• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-204
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• 2010

The goal of this study was to develop a high-rise hog building(HRHB) for growing-fattening stages. HRHB was two story building and was suitable for specific environment in Korea. Manure was treated in a first floor and pigs were raised on the slatted second floor. Three ventilation systems - 1) duct inlet to wall exhaust system(V1), 2) eave inlet to wall exhaust system(V2), and 3) ceiling inlet to wall exhaust system(V3) - were used. This experiment was conducted during winter and from summer to fall. Air temperature, air speed, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide in HRHB, and swine growth rate were measured. During winter, air temperature in V1 system tended to be slightly high without any effect of outside air temperature. Maximum temperature from summer to fall was between 33.4 and $33.8^{\circ}C$ and there was no significant difference among systems. Continuously measured daily temperature was lower in V2 system than other systems and the fluctuation of air temperature was high. Air speed in V1 and V2 systems were similar (0.02~0.21 m/s), and was 0.04~0.15 m/s in V3 during winter. From summer to fall, air speed in V1, V2, and V3 systems were 0.10~0.41 m/s, 0.10~0.83 m/s, and 0.11~0.26 m/s, respectively. V2 system showed bigger fluctuation of air speed than other systems. During winter, the highest concentrations of ammonia in V1, V2, and V3 systems were 7.0, 3.5, and 8.7 ppm, respectively. Hydrogen sulfide was not detected. The highest concentrations of ammonia from summer to winter in V1, V2, and V3 systems were 6.1, 2.8, and 5.6 ppm, respectively. Swine growth showed no statistical significance among systems. However, daily weight gain was approximately 4% higher in V1 and V3 than in V2. Feed intake/daily weight gain was approximately 4% higher in V1 than other systems. From summer to fall, daily weight gain in V1 and V3 tended to approximately 3% higher than other systems, and feed intake/daily weight gain was approximately 2% higher in V1 than other systems. Hence, V2 system for the ventilation system of HRHB should not be utilized.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.403-407
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• 1997

Medium components for maximum activity of NAD$^{+}$-dependent formate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.2; FDH) were optimized with a methanol-assimilating yeast Hansenula sp. MS-364, preserved by our laboratory. The maximum activity of the enzyme was obtained when the strain was cultivated at 30$circ$C for 24 hours in a medium containing methanol 3%(v/v), yeast extract 0.8%(w/v), K$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$, 0.1%(w/v), KH$_{2}$PO$_{4}$ 0.1%(W/V), MgSO$_{4}$, 7H$_{2}$O 0.05%(w/v), and the pH of the culture broth was adjusted at 5.0.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11c
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• pp.138-140
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• 2007

$TiO_2-V_2O_5$ sol was fabricated using sol-gel method and $TiO_2-V_2O_5$ thin films were fabricated using dip-coating method. $V_2O_5$ sol was added 0.01mo1e, 0.03mo1e, 0.05mo1e into $TiO_2$ sol. Viscosity of sol increased fast from about 1,000 minutes and sol began gelation from about 10,000 minutes. As a results of crystalline properties, $V_2O_5$ peaks were not found despite of $V_2O_5$ addition. Endothermic reaction occurred due to evaporation of solvent and dissociation of OH at $80^{\circ}C$. Exothermic reaction occurred due to combustion and oxidation of solvent at $230^{\circ}C$, occurred to combustion and oxidation of alkyl group at $350^{\circ}C$. Thickness of thin films increased $0.1{\sim}0.25{\mu}m$ every a dipping.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.126-129
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• 2006

We investigated an optimized condition of the capacitor threshold voltage implantation(capacitor $V_T$ Implant) in planar P-MOS DRAM Cell. Several samples with different condition of the capacitor $V_T$ Implant were prepared. It appeared that for the capacitor $V_T$ Implant of $BF_2\;2.0{\times}l0^{13}\;cm^{-2}$ 15 KeV, refresh time is three times larger than that of the sample, in which capacitor $V_T$ Implant is in $BF_2\;1.0{\times}l0^{13}\;cm^{-2}$ 15 KeV. Raphael simulation revealed that the lowed maximum electric field and lowed minimum depletion capacitance ($C_{MIN}$) under the capacitor resulted in well refresh characteristics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.507-510
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research and developV$_2$O$_{5}$-SP270 composite electrode for supercapacitor. Property of an electrical double layer capacitor depend both on the technique used to prepare the electrode and on the current collector structure. The study is to research that V$_2$O$_{5}$-carbon composite electrode for supercapacitor with different voltage range. Suprcapacitor cell of V$_2$O$_{5}$-SP270 composite electrode with 25PVDFLiC1O$_4$PC$_{10}$ polymer electrolyte bring out good capacitor performance below 3V. The discharge capacitance of SP270 in 1st cycles was 13F/g at 0.1mA/cm$^2$, 3V. We performed cycle voltammogram, charge/discharge property.y.rty.y.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.384-388
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• 1987

