• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2020

2019년 11월, 국내의 뱀장어 양식장에서 양식 중이던 뱀장어가 피부궤양 및 피부의 점상출혈 소견을 보이며 지속적으로 폐사하였다. 일련의 폐사는 2019년 11월부터 12월까지 지속되었다. Vibrio 속 균주 1E1-2는 첫 번째 폐사 사례에서 폐사한 뱀장어의 출혈성 복수에서 분리되었고 균주 2A3-1는 두 번째 폐사 사례에서 폐사한 뱀장어의 복수에서 분리되었으며 균주 3K1-2는 세 번째 폐사 사례에서 폐사한 뱀장어의 신장에서 분리되었다. 16S rRNA gene 시퀀스 분석으로, 분리균주 1E1-2와 3K1-2가 V. fluvialis NBRC 103150T와 가장 높은 유사도를 나타내며 V. fluvialis로 동정되었으며, 균주 2A3-1는 V. plantisponsor NBRC103148T와 가장 높은 유사도를 나타내며 V. plantisponsor로 확인되었다. 항생제 감수성 실험 결과로, V. fluvialis 1E1-2는 tetracycline과 chloramphenicol에 대하여 중등도의 감수성을 보였고 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole에 대하여 내성을 나타내었다. V. plantisponsor 2A3-1는 ciprofloxacin과 levofloxacin에 대하여 중등도의 감수성을 나타내었고 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole에 대하여 내성을 나타내었다. V. fluvialis 3K1-2는 tetracycline에 대하여 중등도의 감수성을 나타내었고 ampicillin과 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole에 대하여 내성을 나타내었다. 이는 국내 양식 뱀장어에서의 항생제 내성 비브리오 감염증 사례로, 의미 깊은 보고라고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제24권1_2호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2007

Let G(V, E) be a simple graph, and let f be an integer function on V with $1{\leq}f(v){\leq}d(v)$ to each vertex $v{\in}V$. An f-edge cover-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of edge set E such that each color appears at each vertex $v{\in}V$ at least f(v) times. The f-edge cover chromatic index of G, denoted by ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, is the maximum number of colors such that an f-edge cover-coloring of G exists. Any simple graph G has an f-edge cover chromatic index equal to ${\delta}_f\;or\;{\delta}_f-1,\;where\;{\delta}_f{=}^{min}_{v{\in}V}\{\lfloor\frac{d(v)}{f(v)}\rfloor\}$. Let G be a connected and not complete graph with ${\chi}'_{fc}(G)={\delta}_f-1$, if for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$, we have ${\chi}'_{fc}(G+e)>{\chi}'_{fc}(G)$, then G is called an f-edge covered critical graph. In this paper, some properties on f-edge covered critical graph are discussed. It is proved that if G is an f-edge covered critical graph, then for each $u,\;v{\in}V\;and\;e=uv{\nin}E$ there exists $w{\in}\{u,v\}\;with\;d(w)\leq{\delta}_f(f(w)+1)-2$ such that w is adjacent to at least $d(w)-{\delta}_f+1$ vertices which are all ${\delta}_f-vertex$ in G.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

We introduce the concepts of (${\mathcal{T}}^{{\mu}{\gamma}},{\mathcal{U}}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$)-double (r, s)(u, v)-preclosures and (${\mathcal{T}}^{{\mu}{\gamma}},{\mathcal{U}}^{{\mu}{\gamma}}$)-double (r, s)(u, v)-preinteriors. Using the notions, we investigate some of characteristic properties of double pairwise (r, s)(u, v)-precontinuous mappings.

