• Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
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• 제95권5호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the synergistic effect of ABT-737 on docetaxel using MDA-MB-231, a triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line overexpressing B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). Methods: Western blot analysis was performed to assess expression levels of Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-related molecules. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (z-VAD-fmk) was used for pretreatment to assess the role of caspases. Results: Cell viability of MDA-MB-231 after combination treatment with ABT-737 and docetaxel was significantly lower than that after docetaxel or ABT-737 monotherapy based on MTT assay (both P < 0.001), with a combination index of 0.41. The proportion of sub-G1 population after combination treatment was significantly higher than that after docetaxel or ABT-737 monotherapy (P = 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively). Pretreatment with z-VAD-fmk completely restored cell viability of MDA-MB-231 from apoptotic cell death induced by combination therapy (P = 0.001). Although pro-caspase-8 or Bid did not show significant change in expression level, pro-casepase-9 showed significantly decreased expression after combination treatment. Cleaved caspase-3 showed increased expression while poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage was induced after combination treatment. However, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 totally lost their expression after combination treatment. Conclusion: Combination of ABT-737 with docetaxel elicits synergistic therapeutic effect on MDA-MB-231, a TNBC cell line overexpressing Bcl-2, mainly by activating the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Therefore, adjunct of ABT-737 to docetaxel might be a new therapeutic option to overcome docetaxel resistance of TNBCs overexpressing Bcl-2.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2021

최근 COVID-19로 인한 코로나 블루로 상담의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 또한 비대면 서비스의 증가로 상담 매체에 변화를 준 챗봇에 관한 연구들이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 챗봇을 통한 비대면 상담에서는 내담자의 감정을 정확하게 파악하는 것이 가장 중요하다. 하지만 내담자가 작성한 문장만으로 감정을 인식하는 데는 한계가 있으므로 더 정확한 감정 인식을 위해서는 문장에 내제되어있는 차원 감정을 인식하는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 상담 챗봇의 감정 인식 개선을 위해 원본 데이터를 데이터의 특성에 맞게 보정한 후 Word2Vec 모델을 학습하여 생성된 벡터와 문장 VAD(Valence, Arousal, Dominance)를 딥러닝 알고리즘으로 학습한 다차원 감정 인식 모델을 제안한다. 제안한 모델의 유용성 검증 방법으로 3가지 딥러닝 모델을 비교 실험한 결과로 Attention 모델을 사용했을 때 R-squared가 0.8484로 가장 좋은 성능을 보인다.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2023

오늘날 기후변화대응을 위한 기술패권 경쟁이 고조되는 가운데 기술 역량을 보유한 기후기술 분야 전문 인재를 양성하기 위한 사업들이 추진되고 있다. 지속가능한 인재양성 사업의 추진을 위해서는 사업 모니터링 및 성과평가가 필수적으로 병행되어야 함에도 불구하고 현재까지 기후기술 분야 인재양성 사업의 성과평가 관련 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 기후변화대응 기술 분야 중 수소 및 정책 분야 인재양성 사업을 통해 수혜 학생들의 R&D 역량과 경력개발 의지를 향상시켰는지 분석하였다. 기후기술 인재양성 사업의 수혜 학생들을 대상으로 설문 조사와 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시한 결과, 학생들 개인별로는 R&D 역량이 향상되었고, 경력개발 자신감이 높아진 것으로 보였다. 대학별로 분석한 결과 동일하게 R&D 역량이 향상되었고, 기술가치 인식이 개선된 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 통해 학생들이 기후기술 분야의 R&D 역량들은 발굴되었지만 기후기술 분야 경력개발로 이어지기 위해서는 추가 개선이 필요하다는 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제43호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2002

As there are needs to search the Web information via wire or wireless telephones, VoiceXML forum was established to develop and promote the Voice eXtensible Markup Language (VoiceXML). VoiceXML simplifies the creation of personalized interactive voice response services on the Web, and allows voice and phone access to information on Web sites, call center databases. Also, it can utilize the Web-based technologies, such as CGI(Common Gateway Interface) scripts. In this paper, we have developed the voice portal service platform based on VoiceXML called TeleGateway. It enables integration of voice services with data services using the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Text-To-Speech (TTS) engines. Also, we have showed the various services on voice portal services.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2005년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.32 No.2 (1)
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• pp.346-348
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• 2005

