• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1733-1737
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• 2007

A total of 2,280 nonduplicate clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, obtained nationwide from Korean non-tertiary care hospitals from 2002 to 2005, were identified and their susceptibilities to aminoglycosides, antipseudomonal penicillins, carbapenems, cephalosporins, monobactams, and quinolones were studied, together with their production of ${\beta}$-lactamases. Using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration tests, it was found that 2.9% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa. An EDTA-disk synergy test, PCR amplification with specifically designed primers, and direct sequencing of the PCR products showed that the $bla_{OXA-10}$, $bla_{VIM-2}$, $bla_{OXA-2}$, $bla_{OXA-17}$, $bla_{PER-1}$, $bla_{SHV-12}$, and $bla_{IMP-1}$ genes were carried by 34.3%, 26.9%, 3.0%,3.0%, 1.5%, 1.5%, and 1.5% of 67 MDR P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively. The prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa was three-fold higher, compared with that from the United States. More than two types of ${\beta}$-lactamase genes were carried by 10.4% of isolates. The most prevalent ${\beta}$-lactamase genes were $bla_{VIM-2}$ and $bla_{OXA-10}$. This study is the first description of MDR P. aeruginosa trom non-tertiary care hospitals in Korea and the coexistence of the $bla_{VIM-2}$, $bla_{IMP-1}$, or $bla_{PER-1} in these clinical isolates.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.413-419
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• 2017

Four imipenem-resistant bacteria were isolated from the clinical specimens of a patient with pneumonia. To identify the isolates, we used the GN card of Vitek II system and performed a phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. The isolates were identified as P. aeruginosa (2 strains), P. monteilii (1 strain), and P. putida (1 strain), and were tested for antibiotic resistance after determining the MIC of imipenem to be $${\geq_-}8{\mu}g/mL$$ using the AST-N225 card of Vitek II system. The imipenem-resistant genotypes were determined using PCR products amplified using specific ${\beta}-Lactamase$ gene primers. The MBL gene was identified in all four isolates. One strain of P. aeruginosa exhibited the VIM and SHV-1 type genes, while the other strain exhibited both VIM and OXA group II genes. According to the antimicrobial susceptibility test, the bacteria were more susceptible to amikacin than other antibiotics. DNA fingerprint analysis using ERIC-PCR to analyze the epidemiological relationship between strains estimated that both the P. aeruginosa isolates were similar, but exhibited different DNA band types. It is uncommon to find four strains of imipenem-resistant bacteria with different DNA band types in a single patient.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1371-1377
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• 2008

In this paper, we have employed the variational iteration method to solve the boundary value problems. Numerical results reveal that it is a very effective method compared with the results obtained by using the Adomian decomposition method in Wazwaz, A. M. (2000).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.99-101
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• 2008

At 21st century, material development concepts were changed to fulfill the environmental friendly demands. This study is to study the effect of pressurized nitrogen gas and manganese in high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel(HNS) in which N and Mn elements substitute the nickel element. 100kg HNS ingots were made by Pressurized Vacuum Induction Melting(P-VIM) and were forged according to free forging process. As forged HNS were hot and cold rolled by pilot scale rolling machine. Depending on the rolling condition, the mechanical properties of HNS were changed. The roll thrust and sheet folding showed asymmetry condition between work and drive side during cold and hot rolling. The purpose of this study are to improve workability the hot and cold rolling machine and to set the conditions for establishing the rolling process.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.2285-2291
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• 2011

In this paper, H.264 high profile intra frame encoder, which integrates intra prediction, context-based adaptive variable length coding(CAVLC), and DDR2 memory control module, is proposed. The designed encoder can be operated in 440 cycle for one-macroblock. In order to verify the encoder function, we developed the reference C from JM 13.2 and verified the developed hardware using test vector generated by reference C. The designed encoder is verified in the FPGA (field programmable gate array) with operating frequency of 200 MHz for DMA (direct memory access), operating frequency of 50 MHz of Encoder module, and 25 MHz for VIM(video input module). The number of LUT is 43099, which is about 20 % of Virtex 5 XC5VLX330.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2011

