• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.212-222
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• 1982

본(本) 연구자(硏究者)는 21세(歲)부터 25세(歲)까지의 건강(健康)한 여대생(女大生) 8명(名)을 대상(對象)으로 식이중(食餌中)의 단백질(蛋白質) 급원(給源)((동물성)(動物性)과 식물성(植物性) 단백질(蛋白質))을 달리했을 때 혈청중(血淸中)의 cholesterol 농도(濃度)와 triglyceride 농도(濃度) 및 24시간(時間) 뇨중(尿中)의 creatinine 농도(濃度)와 3-methylhistidine의 농도(濃度)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 살펴보았다. 조사대상자(調査對象者)들은 control diet와 meat diet와 textured soy protein (TSP) diet를 각(各) 3일씩 섭취(攝取)하였으며, 각(各) 식이(食餌)의 3일째 되는 날에는 24시간(時間) 뇨(尿)를 채취(採取)하였고, 4일째 되는 날 아침 식사(食事) 전에 채혈(採血)하여 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) 혈청(血淸) cholesterol 농도(濃度)는 meat diet 시에 control diet보다 현저(顯著)하게 증가(增加)하였으며 (P<0.05), TSP diet시에는 control diet 보다 현저(顯著)하게 감소(減少)하였고 (P<0.01) meat diet와 비교(比較)시에도 현저(顯著)하게 감소(減少)되었다(P<0.01). 2) 혈청(血淸) triglyceride 농도(濃度)는 meat diet 시에 control diet 보다 감소(減少) 되었으나, 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었고 meat diet와 비교(比較)시에는 현저(顯著)하게 감소(減少)되었다(P<0.01). 3) 뇨중(尿中)의 creatinine 농도(濃度)는 meat diet 시에 control diet보다 약간 증가(增加)했으나 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었다. TSP diet 시에는 control diet보다 약간 감소(減少)하였으나 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었고 meat diet와 비교(比較)시에는 현저(顯著)하게 감소(減少)되었다(P<0.05). 4) 뇨중(尿中)의 3-methylhistidine 농도(濃度)는 meat diet 시에 control diet보다 약간 증가(增加)했으나, 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었다. TSP diet 시에는 control diet보다 약간 감소(減少)하였으나 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었고 meat diet와 비교(比較)시에는 현저(顯著)하게 감소(減少)되었다 (P<0.05). 5) 3-methylhistidine가 creatinine의 비(比)는 control diet 보다 meat diet와 TSP diet 시에 약간 증가(增加)하였으나, 유의적(有意的)인 차이(差異)는 없었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2015

이 연구는 초등학생 15명을 대상으로 어린이에서 아말감 제거시 노출되는 수은에 따라 인체내 요중 수은 농도에 미치는 영향과 성별에 따라 요중 수은 농도의 관련성을 조사하고자 하였다. 연구대상자의 평균 요중 수은 농도는 초기 검진 시 $2.77{\mu}g$ Hg/g creatinine, 제거 직후 $2.75{\mu}g$ Hg/g creatinine, 제거 후 24시간 $2.95{\mu}g$ Hg/g creatinine, 제거 후 48시간 $4.00{\mu}g$ Hg/g creatinine으로 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 성별에 따라 남학생에 비해 여학생에서 요중 수은 농도가 초기 검진시 1.23배(0.65~2.33배), 아말감 제거 직후 2.80배(0.93~8.65배), 아말감 제거 후 24시간 1.97배(0.90~4.32배), 아말감 제거 후 48시간 1.99배(0.93~4.28배)로 높은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 아말감 치면 수와 생선 섭취를 보정한 후 남학생에 비해 여학생에서 요중 수은 농도가 초기 검진시 1.26배(0.58~2.70배), 아말감 제거 직후 2.88배(0.86~9.68배), 아말감 제거 후 24시간 1.97배(0.87~4.47배), 아말감 제거 후 48시간 2.31배(0.87~6.11배)였다. 이 연구에서 남학생에서 초기 검진시에 비해 아말감 제거 후 평균 요중 수은 농도가 감소하였으나 시간 의존적으로 지속적으로 감소하지 않았으며, 선형회귀분석에서는 성별에 따른 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없으므로 향후 대상자 수를 늘려 통계적인 검정력을 높일 필요가 있겠다. 이 연구에서 아말감 내 수은 증기 노출은 인체건강에 잠재적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였으므로 아말감을 제거하는 과정에서 주의해야 할 필요성이 있다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.951-960
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• 1999

