• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.784-794
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• 2009

We present a full HD (1080p) H.264/AVC High Profile hardware encoder based on fast motion estimation (ME). Most processing cycles are occupied with ME and use external memory access to fetch samples, which degrades the performance of the encoder. A novel approach to fast ME which uses shared multibank memory can solve these problems. The proposed pixel subsampling ME algorithm is suitable for fast motion vector searches for high-quality resolution images. The proposed algorithm achieves an 87.5% reduction of computational complexity compared with the full search algorithm in the JM reference software, while sustaining the video quality without any conspicuous PSNR loss. The usage amount of shared multibank memory between the coarse ME and fine ME blocks is 93.6%, which saves external memory access cycles and speeds up ME. It is feasible to perform the algorithm at a 270 MHz clock speed for 30 frame/s real-time full HD encoding. Its total gate count is 872k, and internal SRAM size is 41.8 kB.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.2563-2578
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• 1996

In this paper, channel error characteristics are investigated to alleviate the channel error propagation problem of the digital TV transmission systems. First, error propagation problems, which are mainly caused by the inter-frame dependancy and variable length coding of the MPEG-2 baseline encoder, are intensively analyzed. Next, existing channel resilient schemes are systematically classified into two kinds of schemes; one for the encoder and the other for the decoder. By comparing the performance and implementation cost, the encoder side schemes, such as error localization, layered coding, error resilience bit stream generation techniques, are described in this paper. Also, in an effort to consider the parcticality of the real transmission situation, an efficient error detection scheme for a decoder system is proposed by employing a priori information of the bit stream syntas, checking the encoding conditions at the encoder stage, and exploiting the statistics of the image itself. Finally, subsequent error concealment technique based on the DCT coefficient recovery algorithm is adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed error resilience technique. The computer simulation results show that the quality of the received image is significantly improved when the bit error rate is as high as 10$^{-5}$ .

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

Wyner-Ziv 부호화에서의 시간예측은 원본 영상을 알 수 없는 Wyner-Ziv 복호화기에서 이루어지기 때문에 압축성능 저하를 피할 수 없었다. 이를 해결할 방안으로 Wyner-Ziv 부호화기의 가장 큰 장점인 부호화기의 경량화를 유지하면서도 최소한의 시간예측을 부호화기에서 하기 위하여 제안된 기술이 Wyner-Ziv 잔차 신호 부호화 기술이다. 이 기술은 키 프레임과 부호화 하는 Wyner-Ziv 프레임간의 단순한 차로 만들어진 잔차 신호를 분산비디오 부호화 하는 것이다. 하지만, 화소 영역에서 이잔차 신호 부호화 기술을 적용할 경우 기존의 화소영역 Wyner-Ziv 부호화보다는 성능이 개선되지만, 변환영역 Wyner-Ziv 부호화 기술과는 유사한 성능에 그쳤다. 이에 변환영역 WZ 잔차 신호 부호화 기술개발의 시도가 있었으나, 기존의 변환영역 WZ 부호화가 사용하는 양자화와의 호환성 문제로 성능 저하가 있었다. 이를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 기존의 고정적인 양자화 행렬과 양자화 레벨을 WZ 프레임의 잔차 신호에 따라 적응적으로 바꿀 수 있는 양자화를 제안한다. 제안 방법은 Wyner-Ziv 프레임만 고려하였을 때, 4개의 영상에서 평균 약 22%의 BDBR 이득과 약 1.2dB의 BDPSNR 이득을 보인다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-113
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• 2015

Adaptive bitrate (ABR) streaming technology has become an important and prevalent feature in many multimedia delivery systems, with content providers such as Netflix and Amazon using ABR streaming to increase bandwidth efficiency and provide the maximum user experience when channel conditions are not ideal. Where such systems could see improvement is in the delivery of live video with a closed loop cognitive control of video encoding. In this paper, we present streaming camera system which provides spatially and temporally adaptive video streams, learning the user's preferences in order to make intelligent scaling decisions. The system employs a hardware based H.264/AVC encoder for video compression. The encoding parameters can be configured by the user or by the cognitive system on behalf of the user when the bandwidth changes. A cognitive video client developed in this study learns the user's preferences (i.e. video size over frame rate) over time and intelligently adapts encoding parameters when the channel conditions change. It has been demonstrated that the cognitive decision system developed has the ability to control video bandwidth by altering the spatial and temporal resolution, as well as the ability to make scaling decisions

