• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.145-167
• /
• 2007

Digital goods are defined as intangible and non-physical goods, composed of a combination of digital signals, electronically represented as 0 and 1. They are also called as digital products, electronic transmissions, information goods, digital contents, computer information, etc. Digital goods are now traded both domestically and internationally as well as on-line and off-line. Korean government revised the Basic Law on Foreign Trade to include digital goods and services as the scope of foreign trade in 2001. Trade volume of digital goods are increasing in Korea. The supply chains of digital goods from producing the components to selling globally to consumers are different from conventional physical goods. Mostly, digital goods are traded on the license basis rather than ownership contract. End User License Agreements(EULAs), such as shrink-wrap, click- wrap, or browser-wrap licenses are very popular in online transactions. Unlike conventional physical goods. the breach of license contract is closely linked with the infringement of intellectual property rights. Digitalized intellectual property is easy to copy and transmit in the cyber space. In cases of legal disputes from the breach of license contract, commercial arbitration or on-line alternative dispute resolutions(ADRs) are regarded as better approach to solve them rather than court sues. For promoting more secure and reliable international trade of digital goods. arbitration clauses should be included in most of license contracts.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.283-288
• /
• 2009

Semantic service can be defined as the service providing search API or reasoning API based on ontology and Web Services. It performs a pre-defined task by exploiting URI, classes, and properties. This study introduces a semantic service composition method based on a semantic broker referring ontology and management information of semantic services stored in a semantic service manager with requirements of the user. The requirements consist of input instances, an output class, a visualization type, semantic service names, and property names. This composition method provides dynamically generated semantic service pipelines including composit semantic services. The user can execute the pipelines provided by the semantic broker to find a meaningful semantic pipeline. After all, this study contributes to develop a system supporting human service planners who want to find composit semantic services among distributed semantic services.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.06a
• /
• pp.371-374
• /
• 2002

The optimal AP placement for wireless LAN is important factor for improving service quality and reducing cost. Logical area property, which is user's frequently posed place, must be considerated for flexible design. This paper proposes optimal multiple AP placement method based on path loss model which is one of radio prediction tool. The proposed method can got flexibility in multiple AP placement using user's defined parameter and tile optimization design uses Hopfield network algorithm The result of simulation shows that the proposed optimization design of multiple AP placement can improve service quality for wireless LAN.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.1 no.3
• /
• pp.182-188
• /
• 1999

The optimal joint maximum-likelihood sequence estima-for using an array of antennas is derived for synchronous direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Each user employs a rate 1/n convolutional code for channel coding for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The array re-ceiver structure is composed of beamformers in the users' direc-tions followed by a bank of matched filters. The decoder is imple-mented using a Viterbi algorithm whose states depend on the num-ber of users and the constraint length of the convolutional code. The asymptotic array multiuser coding gain(AAMCG)is defined to encompass the asymptotic multiuser coding gain and the spatial information on users' locations in the system. We derive the upper and lower bounds of the AAMCG. As an example, the upper and lower bounds of AAMCG are obtained for the two user case where each user employes the maximum free distance convolutional code with rate 1/2. The enar-far resistance property is also investigated considering the number of antenna elements and user separations in the space.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.307-312
• /
• 2017

In this study, we proposed a method to generate a maintenance documents for railway track through Construction Operations Building information exchange(COBie) which is a subset of Industry Foundation Classes(IFC), a data model for Building Information Modeling(BIM). In order to define the items necessary for railway track maintenance document generation, we analyzed the guideline of maintenance and management to track by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport(MLTM), and defined the way to refer to the information items in the COBie spreadsheet. The additional properties not supported in IFC, were created for generation of an Information model that reflecting maintenance information items of railway track by applying user-defined property set within the IFC framework. An IFC-based Information model reflecting the user-defined property was implemented through BIM software, and rail track maintenance information items were transferred to COBie spreadsheet according to the defined approach. It is tested that the information can be transferred from the IFC-based as-built model to the COBie spreadsheet, which can be used to generate the necessary documents for railway facility maintenance work.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.73 no.1
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2020

