• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2016

Purpose: This study reviewed what the location of death (LOD) means as an outcome and how to use LOD to assess end-of-life (EOL) care. This study also examined the reason why LOD is significant for the quality of EOL care. Methods: A literature review was performed, using LODs and home deaths as outcomes in the field of EOL care, and analyzed the findings associated with key fields in regards to LOD. Results: Palliative care research used LOD, in particular, hospital death (versus home death) as a significant outcome when examining cost savings, quality of life care, and patient and family preferences. Based on substantial evidence from previous research, home hospice or continuous palliative care in non-hospital settings (i.e. homes, nursing homes) have been designed and available for dying patients in developed countries. Conclusion: The LOD delivers practical significance as an outcome for diverse reasons. In-depth examination on LOD in South Korea is needed despite limitations to interpretation of its meaning in the country.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.127-146
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• 2004

While 'Computer self-efficacy' is widely studied In the social science field with regard to the training effectiveness, little research has focused on clarifying the role of 'needs' in relation to self-efficacy and outcome expectations. in this regard, this study investigated the effects of 'needs to learn computer shills,' extending the social cognitive theory. A survey instrument was adopted and modified from previous studies to measure behavioral modeling, prior experience, Perceived computer self-efficacy, Perceived needs to learn computer skills and outcome expectations. A total of 209 practitioners were surveyed in this study. As a result, most part of the social cognitive theory was again Proven to be effective, and the 'needs to learn computer skills' was proven to be significant as a moderating variable between computer self-efficacy and outcome expectations. Implications of the research were discussed, and further studies were suggested at the end.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.5
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• pp.345-371
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined the effects of training on user satisfaction, productivity, performance, and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptual models to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experiment to understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions ;; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage ; and self-efficacy was positively related to perceived behavioral control. The hands-on training for the experimental group led to increases in perceived ease of use, self-efficacy and perceived behavioral control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.29-48
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined theeffects of training, on user satisfaction, productivity, performance and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptural model to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experimentto understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university's electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions ; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage ; and self-efficacy was positively related to perceived behavioral control. Thd hands-on training for the experimental group led to increases in perceived ease of use, self-efficacy and perceived behaviroal control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aims to compare quality indicators for the hemodialysis services between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Methods: This study used data from sampled hospitals that provided a hemodialysis service. A total of 2287 patients were selected, and the information for hemodialysis service has been granted from medical record reviews. A multi-level regression analysis was used to examine the differences in process and outcome indicators for hemodialysis between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Process indicators were defined as: frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, erythropoietin (EPO) use, measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, and measurement of albumin at least once every three months. Outcome indicators were defined as: hemodialysis adequacy, anemia management, blood pressure management, and calcium, phosphate and nutrition management. The total scores for outcome indicators ranged from 0 (worst) to 4 (best). Results: There was a significant difference in the measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid (OR 0.66, 95% CI = 0.43 - 0.99). However, frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, EPO use, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, measurement of albumin at least once every three months, hemodialysis adequacy management, Hb${\geq}$11 g/dL, blood pressure within the range of 100-140 /60-90 mmHg, calcium x phosphate${\leq}$55 $g^2/dL^2$ and albumin${\geq}$4 g/dL were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in outcome indicators for hemodialysis between the groups. Further studies are warranted into the mechanism that results in no differences in the outcome indicators for hemodialysis.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.303-317
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop a framework for predicting searching performance through an understanding of how cognitive ability relates to searching process and outcome. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between spatial visualization, logical reasoning, integrative reasoning, and information searching process and outcome. Information searching process was assessed by seven search process indicators: (1) search command selection: (2) combination of search commands; (3) application of Boolean logic: (4) application of truncation; (5) use of limit search function; (6) number of search statements; and (7) number of search errors made. Searching outcome was assessed by the number of correct answers to search questions. Subjects first took three standardized cognitive tests that measured cognitive abilities, and performed online catalog searching in response to seven information search questions. The searches were logged using Lotus ScreenCam, and reviewed for the analysis. Factor analysis was used to find underlying structures of the seven search process variables. Multiple regression analysis was applied to examine the predictive power of three cognitive variables on three extracted factors, and search outcome. Results of the data analysis showed that individual differences in logical reasoning could predict information searching process and outcome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.134-152
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• 1993