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, Gram-negative, glucose-nonfermenting bacterium, which has emerged as a serious opportunistic pathogen. Recently, outbreaks of carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa give rise to significant therapeutic challenges for treating nosocomial infections. The genes of metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase (MBL), a powerful carbapenemase, are carried as a part of the mobile gene cassettes inserted into integrons playing an important role in rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial isolates. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of integron in imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. A total of 61 consecutive, non-duplicate, and imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from a university hospital in the Chungcheong province of Korea. We employed repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) method for the selection of clonally different P. aerusinosa strains. PCR and DNA sequencing were conducted for the detection of integrons. Twenty-one clonally different P. aeruginosa strains were isolated. Only one (P28) of the strains harbored $bla_{VIM-2}$ that was found as gene cassettes in class 1 integrons. Four of 21 carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains harbored class 1 integron containing aminoglycoside resistance determinant. All of the integrons detected in the study contained more than one resistance gene cassette, which can mediate resistance to multiple antibiotics. To prevent further spreading of the multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, conseguent monitoring and clinical polices are required.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2006

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is blown as one of the inherited disorder of peripheral nervous system. Recently, it was found that point mutations in the neurofilament light subunit (NF-L) gene cause CMT. Neurofilaments (NFs) are heteropolymers consist of NF-L, NF-M and NF-H. To assess the relationship between CMT and NF-L mutation in cellular level, we performed phenotypic analysis of the mutant NF-L (E397K) using cultured cell lines. Vimentin-deficient human adrenal carcinoma SW13 (Vim-) cells have a potential to form the intermediate filaments when the cells are expressing both NF-L and NF-M. Our results show that co-expression of wild type NF-L with NF-M showed intermediate filament formation in SW13 (Vim-) cells, while E397K with NF-M did not. This result means that E397K mutant lost its ability to form the intermediate filament in vivo, and further suggests that the E397K mutation is closely related to CMT.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.906-919
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• 2015

The Deep Draft Semi-Submersible (DDS) concepts are known for their favourable vertical motion performance. However, the DDS may experience critical Vortex-Induced Motion (VIM) stemming from the fluctuating forces on the columns. In order to investigate the current-induced excitation forces of VIM, an experimental study of flow characteristics around four square-section cylinders in a square configuration is presented. A number of column spacing ratios and array attack angles were considered to investigate the parametric influences. The results comprise flow patterns, drag and lift forces, as well as Strouhal numbers. It is shown that both the drag and lift forces acting on the cylinders are slightly different between the various L/D values, and the fluctuating forces peak at L/D = 4.14. The lift force of downstream cylinders reaches its maximum at around ${\alpha}=15^{\circ}$. Furthermore, the flow around circular-section-cylinder arrays is also discussed in comparison with that of square cylinders.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 1985

Effects of differences between fine- and broad-group structures and spectrum as a weighting function at the resonance energy region of iron on a neutron shielding calculation were analyzed with the ANISN code and ENDF/B-IV data. The problems analyzed are the broad-group effect, the effect for variation of iron thickness, and the effect of problem-dependent weighting spectrum. In order to verify the group data and method used, a calculational benchmark was performed with the continuous-energy Monte Carlo code VIM. The result was compared with the ANISN calculations using the fine- and broad-group data.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1015-1019
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• 2010

An extensive research on exact string matching has been done, but there have been few researches on the matching in multi-byte character set texts such as EUC~KR. This paper shows that false matches may occur in multi-byte character set texts such as EUC-KR when using KMP algorithm, and presents a refined KMP algorithm without false matches applying a character-based prefix function. And also, Experimental results show that our algorithm is faster than string matching algorithms of widely used editors, Vim and Emacs, and the existing automata-based algorithm.