• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.282-286
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• 1983

통조림 살균에서 에너지의 효율적인 사용을 위하여 열전달형태, 살균온도, 가공공관, 살균방법등의 요인에 따른 에너지 소비를 검토한 바 고온(高溫)에서 소형관형으로 살균할 때가 적은 에너지가 소비되고 있으며, 이러한 차이는 대류형(對流型) 열전달식품(熱傳達食品)보다 전도형(傳導型) 열전달식품(熱傳達食品)의 살균(殺菌)에 현저하였다. 열수살균으로는 증기살균에 비해 전도형 식품의 살균에 적은 에너지를 소비하였으나, 대류형 식품에서는 효과적이지 못하였다. 본 실험에서의 여러 조건별 에너지 소비 data는 현장에서의 에너지 소비예측, 에너지 사용설계 등의 여러목적에 적용될 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.604-612
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• 2012

대학은 그 자체로 거대 소비 주체일 뿐만 아니라 구성원 및 지역 주민의 생활 및 인식 전반에 큰 영향을 미친다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 대학교에서 발생하는 직접, 간접, 기타 온실가스 배출을 포함한 인벤토리를 구축하여 그 배출특성을 파악하고, 배출특성을 고려한 대학 내 온실가스 배출 저감방안을 수립하였다. 사례로 선정한 S대학교의 연간 $CO_2$ 배출량은 10,452 t-$CO_2$ (0.65 t-$CO_2/m^2$)이었고, 에너지원별로 전기 78.0%, 가스 20.5%, 석유류 1.5%에서 기인하고 있었다. 에너지의 사용목적에 따른 온실가스 배출량은 조명 18.6%, 동력 36.7%, 가스냉방 1.2%, 전기냉방 10.2%, 가스난방 18.9%, 전기난방 12.5%, 취사 급탕 0.4%, 수송 1.5%로 나타났다. 전기사용에 의한 단위면적당 및 학생 1인당 연간 $CO_2$ 배출량은 각각 51.30 kg-$CO_2/m^2$와 981.86 kg-$CO_2$/인으로 조사되었고, 가스사용에 의한 배출량은 14.61 kg-$CO_2/m^2$와 24.01 kg-$CO_2$/인으로 조사되었다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2015

Purpose: Apartment is a typical residential type in Korea. In the past, apartment types were very monotonous. But today, the types of complex are changed because personal needs have been diversified and personalized. In order to meet those needs, construction companies are constructing various types of apartments. The more apartment types are diverse, the more the energy problems are taken place. So, the purpose of this study is to solve the problem of energy gap in the same complex through improving the thermal transmittance of wall. Method: Heating energy consumption of Building Energy Efficiency Rating System and heating energy usage of apartment show a similar trend on the graph. In order to identify the best position of heating energy consumption difference reduction, we change the building's U-value of front, back, side walls. Result: In the A complex, maximum and minimum heating energy consumption building's shapes are flat. the best efficiency is side U-value change and the worst is front change. In the E complex, maximum heating energy consumption building's shape is tower and minimum building shape is flat. Consequently, the front and back wall performance change was little effect to reduce energy gap, while the change of side wall's U-value show the great reduction between building's energy consumptions.

• 한국건강관리협회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.84-96
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• 2005

Rice is the primary main dish of Traditional Korean diet. Although there have been changes in food consumption and nutrient intake among Koreans, traditional dietary pattern is stil dominant among Koreans. Traditional Korean diet has emphasized breakfast, which is the most frequently missed meals in Korea today but important for daily work performance and health. Compared to diets of the U.S. and Greece, Korean diet is high in carbohydrate and low in fat and cholesterol due to low intake of meat. Koreans also consume large amount of plant food, which makes fiber content of diet to be high. However fruit and milk consumption tends to be low in Korea. Koreans use fermented food, including kimchi, very frequently as well as foods cooked and consumed at high temperature and over direct fire. Traditional cooking methods are time consuming which limits the usage among modern city dwellers with working women. Despite the strengths of traditional Korean diets in reducing risk factors of chronic diseases, preservation of the tradition in modern Korean society requires special attention and efforts to make them more adaptable to contemporary life styles.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.723-727
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• 2015