• TTA 저널
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• 통권87호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2003

TTA(한국정보통신기술 협회)는 2003년 4월 7일 품질 인증제품으로 연희정보통신㈜의''상·하수도 범용/UFCom v 1.0'', ㈜뉴테크웨이브의 ''VirusChaser v 5.0''등 2개의 제품에 대하여 Good Software 마크를 발급하였다. 그리고 2003년 4월 30일에 ㈜웨어밸리의''Orange for ORACLE v 2.2'', ㈜테크다임의''Techdigm Office v 2.0'', ㈜엔지스 테크널러지의''G-Solution Waterworks/Sewerage v 1.0'', 삼성에스디에스㈜의''uniCITY Standard v 1.0'', ''uniCITY Enterprise v 1.0''등 5개의 제품에 대하여 Good Software 마크를 발급하였다. 본 고에서는 상기의 인증 획득한 제품에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.168-175
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• 2023

Tramadol is an opioid analog used to treat chronic and acute pain. Intradermal injections of tramadol at hundreds of millimoles have been shown to produce a local anesthetic effect. We used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in this study to investigate whether tramadol blocks the sodium current in HEK293 cells, which stably express the pain threshold sodium channel Na_v1.7 or the cardiac sodium channel Na_v1.5. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of tramadol was 0.73 mM for Na_v1.7 and 0.43 mM for Na_v1.5 at a holding potential of -100 mV. The blocking effects of tramadol were completely reversible. Tramadol shifted the steady-state inactivation curves of Na_v1.7 and Na_v1.5 toward hyperpolarization. Tramadol also slowed the recovery rate from the inactivation of Na_v1.7 and Na_v1.5 and induced stronger use-dependent inhibition. Because the mean plasma concentration of tramadol upon oral administration is lower than its mean blocking concentration of sodium channels in this study, it is unlikely that tramadol in plasma will have an analgesic effect by blocking Na_v1.7 or show cardiotoxicity by blocking Na_v1.5. However, tramadol could act as a local anesthetic when used at a concentration of several hundred millimoles by intradermal injection and as an antiarrhythmic when injected intravenously at a similar dose, as does lidocaine.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.523-526
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• 2016

This paper was researched about 1,200 V level floating island IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor). Presently, 1,200 V level IGBT is used in Inverter for distributed power generation. We analyzed and compared electrical charateristics of the proposed floating island IGBT and conventional IGBT. For analyzing and comparison, we used T-CAD tool and simulated the electrical charateristics of the devices. And we extracted optimal design and process parameter of the devices. As a result of experiments, we obtained 1,456 V and 1,459 V of breakdown voltages, respectively. And we obatined 4.06 V and 4.09 V of threshold voltages, respectively. On the other hand, on-state voltage drop of floating island IGBT was 3.75 V. but on-state vlotage drop of the conventional IGBT was 4.65 V. Therefore, we almost knew that the proposed floating island IGBT was superior than the conventional IGBT in terms of power dissipation.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 30 nm 채널 길이와 5 nm의 채널 반지름을 갖는 실리콘 기반의 나노와이어 MOSFET의 고주파 모델링을 다루고 있다. 3차원 소자 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 실리콘 나노와이어 MOSFET의 Y-parameter와 Z-parameter를 100 GHz까지 확보하였으며 이를 이용하여 모델 파라미터에 필요한 수식을 구하였다. 모델과 파라미터 추출 수식을 이용하여 회로 검증용 tool인 HSPICE에 의하여 검증이 이루어졌으며 quasi-static 기반의 고주파 모델이 100 GHz의 높은 주파수까지도 소자의 특성을 정확히 예측함을 확인하였다. 모델 검증은 MOSFET의 포화 영역 ($V_{gs}$ = $_{ds}$ = 1 V)과 선형 영역 ($V_{gs}$ = 1 V, $V_{ds}$ = 0.5 V)의 바이어스 조건에서 이루어졌으며 두 바이어스 조건에서의 Y-parameter에 대한 모델의 오차는 약 1 %로 매우 작은 값을 보여 준다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.471-482
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• 1995