We performed this study to evaluate the potential clinical marker of urinary trypsinogen-2 together with amylase, lipase and urinary amylase creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in dogs. In the experiment on daily changing patterns of amylase, lipase and ACCR measurements in experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs, compared to values measured in pre-induction state, significant difference was seen in amylase until 5th day of induction, and for lipase significant difference was found during the 7th day of observation period (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in ACCR for the study period (p > 0.05). On SDS-PAGE analysis of urine from experimentally induced pancreatitis dog, The 26kd band was markedly increased compared with that of normal state and that band was confirmed trypsinogen-2 using substrate interaction and isoelectric focusing assay after being eluted. When assessing the appearance of 26kd band on urine SDS-PAGE 87.1% (range: 50~100%) of experimentally induced pancreatitis dogs showed positive results, whereas no corresponding band was seen in dog without pancreatic disorders. With this result, determination of urinary trypsinogen-2 assay was found to have a high diagnostic value with a 70% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity as a routine test for pancreatitis, although the detection of trypsinogen-2 in urine can be varied on the progression stage of pancreatitis at the initial visit to animal clinic. We therefore suggest that the promising results in this study be used for the development of dipstick test for detecting acute pancreatitis in the future research.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2016

Glycerol was identified and isolated from endogenous interferences during analysis of human urine using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for doping control. Urinary sample preparation was simple; the samples were diluted with an organic solvent and then analyzed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ("dilute and shoot" method). Although the interfering ion peaks were observed at the similar retention time of glycerol, the inference could be identified by isolation with HRMS and further investigation. Thus, creatinine was identified as the endogenous interference for glycerol analysis and it also caused ion suppression resulting in the decrease of glycerol signal. This study reports the first identification and efficient isolation of endogenous interferences in human urine for "dilute and shoot" method. The information about ion suppression could be novel to prevent overestimation or a false result for antidoping analysis.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권5
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• pp.558-565
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• 2005

In this study, Schizandriae fructus which has been used in oriental medicine and folks remedy, was studied to apply to functional foods and oriental medicinal cuisine. The aim of this experiments was to investigate the effects of Schizandriae fructus water extract(SFE) on the renal function, plasma renin activity, plasma levels of aldosterone and arterial natriuretic peptide(ANP) in rats. Spargue-Dawley rats weigh 200g, were randomly assigned to 3 groups such as basal diet only(BDG), basal diet with $0.5{\mu}L/g$ SFE(LAG) and basal diet with $1.0{\mu}L/g$ SFE(HAG). The results were as follows. Water balance decreased significantly after administration for 2 weeks compared with the control period in HAG. Urine volume increased significantly after administration for 1 week compared with the control period in LAG and HAG. Urinary excretion of sodium increased significantly after administration for 1 week and for 2 weeks compared with the control period in LAG and HAG. Urinary excretion of creatinine increased significantly after administration for 2 weeks compared with the control period in HAG. Plama levels of ANL decreased significantly after administration of $SFE(0.5{\mu}L/g)$. Plasma levels of aldosterone decreased significantly after administration of $SFE(1.0{\mu}L/g)$. There results indicated that Schizandriae fructus can improve the renal function through increased urine volume and sodium excretion. These results imply that SFE could be used as a potent food resource for diet therapy or clinical nutrition.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.81.1-81.10
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• 2020