The present work describes a new time marching procedure for structural dynamics analyses. In this novel technique, time integration parameters are automatically evaluated according to the properties of the model. Such parameters are locally defined, allowing the user to input a numerical dissipation property for each element, which defines the amount of numerical dissipation to be introduced. Since the integration parameters are locally defined as a function of the structural element itself, the time marching technique adapts according to the model, providing enhanced accuracy. The new methodology is based on displacement-velocity relations and no computation of accelerations is required. Furthermore, the method is second order accurate, it has guaranteed stability, it is truly self-starting and it allows highly controllable algorithm dissipation in the higher modes. Numerical results are presented and compared to those provided by the Newmark and the Bathe methods, illustrating the good performance of the new time marching procedure.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2004

It is difficult to find an appropriate web site because exponentially growing web contains millions of web documents. Personalization of web search can be realized by recommending proper web sites using user profile but more efficient method is needed for estimating preference because user's evaluation on web contents presents many aspects of his characteristics. As user profile has a property of non-linearity, estimation by classifier is needed and combination of classifiers is necessary to anticipate diverse properties. Structure adaptive self-organizing map (SASOM) that is suitable for Pattern classification and visualization is an enhanced model of SOM and might be useful for web mining. Fuzzy integral is a combination method using classifiers' relevance that is defined subjectively. In this paper, estimation of user profile is conducted by using ensemble of SASOM's teamed independently based on fuzzy integral and evaluated by Syskill ＆ Webert UCI benchmark data. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than previous naive Bayes classifier as well as voting of SASOM's.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.307-314
• /
• 2012

IFC-based representation method of part library for superstructure module of modular steel bridge is proposed. The library is capable of efficiently offering and exchanging part information in process of manufacture, assembly, design, and construction of modular steel bridge. Entities, representing physical part information in IFC model, are matched semantically with parts of the superstructure module for representation of part information with IFC model. Either types of matched entities are applied in order to verify the role of each part, or new types are defined as a user-defined types. In addition, assembly system has been classified and defined into 4 levels of LoD(Level of Detail) to provide appropriate part information efficiently from the part library in each step of the process. Then, new property is defined for representing the LoD information with IFC Model. Finally, IFC-based test library of modular steel bridge is generated by applying the matched entities and entity types to the actual the superstructure module of modular steel bridge.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.165-178
• /
• 2017

O2O platforms are developing in a business area of daily life with evolution of IT technology. The aim of this research is to identify any quality factor of online and offline which affects the satisfaction of O2O service by business characteristic and to varify the relationship between service satisfaction and reuse intention. In this study, information quality, system quality and service quality are defined as factors for online quality and perceived quality and perceived price defined as offline quality. This study was conducted on 199 users who use O2O service. The results showed that online quality system and perceived price of offline quality had a positive effect on user satisfaction and that user satisfaction had a positive effect on Intention to Reuse. These results will provide guidelines for O2O service providers to improve their online services and to select an offline vendor for the O2O platform. It would provide customized O2O service according to personal property of a customer, in case that further research by types of business or service, which are not covered this paper.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.10
• /
• pp.32-39
• /
• 2009

Semantically-operated services, which is different from Web services or semantic Web services with semantic markup, can be defined as the services providing search function or reasoning function using ontologies. It performs a pre-defined task by exploiting URI, ontology classes, and ontology properties. This study introduces a method for pipelining semantically-operated services based on a semantic broker which refers to ontologies and service description stored in a service manager and invokes by user constraints. The constraints consist of input instances, an output class, a visualization type, service names, and properties. This method provides automatically-generated service pipelines including composit services and a simple workflow to the user. The pipelines provided by the semantic broker can be executed in a fully-automatic manner to find a set of meaningful semantic pipelines. After all, this study would epochally contribute to develop a portal service by ways of supporting human service planners who want to find specific composit services pipelined from distributed semantically-operated services.