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 패킷 손실 채널로의 전송을 위한 비디오 부호기의 소스/채널 부호화율 통합 제어 방식을 제안한다. 비디오 전송 시스템의 지연 제약에 따른 소스 부호화율 상한을 구하고, 부호화되거나 스킵된 화면에 대한 소스 왜곡과 패킷 손실에 의한 채널 왜곡을 기반으로 일정 부호화 구간에 대한 평균 왜곡을 정의한다. 주어진 채널률과 패킷 손실률에 대해 비디오 부호화 계수와 FEC 블록 크기를 제어계수로 하는 평균 왜곡 최소화 문제를 정의하고, 실시간 해결 알고리즘을 제안한다. 모의실험에서 제안방식은 40% 이하의 패킷 손실률과 30 프레임 이상의 인트라 매크로블럭 갱신률에서 TMN8에 비해 PSNR과 주관적 화질에서 우수한 성능을 보였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.327-330
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• 2005

In this paper, we proposed that technique for reducing trailing artifact in MPEG-4 video. low bit-rate video is occured trailng artifact which remain part of moving object. Because MEMC doesn't work well in the degraded video. The proposed trailing artifact reduction approach has at its core three main steps. First step is to detect trailing artifact. Second step is applied intra block coding to remove trailing artifact. Finally, bit-rate control algorithm is used. Experimental result using an MPEG-4 based encoder indicate that the proposed method has overhead(bits) of about 2 percent and proposed method effective reduce or eliminate trailing artifact

• 방송과미디어
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 ITU-T와 MPEG에서 공동개발중인 JVT압축/복원방식에 대한 복잡도 분석이 수행된다. 압축률을 향상시키는 측면U떠 부호화 할 때 3가지의 configuration을 설정하여 각각의 configuration이 부호기와 복호기 구현시 필요한 메모리 및 계산시간에 대한 분석을 수행한다. 복잡도분석을 위하여 ATOMIUM 분석기를 이용한 메모리 대역폭 및 처리시간의 2가지 요인에 대한 결과를 소개한다. 또한 부호기 및 복호기의 각 비디오 툴들에 대한 상대적인 계산량을 정량적으로 도시한다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

In this paper, a real-time multiview video coding system using fast disparity estimation is proposed. In the multiview encoder, adaptive disparity-motion estimation (DME) for an effective 3-dimensional (3D) processing are proposed. That is, by adaptively predicting the mutual correlation between stereo images in the key-frame using the proposed algorithm, the bandwidth of stereo input images can be compressed to the level of a conventional 2D image and a predicted image also can be effectively reconstructed using a reference image and adaptive disparity vectors. Also, in multiview decoder, intermediate view reconstruction (IVR) using adaptive disparity search algorithm (DSA) for real-time multiview video processing is proposed. The proposed IVR can reduce a processing time of disparity estimation by selecting adaptively disparity search range. Accordingly, the proposed multiview video coding system is able to increase the efficiency of the coding rate and improve the resolution.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 신호처리소사이어티 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.199-202
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a new 3D coding method for heterogeneous systems over enhanced Access Grid (e-AG) with 3D display using spatio-temporal scalability. The proposed encoder produces four bit-streams: one base layer and enhancement layer l, 2 and 3. The base layer represents a video sequence for left eye with lower spatial resolution. An enhancement layer l provides additional bit-stream needed for reproduction of frames produced in base layer with full resolution. Similarly, the enhancement layer 2 represents a video sequence for right eye with lower spatial resolution and an enhancement layer 3 provides additional bit-stream needed for reproduction of its reference pictures with full resolution. In this system, temporal resolution reduction is obtained by dropping B-frames in the receiver according to network condition. The receiver system can select the spatial and temporal resolution of video sequence with its display condition by properly combining bit-streams.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.366-373
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• 2016

This paper proposes a pre-processing algorithm to improve the coding efficiency of perceptual video coding. First, an input image is decomposed into multiple sub-bands through linear sub-band decomposition. Then, the sub-bands that have low visual sensitivity are suppressed by assigning small gains to them. Experimental results show that if the proposed algorithm is adopted for pre-processing in a High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder, it can provide significant bit-saving effects of approximately 12% in low delay mode and 9.4% in random access mode.