). In-situ x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed the interfacial electronic structures. We found the changes in the electronic structures with respect to the orientation of ZnO substrate and it could be used to improve the contact between ZnO and Alq3.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2011.08a
• /
• pp.72-72
• /
• 2011

Surface science is intrinsically related to the performance of solar cells. In solar cells the generation and collection of charge carriers determines their efficiency. Effective transport of charge carriers across interfaces and minimization of their recombination at surfaces and interfaces is of utmost importance. Thus, the chemistry at the surfaces and interfaces of these devices must be determined, and related to their performance. In this talk we will discuss the role of two important interfaces, First, the role of surface passivation is very important in limiting the rate of carrier of recombination. Here we will combine x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the surface of a Si device with electrical measurements to ascertain what factors determine the quality of a solar cell passivation. In addition, the quality of the heterojunction interface in a ZnSe/CdTe solar cell affects the output voltage of this device. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy gives some insight into the composition of the interface, while ultraviolet photoemission yields the relative energy of the two materials' valence bands at the junction, which controls the open circuit voltage of the solar cell. The relative energies of ZnSe and CdTe at the interface is directly affected by the material quality of the interface through processing.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
• /
• v.48 no.9
• /
• pp.634-640
• /
• 1999

Resonance radiation trapping has a great influence on the characteristics of vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) photon emissions in AC PDP cell. We calculate the spatial andspectral distributions of VUV photons, which are radiated by excited Xe in AC PDP cell by Monte Carlo method. Especially a dip in the spectrum at center frequency is discovered both in simulation and in experiment. We give a physical explanation of this phenomenon by the concept of frequency-dependent mean free path of VUV photons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.02a
• /
• pp.518-518
• /
• 2013

자외선이 생체를 파괴하거나 탄생시킬 수 있는 중요한 요소라는 것은 잘 알려져있다. 이 때문에 생체 시료를 보통 자외선 파장대인 250~350 nm보다 짧은 10 nm 영역에 있는 극자외선에 노출되었을 때 그 상호작용 및 변화를 찾아서 분석하는 것을 목표로 삼는다. 먼저 이에 대한 기초내용으로, 앞으로 활용하게 될 플라즈마 집속장치에서의 전극형태에 따른 EUV 광원의 특성을 알아보는 실험을 진행하였다. 이 실험은 집속 플라즈마 발진장치의 2가지 전극인 마테르 (Mather) 형태의 전극과, 초사이클로이달 핀치(Hypercycloidal pinch) 핀치 형태의 전극에서 발진된 극자외선(Extreme Ultraviolet : EUV) 집속 플라즈마의 전자온도와, 전자밀도, power를 분석하였다. 그리고 EUV 광원 발생장치에 Ar 가스와, Ne-Xe 가스내 환경에서 2 종류의 전극에 의해 만들어진 고밀도 플라즈마로부터 발생된 EUV의 특성을 알아보았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.02a
• /
• pp.429-429
• /
• 2013

We present a systematic study of the electrical, optical and electromechanical properties of flexible graphene/metal grid hybrid transparent conductive electrodes using 4-point prove method, ultraviolet/visible spectrometer and inner/outer bending test system. The hybrid electrodes were synthesized by depositing a silver grid on a graphene surface. The sheet resistance of hybrid electrodes was as low as 30 Ω/square, while the transmittance was 90%. The electromechanical properties as a function of the change of bending radius were evaluated by measuring the change in resistance. The result will be presented in detail. We believe that these results will provide useful information for the flexible optoelectronic devices based on graphene transparent electrodes.