• Title/Summary/Keyword: VIP

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Bone Cell Response to Neurotransmitters and Mechanical Loading (신경전달물질 및 물리적 자극에 대한 뼈 세포의 반응)

  • Kwag, J.H.;Kim, B.G.;Kim, K.H.;Kim, C.H.
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.89-93
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    • 2009
  • Bone remodeling is a continuous process of skeletal renewal during which bone formation is tightly coupled to bone resorption. Mechanical loading is an important regulator of bone formation and resorption. In recent studies, neurotransmitters such as vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were found to be present inside bone tissue and have been suggested to potentially regulate bone remodeling. In this study, our objective was to use a pre-established in vitro oscillatory fluid flow-induced shear stress mechanical loading system to quantify the effect of VIP on bone resorptive activity and investigate its combined effect with mechanical loading. VIP decreased osteoclastogenesis significantly decreased RANKL/OPG mRNA ration by approximately 90%. Combined VIP and mechanical loading further decreased RANKL/OPG ratio to approximately 95%. These results suggest that VIP present in bone tissue may synergistically act with mechanical loading to regulate bone remodeling via suppression of bone resorptive activities.

A Study Security Measures for Protection of VIP in the G20 Summit (G20 정상회의 시 주(主)행사장에서의 VIP 안전대책 방안에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Sun-Ki;Lee, Choong-Soo
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.24
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    • pp.91-123
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    • 2010
  • The threat factors available for occurrence given G20 Summit Meeting are expected leader terrorism, hostage terrorism, bomb terrorism, public facilities terrorism, and aircraft terrorism. As for the threat groups, which are expected in Korea, the North Korea, Islam extremist group, and the group such as NGO organization of being opposed to international meeting are regarded as having possibility of causing hazard. Thus, the purpose of this study is to suggest VIP Security-measure plans in the main site in preparation for G20 Summit Meeting. Accordingly, each country in the world is adopting 'the principle of Triple Ring' in common. Thus, it elicited a coping plan by 1st line(inner ring) 2nd line(middle ring) 3rd line(outer ring) based on this principle, and proposed even an opinion together that will need to be reflected in light of policy for the VIP security measures. In conclusion, as for the VIP Security-measure plans in the main site in preparation for G20 Summit Meeting, In the inner ring(safety sector), first, an intercepting measure needs to be devised for a spot of getting into and out of vehicles given the Straight Street. Second, the Walking Formation needs to be reinforced boldly in the exposed area. In the middle ring(security sector), first, the control plan needs to be devised by considering particularity of the main site. Second, there is necessity for adopting the efficient security badge operation plan that is included RFID function within security badge. In the outer ring(aid protective sector), first, there is necessity of preparing for several VIP terrorisms, of collecting information and intelligence, and of reinforcing the information collection system against terrorism under the cooperation with the overseas information agency. Second, the urgent measure training in time of emergency needs to be carried out toward security agent event manpower. Third, to maintain the certain pace in VIP motorcade, the efficient traffic control system needs to be operated. Finally, as for what will need to be reflected in light of policy for VIP security measures, first, there is necessity for allowing VIP residence to be efficiently dispersed to be distributed and controlled. Second, there is necessity for allowing impure element to misjudge or attack to be failed by utilizing diverse deception operations. Third, according to the reorganization in North Korea's Organization of the South Directed Operations, the powerful 'military-support measure' needs to be driven from this G20 Summit Meeting. For this, the necessity was proposed for further reinforcing the front back defense posture under the supervision of the Ministry of National Defense and for positively coping even with detecting and removing poison in preparation for CBR (chemical, biological, and radio-logical) terrorism.

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Isolation and Characterization of Two Methyltransferase Genes, AfuvipB and AfuvipC in Aspergillus fumigatus (Aspergillus fumigatus에서 Methyltransferase 유전자 AfuvipB와 AfuvipC의 분리 및 분석)

  • Elgabbar, Mohammed A. Abdo;Han, Kap-Hoon
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2015
  • In filamentous fungi, velvet complex associated with the veA gene plays pivotal roles in development and secondary metabolism. In a model fungus Aspergillus nidulans, many proteins that can interact with VeA, including two methyltransferases VipB and VipC, have been isolated and characterized. In this study, we isolated homologs of the vipB and vipC genes in the human opportunistic pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus and named AfuvipB and AfuvipC. The AfuvipB gene, annotated as Afu3g14920 in the Aspergillus Genome Database (AspGD) database, consists of 1,510 bp interrupted with 10 introns yielding 336 amino acid-long putative methyltransferase protein. Similarly, AfuvipC, which is Afu8g01930, has 10 introns and encodes a polypeptide with 339 amino acids having a methyltransferase domain in the middle of the protein. To characterize the function of the genes in A. fumigatus, knock-out mutants were generated and the phenotypes were observed. Deletion of AfuvipB gene caused no obvious phenotypic change on point inoculation but showed smaller colony than wild-type when the mutant was subjected to culture on single spore-driven culture condition. However, AfuvipC deletion mutant demonstrated no phenotypic difference from wild type both in point inoculation and streaking cultures. These results indicate that the two methyltransfereases might have a redundant role and could be dispensable in normal culture conditions.