Many business forecasting problems are characterized by infrequent occurences, a large number of variables, presence of error, and great complexity. Because no forecasting models and tools are effective in handing these problems, managers often use the outcomes of past analogous cases to predict the outcome of the current one. They (1) observe significant attributes in describing a case, (2) identify the past cases similar in these attributes to the current case, and (3) predict the outcome of the current case based on those of the analogous cases identified through some mental simulation and adjustment. This process of forecasting can be termed forecasting-by-analogy. In spite of fairly frequent use of this forecasting process in practice, however, if has not been recognized as a primary forecasting tool, nor applied on a regular basis. In this paper, by automatizing this process using computer models, we develop a case-based forecasting system(CBFS), which identifies relevant cases and applies their outcomes to generate a forecast. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the CBFS in terms of its accuracy in predicting the outcome of the current problem based on the similar cases identified. We compare the forecasting accuracy of the CBFS with that of regression models developed by stepwise procedure under varied simulated problem conditions. The CBFS outperforms regression models in most comparisons. The CBFS could be used as an effective forecasting tool.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.199-215
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• 1994

Many business forecasting problems are characterized by infrequent occurrences, a large number of variables, presence of error, and great complexity. Because no forecasting models and tools are effective in handing these problems, managers often use the outcomes of past analogous cases to predict the outcome of the current one. They (1) observe significant attributes in describing a case, (2) identify the past cases similar in these attributes to the current case, and (3) predict the outcome of the current case based on those of the analogous cases identified through some mental simulation and adjustment. This process of forecasting can be termed forecasting-by-analogy. In spite of fairly frequent use of this forecasting process in practice, however, it has not been recognized as a primary forecasting tool, nor applied on a regular basis. In this paper, by automatizing this process using computer models, we develop a case-based forecasting system (CBFS), which identifies relevant cases and applies their coutcomes to generate a forecast. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the CBFS in terms of its accuracy in predicting the outcome of the current problem based on the similar cases identified. We compare the forecasting accuracy of the CBFS with that of regression models developed by stepwise procedure under varied simulated problem conditions. The CBFS outperforms regression models in most comparisons. The CBFS could be used as an effective forecasting tool.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.29-48
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• 1996

Previous studies on user training have largely focused on assessing models which describe the determinants of information technology usage or examined the effects of training on user satisfaction, productivity, performance, and so on. Scant research efforts have been made, however, to examine those effects of training by using theoretical models. This study presented a conceptual model to predict intention to use information technology and conducted an experiment to understand how training for computer skill acquisition affects primary variables of the model. The data were obtained from 32 student subjects of an experimental group and 31 students of a control group, and the information technology employed for this study was a university's electronic mail system. The study results revealed that attitude toward usage and perceived behavioral control helped to predict user intentions; outcome expectations were positively related to attitude toward usage; and self - efficacy and perceived behavioral control. The changes in those variables suggest more causal effects of user training than other survey studies.

• Journal of Sleep Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2018

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in people with epilepsy (PWE), and confers medical and seizure-related consequences when untreated. Positive airway pressure, the gold-standard for OSA management, is limited by tolerability. As serotonin is involved respiratory control and amelioration of seizure-induced respiratory events, this study aims to determine whether serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) may represent a potential therapeutic option. Methods: A retrospective study of 100 PWE and OSA ${\geq}18$ years of age was conducted. The primary outcome measure was OSA severity as function of SRI use, with rapid eye movement (REM)-related OSA as a secondary outcome. Results: Older age and depression were more common in those taking an SRI. There was no association between SRIs and OSA severity. However, the SRI group was less likely to have REM-related OSA. Conclusions: In PWE and OSA, SRI use is associated with reduced risk of REM-related OSA, and may represent a potential management strategy.