• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.343-348
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• 2017

Cymbidium aloifolium (L). Sw. is an exquisite epiphytic orchid of the Kolli Hills (Eastern Ghats) of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. It is fast disappearing from its natural habitats due to deforestation and low germination rate in natural habitat. In the present study, an attempt was made to germinate the seeds from un-dehisced capsule of Cymbidium aloifolium (L). Sw under in vitro condition. The seed germination and protocorm development were recorded in three different well known media namely Knudson C (KC), Half strength Murashige & Skoog (1/2 MS) and Vacin & Went (VW) media. The highest seed germination of 90% was observed KC basal media after $30^{th}$ days whereas germination percentages were 40% and 30% on 1/2 MS and VW media respectively. The well-developed protocorm were transferred to KC media supplemented with 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) where BAP (1.0 mg/l) and NAA (1.0 mg/l) together were found to be optimum for the highest shoot formation. About 90% of the shoots found to be well rooted after transfer to the KC medium differently supplemented with 1.5 mg/l Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1.0 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Though rooting also took place in the two basic media but the duration was longer when compared with the hormone-supplemented media. The rooted plantlets were hardened and kept under greenhouse conditions which can be relocated in natural habitats.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.760-767
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• 2016

Food waste (FW) has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently utilize or treat FW. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with vegetable waste (VW). Three different organic materials (saw dust, coco peat, and waste mushroom media) were mixed with VW at the rate of 30, 40, 50% respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 35 days and each sub samples were collected at every 5 days from starting of composting. Result showed that inner temperature of composting was increased to $60{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on varied organic materials and mixing ratio. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed when 30% of saw dust was mixed with VW. After finishing composting experiment, maturity of each compost was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 57.83~101.16 depending on organic materials and mixing ratio. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was met for fertilizer criteria while control (VW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, VW can be utilized for making organic fertilizer mixing with saw dust, coco peat and more research should be conducted to make high quality of organic fertilizer with vegetable waste.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.45-60
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• 2024

Morphologic changes in the brain through aging, as a physiologic process, may involve a wide range of variables including ventricular dilation, and sulcus widening. This study reports normal ranges of these changes as standard criteria. Normal brain computed tomography scans of 400 patients (200 males, 200 females) in every decade of life (20 groups each containing 20 participants) were investigated for subcortical/cortical atrophy (bicaudate width [BCW], third ventricle width [ThVW], maximum length of lateral ventricle at cella media [MLCM], bicaudate index [BCI], third ventricle index [ThVI], and cella media index 3 [CMI3], interhemispheric sulcus width [IHSW], right hemisphere sulci diameter [RHSD], and left hemisphere sulci diameter [LHSD]), ventricular symmetry. Distribution and correlation of all the variables were demonstrated with age and a multiple linear regression model was reported for age prediction. Among the various parameters of subcortical atrophy, BCW, ThVW, MLCM, and the corresponding indices of BCI, ThVI, and CMI3 demonstrated a significant correlation with age (R²≥0.62). All the cortical atrophy parameters including IHSW, RHSD, and LHSD demonstrated a significant correlation with age (R²≥0.63). This study is a thorough investigation of variables in a normal brain which can be affected by aging disclosing normal ranges of variables including major ventricular variables, derived ventricular indices, lateral ventricles asymmetry, cortical atrophy, in every decade of life introducing BW, ThVW, MLCM, BCI, ThVI, CMI3 as most significant ventricular parameters, and IHSW, RHSD, LHSD as significant cortical parameters associated with age.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

This study was conducted to find out the commercial in vitro propagation methods through protocom-like bodies (PLB) induced from shoot tip culture of Miltonia spp. Among several culture media for induction PLB from shoot tip in Miltonia spp., MS basal medium was better than Hyponex, Vacin & Went basal medium and other media supplemented with natural additives. PLB's proliferation and differentiation in Hyponex medium including $20g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ banana + $20g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose(pH 5.2) was better than in MS medium. It was tendency that solid media showed higher PLB fresh weight than liquid medium or other cotton bridge culture. The dark culture for 1~2 weeks and adding $10{\sim}20g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose on hyponex basal medium was the most effective to increase the PLBs growth and shoot number.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.215-219
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of culture media and environment on PLB proliferation by using PLBs produced from leaf segments excised from shoot of Phalanopsis flower stalk. The fresh weight of PLBs propagated was higher in MS medium than in NDM (New Dogashima medium) or VW, but the condition of PLB was better in NDM medium. Natural additives of Coconut water, potato and apple were absolutely required for the PLB propagation. PLB propagation was better in solid medium than in liquid medium including cotton as support. Optimal sucrose concentration for proliferation was 10 g/L. PLB proliferation was very effective condition 14.3 $\mu$mol.s$^{-1}$ m$^{-2}$ in PPFD and $25^{\circ}C$.