VIP IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN THE RAT TRIGEMINAL GANGLION AFTER INFERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE AXOTOMY (하치조신경 절단 후 흰쥐 삼차신경절에서 VIP-IR의 변화)

  • Kim, Heung-Joong;Park, Joo-Cheol;Kim, Hyun-Sub;Moon, Joo-Hoon
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution and fluorescene intensity of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide(VIP) immunoreactive cells in rat trigeminal ganglion after inferior alveolar nerve axotomy. The animals were divided into normal and two experimental groups. The experimental animals were sacrificed at 14th and 28th day after inferior alveolar nerve axotomy. The trigeminal ganglion was removed and immersed in the 4% paraformaldehyde-0.2% picric acid in 0.1M phosphate buffer. Serial frozon sections about $16{\mu}m$ in thickness were cut with a cryostat. The immunofluorescence staining was performed. The rabbit anti-VIP(1 : 8,000) was used as primary antibody and fluorescene isothiocynate(FITC)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG(1 : 80) as secondary antibody. The slides were observed under confocal laser scanning microscope. Three-dimensional images were constructed from 9 serial images(each $1{\mu}m$ in thickness) made by automatic optical sectioning. Unprocessed optical sections were obtained and stored on a optical disk. Color picture were printed by a video copy processor. The results were as follows; 1. The appearance of VIP immunoreactive cells in the mandibular part of trigeminal ganglion was 8.79${\pm}$1.99% in normal group and 39.16${\pm}$5.62% in 14 days, 16.25${\pm}$2.39% in 28 days after inferior alveolar nerve axotomy groups. 2. The relative fluorescence intensity of VIP immunoreactive cell bodies in the mandibular part of trigeminal ganglion was 134.40${\pm}$10.39 in normal group and 192.88${\pm}$14.06 in 14 days, 143.10${\pm}$5.02 in 28 days after nerve axotomy groups. Therefore, the relative fluorescence intensity of 14 days after nerve axotomy group was 43.3% higher than intensity of normal group. 3. In optical single section analysis of VIP immunoreactive cell bodies, white cell bodies(moderate fluorescence intensity) were the most abundant in normal and 28 days after nerve axotomy groups. Whereas, in 14 days after nerve axotomy group, red cell bodies(high fluorescence intensity) were the most abundant. 4. In optical serial section analysis of VIP immunoreactive cell bodies, red cell bodies(high fluorescence intensity) were observed in a part of the 9 sections of normal and 24 days after nerve axotomy groups. Whereas, red cell bodies were observed in all of the 9 sections of 14 days after nerve axotomy group. 5. The results indicates that number and fluorescence intensity of VIP immunoreactive cells were increased in the mandibular part of trigeminal ganglion following inferior alveolar nerve axotomy.

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The Paradigm Model of VIP Ward Nurses' Decision Making (특실병동 간호사의 의사결정 경험에 관한 패러다임 모형)

  • Park, Hyun-Jeoung;Kim, Duck-Hee;Kim, Chun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.141-152
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: The purpose of this research was to describe the decision making of nurses in a VIP ward. Method: The methodology of collecting and analyzing the data was based on the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998). The data were collected through an in-depth interview, which were audio-taped and transcribed. The data were collected from 10 nurses from July to November 2007. Results: The core category on VIP ward nurses' decision making was named as "adjusting with flexibility and deepened insight". The causal condition was established by 'the patients who wanted to be treated specially'. The contextual conditions included 'caring patients from various departments', 'differences depending on the nurses' clinical experience', and 'client-centered atmosphere in the VIP ward'. The intervening conditions included 'problem solving styles of nurses', 'attitudes of patients and family members', 'nurse-doctor relationships', and 'accessibility to information'. It was confirmed that nurses changed their action-interaction strategies depending on the intervening conditions, thus resulted in the nurses' role conflict and the need to expand their consciousness. Conclusion: The result of this study indicates that nurse's decision making depends on their experiences and the nature of social context in which nursing occurs.