무선 통신망은 유선 통신망에 비하여 대역이 한정적이기 때문에 효율적인 대역의 이용은 매우 중요하다. 그러나 802.16 BWA 시스템의 UGS 알고리즘은 보낼 데이터가 없어도 일정한 간격으로 고정 대역을 단말에 계속 할당하기 때문에 대역의 낭비가 심하다. 본 논문에서는 VAd가 가능한 단말에서 UGS 알고리즘을 이용할 때, 보낼 패킷이 없는 경우에는 그 유휴 대역을 이용하여 우선순위가 낮은 nrtPS나, BE 알고리즘을 이용하는 패킷을 대신 전송하는 방법을 제시함으로써, 802.16 BWA 시스템에서 효율적인 상향링크 스케줄링을 구현한다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.92-97
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• 2000

An AMR(Adaptive Multi-Rate) speech coding algorithm has been adopted as a standard speech codec for IMT-2000. It is based on the algebraic CELP, and consists of eight speech coding modes having the bit rate from 4.75 kbit/s to 12.2 kbit/s. It also contains the VAD(Voice Activity Detector), SCR (Source Controlled Rate) operation, and error concealment scheme for robustness in a radio channel. The bit rate of AMR is changed on a frame basis depending on the channel condition. In this paper, we introduced AMR speech coding algorithm and performed the real-time implementation using TMS320C6201, i.e., a Texas Instrument's fixed-point DSP. With the ANSI C source code released from ETSI and 3GPP, we convert and optimize the program to make it run in real time using the C compiler and assembly language. It is verified that the decoded result of the implemented speech codec on the DSP is identical with the PC simulation result using ANSI C code for test sequences. Also, actual sound input/output test using microphone and speaker demonstrates its proper real-time operation without distortions or delays.

• 약학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2015

In this study, we examined the effect of acacetin on the apoptosis induction of HeLa human cervical cancer cells. The results showed that acacetin inhibited the cell viability and induced apoptosis, leading to PARP cleavage and activation of caspase-9, -3, and -7. Moreover, acacetin-induced apoptosis was attenuated by a broad caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. Also, acacetin resulted in a loss of mitochondria membrane potential. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the induction of apoptosis by acacetin in HeLa cells is associated with caspase activation via the mitochondria pathway.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2007

In this paper, we developed not only a reliable sound localization system including a VAD(Voice Activity Detection) component using three microphones but also a face tracking system using a vision camera. Moreover, we proposed a way to integrate three systems in the human-robot interaction to compensate errors in the localization of a speaker and to reject unnecessary speech or noise signals entering from undesired directions effectively. For the purpose of verifying our system's performances, we installed the proposed audio-visual system in a prototype robot, called IROBAA(Intelligent ROBot for Active Audition), and demonstrated how to integrate the audio-visual system.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.451-453
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• 2009

This letter proposes the use of vowel sound detection for voice activity detection. Vowels have distinctive spectral peaks. These are likely to remain higher than their surroundings even after severe corruption. Therefore, by developing a method of detecting the spectral peaks of vowel sounds in corrupted signals, voice activity can be detected as well even in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm performs reliably under various noise and low SNR conditions. This method is suitable for mobile environments where the characteristics of noise may not be known in advance.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2020

Adenine, a purine base, is a structural component of essential biomolecules such as nucleic acids and adenine nucleotides. Its physiological roles have been uncovered. Adenine suppresses IgE-mediated allergy and LPS-induced inflammation. Although adenine is known to inhibit lymphocyte proliferation, the effect of adenine to melamoma cells is not reported. Here, we investigated the growth inhibitory effects of adenine on B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells. Adenine suppressed the proliferation of B16-F10 cells in dose-dependent manner with the maximal inhibitory dose of 2 mM. Adenine treatment induced cell death molecular markers such as PARP and caspase 3 cleavages. Pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD dramatically rescued the cell death molecular markers, cell proliferation recovered marginally. These results provide the possibility of adenine to be used as an anti-tumor agent.