Building energy use estimation relies on building characteristics, its energy systems, occupants, and weather. Energy estimation of new buildings is considerably an easy task when compared to modeling existing buildings as they require calibration with actual data. Particularly, when energy estimation of existing building stock is warranted at a city-scale, the problem is exacerbated owing to lack of construction drawings and other engineering specifications. However, as collection of buildings and other infrastructure constitute cities, such predictions are a necessary component of developing and maintaining sustainable cities. This paper uses Artificial Neural Network techniques to predict electricity consumption for residential buildings situated in the City of Gainesville, Florida. With the use of 32,813 samples of data vectors that comprise of building floor area, built year, number of stories, and range of monthly energy consumption, this paper extends the prediction to environmental impact assessment of electricity usage at the urban-scale. Among others, one of the applications of the proposed model discussed in this paper is the study of urban scale Life Cycle Assessment, and other decisions related to creating sustainable cities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.4320-4333
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• 2017

Energy-efficient virtual resource allocation algorithm has become a hot research topic in cloud computing. However, most of the existing allocation schemes cannot ensure each type of resource be fully utilized. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a virtual machine (VM) allocation algorithm on the basis of multi-dimensional resource, considering the diversity of user's requests. First, we analyze the usage of each dimension resource of physical machines (PMs) and build a D-dimensional resource state model. Second, we introduce an energy-resource state metric (PAR) and then propose an energy-aware multi-dimensional resource allocation algorithm called MRBEA to allocate resources according to the resource state and energy consumption of PMs. Third, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by real-world datasets. Experimental results show that MRBEA has a better performance in terms of energy consumption, SLA violations and the number of VM migrations.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2018

Solar energy depends on the altitude and azimuth of the sun, and the amount of energy collected on the slope depends on the latitude of the area being installed. However, since most solar heating systems are fixed to the ground, it is necessary to analyze the optimal installation angle from the early design stage. However, problems arise when energy consumption is not considered together because heating systems are not used in the summer In this study, the optimum installation angles of the solar collectors according to the latitude of the installation area are not simply determined by the amount of energy collected, but because the system is overheated due to climate change or energy usage patterns, And the amount of additional energy input.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2006

In this study, syngas which is reformed from fossil fuel and has hydrogen as a major component, was added to a gasoline engine to improve combustion stability and exhaust emissions of idle state. Syngas fraction of the total supplied fuel varied to 0 %, 25 %, 50 % with various ignition timing and excess air ratio. Combustion stability, exhaust emissions, fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature were measured to investigate the effects of syngas addition on idle performance. Results showed that syngas has ability to widely extend lean operation limit and ignition retard range with dramatical reduction of engine out emissions. It is supposed that the usage of syngas in the internal combustion engine is an effective solution to meet the future strict emission regulations.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2012

Currently, NAND Flash memory has been widely used in consumer storage devices due to its non-volatility, stability, economical feasibility, low power usage, durability, and high density. However, a high capacity of NAND flash memory causes the high power consumption and the low performance. In the convention memory research, a hierarchical filter mechanism can archive an effective performance improvement in terms of the power consumption. In order to attain the best filter structure for NAND flash memory, we selected a direct-mapped filter, a victim filter, a fully associative filter and a 4-way set associative filter for comparison in the performance analysis. According to the results of the simulation, the fully associative filter buffer with a 128byte fetching size can obtain the bet performance compared to another filter structures, and it can reduce the energy*delay product(EDP) by about 93% compared to the conventional NAND Flash memory.

• 인문언어
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• 제5권
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• pp.293-310
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• 2003

This study starts with a remark on the frequent usage of the term 'generation culture' in the explanations of cultural change. The term 'generation culture' itself does have neither a clear meaning nor any academic consensus for its operational definition yet. Depending on intuitions or common senses, in most cases, of everyday lift experience, the tends to designate the co-existence of different cultural layers as composing subsystems of a little broader Korean cultural trend. I tried here to analyze different positions and perspectives in the employment of this term, sometimes with strategic intentions of each social groups. Economic or political positions, for example, are intertwined with the quest of identification concerning 'we' and 'other' grouping dynamics in the Age of Globalization, which accelerates the speed of cultural re-territorialization. And the role of consumption activity as a kind of cultural indication has gained more weight in that process. This analysis will remind us, also, of the post-modem society's assumption about the space-and-time in transition, and its fluctuation.