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Defect detection of vacuum insulation panel using image analysis based on corner feature detection (코너 특정점 기반의 영상분석을 활용한 진공단열재 결함 검출)

  • Kim, Beom-Soo;Yang, Jeonghyeon;Kim, Yeonwon
    • Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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    • v.55 no.6
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    • pp.398-402
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    • 2022
  • Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP) is an high energy efficient insulation system that facilitate slim but high insulation performance, based on based on a porous core material evacuated and encapsulated in a multi-barrier envelope. Although VIP has been on the market for decades now, it wasn't until recently that efforts have been initiated to propose a standard on aging testing. One of the issues regarding VIP is its durability and aging due to pressure and moisture dependent increase of the initial low thermal conductivity with time. It is hard to visually determine at an early stage. Recently, a method of analyzing the damage on the a material surface by applying image processing technology has been widely used. These techniques provide fast and accurate data with a non-destructive way. In this study, the surface VIP images were analyzed using the Harris corner detection algorithm. As a result, 171,333 corner points in the normal packaging were detected, whereas 32,895 of the defective packaging, which were less than the normal packaging. were detected. These results are considered to provide meaningful information for the determination of VIP condition.

Virtual Integrated Prototyping Simulation Environment for Plasma Chamber Analysis and Design

  • 김헌창;김성재;황일선
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society Of Semiconductor Equipment Technology
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.94-97
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 반도체제조에 필수적으로 사용되는 플라즈마장비의 성능을 예측.분석하여 개발 시간 및 비용의 절감과 장비의 성능을 극대화 할 수 있도록 이론적 전산모사 환경(VIP-SEPCAD)을 개발하고 있다. VIP-SEPCAD는 플라즈마의 물리.화학적 특성을 예측하는 plasma model, 중성화학종들의 반응 및 유돈 특성을 예측하는 neutral reaction-transport model, particle의 유동 특성을 예측하는 particle transport model, particle의 생성 및 성장 특성을 예측하는 particle formation-growth model, 식각 또는 증착되는 웨이퍼 표면변화를 예측하는 surface evolution model로 구성되어 있다. 현재 개발된 VIP-SEPCAD를 이용하여 산소 플라즈마의 특성과 각종 화학성분들의 분포를 예측하고 particle의 거동에 대하여 분석하였다.

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A Study on the Traditional Expressions in Hotel VIP Lounge Space - Focused on Imperial Palace Hotel - (호텔 귀빈라운지에서의 전통성 표현에 관한 연구 - 임피리얼 팰리스호텔 프로젝트 -)

  • Byun, Jay-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.201-204
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    • 2006
  • With development of digital technology and globalization after Seoul Olympic in 1988, Korea has recklessly accepted western culture, thus causing damages to Korean identity The purpose of this study is to design Imperial Palace Hotel VIP lounge space applying traditional Korean style. This study analyzed traditional expression according to its element and method taken out from the prior researches related to it. The method of traditional expressions divided into the method of prototype reappearance, prototype transformation, reinterpretation, and abstract. This study aimed at get the understanding on traditional Korean architecture, space planning and furniture arrangement. As a result, the plan represent traditional Korean style including the space planning and furniture, the colors and patterns, and the building materials. The Imperial Palace VIP lounge Is not tile space for eating and social activities, but also provide the space for introducing traditional Korean culture and life.

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The effect of irradiation mode on degree of cure, shrinkage and microleakage of composite resin restoration.

  • Park, Jong-Jin;Park, Jeong-Won;Kim, Sung-Kyo
    • Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.558.2-558
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    • 2001
  • The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the relation of irradiation mode, polymerization shrinkage and degree of cure of composite resin and(2) it effect on micorleakage of class V restorations. VIP(BISCO Dental Products, Schaumburg, IL, USA) and Optilux 501 (Demetron/Kerr, Danbury, CT, USA) curing lights were used for curing Z-250 composite resin following irradiation mode: VIP 200㎽d, VIP 400㎽, VIP 600㎽, pulse-delay(200㎽ 3sec, 5min wait, 600㎽ 30sec), Optilux R mode.(omitted)

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The effect of irradiation mode on degree of cure, shrinkage and microleakage of composite resin restroation.

  • Park, Jong-Jin;Park, Jeong-Won;Kim, Sung-Kyo
    • Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.555-555
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    • 2001
  • The aims of this study are (1) to investigate the relation of irradiation mode, polymerzition shrinkage and degree of cure of composite resin and (2) it effect on microliakage of calss V restorations. VIP(BISCO Dental Products, Schaumburg, IL, USA) and Optilux 501(Demetron/Kerr, Danbury, CT, USA) curing lights were used for curing Z-250 composite resin following irradiation mode: VIP 200㎽, VIP 400㎽, VIP 600㎽, pulse-delay(200㎽ 3sec, 5min wait, 600㎽ 30sec), Optilux C mode, Optilux R mode.(omitted)

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