Using the acetate velvet and viscose velvet whose pile lengths were sheared as 1.45, 1.55, 1 65, 1.75, 1.85, 1.90mm under the condition equating the weaving process of ground fabric, the conclusions were as follows through the results of the sensory assessments estimated by women students in our university and the physical properties, H. V and T. H. V obtained by KES-F system. 1. In the sensory assessments estimated by the method of paired comparison and ranking of samples, the longer pile length was, the more the hand values of smoothness, softness, thickness, heaviness increased on the whole. 2. The H V. and T. H. V. measured by KES-F system were as follows; Kohi increased to pile length 1.85mm and then decreased a little at 1.90mm. hummer increased as pile length was longer. Fukurami increased to pile length 1.75mm and then decreased gradually as pile length was longer. Total hand value increased gradually from 1. 45mm to 1.85mm, had the top value at 1.85mm, and then decreased a little at 1.90mm. 3. In the results of summarizing $\ulcorner$the physical properties correlated closely with the H. V obtained by sensory assessments$\lrcorner$ and tithe Physical properties correlated closely with the H. V. and T. H. V obtained by KES-F systems, it showed that all the sensory properties correlated closely with compressive energy, flexural rigidity, thickness, weight and pile ratio in the former and that the physical properties correlated closely with each H V and T. H. V were different in the latter. 4. It showed that factor 1 was related to compressive energy, thickness, weight, pile ratio, factor 2 was related to recovery energy, compressive resilience, compressive index, and factor 3 was related to compressive recovery ratio in the result of factor analysis. 5. In the multiple repression analysis, the expressions of all sensory properties had compressive ratio, frictional coefficient in the regression expressions of $\ulcorner$H. V. obtained by sensory assessments$\lrcorner$, while the expressions of each H. V. and different physical properties in the regression expressions of $\ulcorner$H. V. obtained by KES-F system$\lrcorner$.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.222-227
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• 1992

소량의 $V_2O_5$ 첨가가 Mn-Zn 훼라이트의 치밀화, 미세조직 및 자기적 성질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 최대밀도는 0.1 wt% $V_2O_5$ 첨가시 관측되며, $V_2O_5$ 첨가는 불균일입자성장을 억제하는 것으로 확인되었다. 초투자율은 0.1 wt% $V_2O_5$ 첨가시 최대값을 나타내었고, 손실은 0.03 wt% $V_2O_5$ 첨가시 최소값을 나타내었다. 소량의 $V_2O_5$ 는 Mn-Zn 훼라이트에 고용되지만, 일정량 이상이 되면 2차상을 형성하여 입계에 편석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2007

A signed 3-partite graph is a 3-partite graph in which each edge is assigned a positive or a negative sign. Let G(U, V, W) be a signed 3-partite graph with $U\;=\;\{u_1,\;u_2,\;{\cdots},\;u_p\},\;V\;=\;\{v_1,\;v_2,\;{\cdots},\;v_q\}\;and\;W\;=\;\{w_1,\;w_2,\;{\cdots},\;w_r\}$. Then, signed degree of $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$ is $sdeg(u_i)\;=\;d_i\;=\;d^+_i\;-\;d^-_i,\;1\;{\leq}\;i\;{\leq}\;p\;(sdeg(v_j)\;=\;e_j\;=\;e^+_j\;-\;e^-_j,\;1\;{\leq}\;j\;{\leq}q$ and $sdeg(w_k)\;=\;f_k\;=\;f^+_k\;-\;f^-_k,\;1\;{\leq}\;k\;{\leq}\;r)$ where $d^+_i(e^+_j\;and\;f^+_k)$ is the number of positive edges incident with $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$ and $d^-_i(e^-_j\;and\;f^-_k)$ is the number of negative edges incident with $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$. The sequences ${\alpha}\;=\;[d_1,\;d_2,\;{\cdots},\;d_p],\;{\beta}\;=\;[e_1,\;e_2,\;{\cdots},\;e_q]$ and ${\gamma}\;=\;[f_1,\;f_2,\;{\cdots},\;f_r]$ are called the signed degree sequences of G(U, V, W). In this paper, we characterize the signed degree sequences of signed 3-partite graphs.