• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2019

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2000

The flow characteristics around the stern region of two VLCCs with the same forebody and slightly different afterbody are investigated along with propulsive performance of the ship. The local mean flow measurements and the resistance and self-propulsion tests are carried out in the towing tank for the two VLCC hull forms. The measured results clearly show the formation of bilge vortices and their effect on propulsive efficiency. The comparisons are made for the two VLCC hull forms and the relation between stern framelines and bilge vortex strength is explored. Experimental data can provide a good test case to validate the accuracy of numerical methods and turbulence model of CFD codes for ship flow calculation.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.52-61
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• 2001

It is necessary to obtain the well-documented local flow measurement data for the validation of CFD prediction of hydrodynamic performance. In the present paper the local flow fields around the stern region of a VLCC model with drift angles of $0^{\circ},\;5^{\circ},\;and\;10^{\circ}$ are measured. Mean velocity components are documented at St. 2 and A.P. of both port and starboard side of KVLCC in KRlSO towing tank. Flow information associated with the formation of four discrete vortices in the stern region is explored. The present experimental data can provide a good test case to validate the accuracy of numerical modeling for stern flow and maneuverability prediction of modern tanker hull forms.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.222-232
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• 2011

This article examines the scale effect of the flow characteristics, resistance and propulsion performance on a 317k VLCC. The turbulent flows around a ship in both towing and self-propulsion conditions are analyzed by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation together with the application of Reynolds stress turbulence model. The computations are carried out in both model- and full-scale. A double-body model is applied for the treatment of free surface. An asymmetric body-force propeller is used. The speed performances including resistance and propulsion factors are obtained from two kinds of methods. One is to analyze the computational results in model scale through the revised ITTC' 78 method. The other is directly to analyze the computational results in full scale. Based on the computational predictions, scale effects of the resistance and the self-propulsion factors including form factor, thrust deduction fraction, effective wake fraction and various efficiencies are investigated. Scale effects of the streamline pattern, hull pressure and local flow characteristics including x-constant sections, propeller and center plane, and transom region are also investigated. This study presents a useful tool to hull-form and propeller designers, and towing-tank experimenters to take the scale effect into consideration.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.51-70
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• 1984

In the North Pacific Ocean a lot of large waves set up in winter, affected by continued winds and swells owing to severe extratropical cyclones. Under this sea condition, if the ship is about 100,000L/T (in deadweight capacity tonnage), we can't find the danger involved in the ship at sea apparently. But when we compare the seaworthiness of ship's building strength with the stress given to the hull by waves, we can't insist that the former be more stronger than the latter. As a result, VLCC is in danger of destroying and cutting for lack of longitudinal strength in heavy weather. Up to this time, Naval Architects have actively studied the relation between ship's longitudinal strength and waves as a ship's projector; however, actually, they have never made more profound study on the problem of longitudinal strength in relation to navigation. The main puprpose of this thesis is to clarify these vivid actual states of ship's trouble unknown to ship's masters. In this thesis we picked up VLCC Pan Yard, a vessel of Pan Ocean Bulk Carrier company's, as a model ship. And in the North Pacific Ocean, we have chosen for this research the basins where the wind speed and the wave height are greater than average. The data used this thesis are quotes from the "winds and waves of the North Pacific Ocean('64-'73)", and wind speed more than 30 knots was made use of as an ocject of this study. By usinh the ITTC wave spectrum, we found out the significant waves for every 5 knots within the range of 20 knots to 45 knots of wind speed. According to this H1/1000 was calculated. The stress of ship's hull is determined by ship's speed and wave height. We compared the ship's longitudinal strength with a planned wave height by rules of several famous classification societies in the world. In the last analysis, we found out that ship's present planned strength in heavy weather is not enough. Finally we made a graph for avoiding heavy weather, with which we studied safe ship's handling in the North pacafic Ocean in winter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.135-137
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• 2019

In recent years, the need for ship-to-ship has emerged around the world as the volume of tanker carriers increases. In the case of STS mooring, a safety review should be carried out on other standards since the characteristics are different from the mooring at a typical wharf. However, there is no separate standard about STS in Korea. Therefore, in this study, STS mooring simulation and sensitivity analysis were performed using OPTIMOOR program, a commercial numerical analysis program, to identify STS mooring characteristics. The target sea area is modeled at D2 anchorage of Yeosu Port in Korea, and modeling of the target ship is selected as the case of VLCC-VLCC. Based on this, we tried to establish the standard for STS mooring safety evaluation. Numerical simulation results show that the STS mooring changes depending on the ship load condition, weather condition(wave period and wave height), encounter angle and pre-tension of mooring line. In addition, a risk matrix was created to set the safe external force range in the sea area. It is expected that the mooring characteristics of the STS can be grasped by this result and contribute to the revision of the mooring safety assessment standard.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.26-35
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• 1994

본 고에서는 VLCC(Very Large Crude Oil Carrier)의 운항중 선체의 구조적 불연속부에서 발생 하는 균열이 피로강도의 부족에 의해 발생하는 피로균열임을 밝히는 당사의 사례에 대해 설명 하고, 국부 구조해석기술을 이용하는 피로설계의 관점에서 선체구조가 충분한 피로강도를 갖고 안전한 구조가 될 수 있도록 선체 용접이음부의 피로강도를 평가하는 체계에 대해 검토하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.22-29
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• 1999

In the development of high speed marine vehicle, lilting devices became important in sharing the pay load or controlling the attitude. The devices are also important to meet the IMO regulation to prevent the marine pollution by keeping the high rudder force for VLCC even in low speed operation. The high lift devices such as the Coanda device have been introduced to the aircraft as a common practice for a long time among the aero-engineers. If the Coanda device can be utilized to the flapped rudder, the severe requirement of rudder force could be provided for the VLCC in low speed operation. The performance of the rudder system has been investigated at the towing tank of Seoul National University.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.42 no.6 s.144
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• pp.593-600
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• 2005

The finite volume based multi-block RANS code, WAVIS developed at KRISO, is used to simulate the turbulent flow field around the KRISO container ship (KCS) and the modified KRISO tanker (KVLCC2M). The realizable k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model with a wall function is employed for the turbulence closure. The free surface flow with and without propeller is mainly investigated for the KCS and the double model flow is concerned for the KVLCC2M which is obliquely towed in still water. The computed results are compared with the experimental data provided by CFD Tokyo Workshop 2005 in terms of wave profiles, hull surface pressure and wake distribution with and without propeller for the HCS and wake distribution and hydrodynamic forces and moments with various drift angles for the KVLCC2M.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.44-50
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• 1995

We describe here the research work concerning the development of the CAPP(computer aided process planning) system, named BLOCK. designed to support block division of ship. The system consists of the expert system part generating block division lines, and their evaluation and editing one. As a reasoning approach of expert system, the case-based reasoning is used. The division lines can be graphically edited and the satisfaction measure of block division can be checked up in the evaluation stage with separate window. The expert system is developed by using NEXPERT Object development tool in the workstation. Currently the target ship is VLCC.