Modified Bloch equations were used to simulate the solution EPR spectra of mixed-valence heteropolyanions containing vanadium(IV) and vanadium(V). Simulated are the 15-, 22-, 36- and 43-line spectra of $\alpha$-1,2-$[PV(IV)VW_{10})O_{40}]^{6-},\;[P_2V(IV)V_2W_{15}O_{62}]^{10-},\;[HP_2V(IV)V_2W_{15}O_{62}]^{9-}$ and $\alpha$-1,2,3-$[HSiV(IV)V_2W_9O_{40}]^{7-}$, respectively. The transition probabilities for the intramolecular electron transfer were determined from the simulations.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2020

To develop the bright-vivid red- and yellow-inorganic fluorescent pigments with high luminescence properties, A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) and Cs₂V₄O₁₁ inorganic pigments were synthesized by a water assisted solid state reaction (WASSR) method and a conventional solid state reaction method. Although impurity peaks corresponding to the AVO₃ and AV₃O₈ (A = K, Rb, and Cs) were observed in all samples prepared, the trigonal structure A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) and orthorhombic structure Cs₂V₄O₁₁ were successfully obtained as a main phase. These inorganic pigments showed the broad absorption band (under 550 nm) originated from CT transitions of VO₄ polyhedron, and the strong broad red- and green-emission bands due to ³T₂ → ¹A₁ and ³T₁ → ¹A₁ transitions of the [VO₄]^3- group. The A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) and Cs₂V₄O₁₁ pigments showed a bright-vivid red- and yellow-body color, where the a* values of the A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) were +35.5 and +45.9, respectively, and b* value of Cs₂V₄O₁₁ pigments was +50.3. The L* values of the A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) and Cs₂V₄O₁₁ inorganic pigments were over +45. These results indicate that the A₃V₅O₁₄ (A = K and Rb) and Cs₂V₄O₁₁ inorganic pigments could be an attractive candidate as a bright-vivid red- and yellow inorganic pigments.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.48-53
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• 2020

This paper describes in work which is currently underway to the minimum safety performance requirements and test methods of V2V based on IEEE 802.11p in vehicle level like below. - The ranges and positions at static and driving condition of vehicle for BSM (Basic safety message) - Various road conditions such as straight road, crossroad, slope-way Based on this study, We will define the minimum safety performance requirements and test methods of V2V in vehicle considering various road conditions.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.199-207
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• 2023

To prepare for the threat of a future epidemic in the post-COVID-19 era, research based on the one-health concept (i.e., the health of humans, animals, and the environment as "one") is essential. Cross-species infections are being identified as a result of the high infection rate and viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in humans. The possibility of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to mink has been determined. In addition, the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to cats through contact has been considered possible. The data so far show that livestock and poultry are less likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, if infections are established through a new mutation, the resulting diseases are expected to have enormous ripple effects on various fields, such as human food security, the economy, and trade. In addition, there are concerns about the endemic prospect of SARS-CoV-2 and the high accessibility of companion animals. This is because the evolution of the virus likely occurs in animal hosts. Once SARS-CoV-2 is established in other species, they might serve as intermediate hosts for the re-emergence of the virus in the human population. Thus, it is necessary to ensure a rapid response to future outbreaks by accumulating research data on the animal infection of SARS-CoV-2. These data can have implications for the development of animal models for vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, in this study, epidemiological reviews were analyzed, and response strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals were presented using the One-health approach.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.330-337
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• 2018

This paper proposes a technique to analyze the flatness characteristics of the attenuator at 10Hz to $50\text\tiny{MHz}$ on the basis of $1\text\tiny{kHz}$ using a Thermal Voltage Converter and AC measurement standard. In the proposed technique, the input voltage of the attenuator for each measuring frequency is supplied at the same rate as $1\text\tiny{kHz}$ using TVC, and the flatness characteristics of the attenuator are analyzed by the voltage variation indicated in the AC measurement standard. The results of the analysis of the attenuator flatness characteristics show that the maximum uncertainty of $866{\mu}V/V$ can be measured from $10\text\tiny{dB}$ to $70\text\tiny{dB}$ and the uncertainty is reduced by about 37% compared to $2.31\text\tiny{mV}$/V using the network measurement method. The improved attenuator flatness characteristic values can be applied to the frequency flatness calibration from 2.2V to 2.2mV at the low voltage of the AC measurement standard.