Background: Although previous in vivo studies explored urinary microRNA (miRNA), there is no agreement on nephrotoxicity-specific miRNA biomarkers. Objectives: In this study, we assessed whether urinary miRNAs could be employed as biomarkers for nephrotoxicity. Methods: For this, literature-based candidate miRNAs were identified by reviewing the previous studies. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received subcutaneous injections of a single dose or repeated doses (3 consecutive days) of gentamicin (GEN; 137 or 412 mg/kg). The expression of miRNAs was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 16 h pooled urine from GEN-treated rats. Results: GEN-induced acute kidney injury was confirmed by the presence of tubular necrosis. We identified let-7g-5p, miR-21-3p, 26b-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p significantly upregulated in the urine of GEN-treated rats with the appearance of the necrosis in proximal tubules. Specifically, miR-26-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p with highly expressed levels in urine of rats with GEN-induced acute tubular injury were considered to have sensitivities comparable to clinical biomarkers, such as blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and urinary kidney injury molecule protein. Conclusions: These results indicated the potential involvement of urinary miRNAs in chemical-induced nephrotoxicity, suggesting that certain miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for acute nephrotoxicity.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.509-515
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the kinetics of cyclohexane metabolites (the biomarker on cyclohexane exposure), the changes of hepatic cyclohexane metabolizing enzyme activities and the metabolites of cyclohexane in urine or serum. The rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hr after administration of one dose of cyclohexane (1.56 g/kg body weight, i.p.). The metabolites of cyclohexane in urine were identified as cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, trans-l,2-cyclohexanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanediol with cyclohexane metabolite being 124.00, 0.78, 23.28 and 2.75 (g/g of creatinine, $1\times10^{-3}$). Most of the cyclohexanol and trans-l,2-cyclohexanediol were determined to be in the form of $\beta-glucuronide$ conjugates, whereas cyclohexanone and 1 ,4-cyclohexanediol were found as free forms. In toxicokinetics of serum cyclohexane metabolites, cyclohexanol showed a rapid increase, reaching the plateau at 4 hr, after this time rapidly decreased throughout 24 hr. Changes of cyclohexanone also showed the similar pattern with cyclohexanol except somewhat lower concentration. Trans-l,2-cyclohexanediol, however, showed a gradual increase until 12 hr with the continued same levels throughout 24 hr. On the other hand, 1,4-cyclohexanediol was detected as trace levels at 4 and 12 hr, respectively. The administration of cyclohexane led to a significant increase of hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity from 2 to 8 hr. The activity of hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase showed a significant increase at 4 hr and then were recovered to the level of the control at 24 hr. On the other hand, there were no differences in liver weightlbody weight between the control and cyclohexane-treated animals. However, there were the changes of aniline hydroxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase activities on time-dependent pattern after cyclohexane treatment, which influence on the degree of cyclohexane metabolites both in blood and urine. These results suggest that differential determination of cyclohexane metabolites in urine and serum may be able to be as a biomarker of cyclohexane-exposure in the body. But in this fields further study is needed.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.409-416
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• 1993

이상에서와 같이 lithium치의 측정에 있어서 본 병원에서 기존 이용하던 AAS법이나 ISE법 모두 정밀도나 직선성 평가에 있어 비교적 좋았으나, 정밀도(재현성)에 있어서 ISE법이 AAS법보다 더 우수한 것으로 나왔고 ISE법의 경우 측정방법이 매우 간편하였다. 그러나 ISE법에 의한 혈중 측정치가 AAS법에 의한 것보다 다소 높게 나타났으며, ISE법이 AAS법에 비하여 분석 최하한치가 더 높아 예민도는 상대적으로 낮았다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.357-364
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• 2005

We surveyed the incidence of urinary calculi for feeding period, urinary lesion, composition of calculi and changes of serum chemistry with Korean native castrated steers, which are growing until 26 through 31 months. Without showing any clinical signs such as urethral obstruction, hydronephrosis and strangury for all group, $37.8\%$ (34 out of 90) of Korean native steers carried urinary calculi in carcass. The incidence of urine calculi far different feeding stages from 26 to 31 months were observed as $13.3-60.0\%$er, no significant differences were detected. The distribution of calculi were kidney $(24.4\%)$, kidney and bladder $(10\%)$ and kidney, bladder and urine $(3.3\%)$. Congestion of urinary bladder was shown in $26.6\%$ of Korean native steers. Korean native steers with urinary calculi $(41.2\%)$ had more possibilities (P<0.05) to bring outbreaks of congestion of urinary bladder than those of without calculi $(17.8\%)$. The main composition of calculi were struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate crystals), calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, non-oxalate calcium, ammonia and phosphate. The distribution of urine pH was $71.7\%$(above pH 8.0), $12.2\%$ (between pH 7.0 and pH 8.0) and $16.6\%$ (under pH 7.0). Like shown in herbivores, most of the urine pH was distributed as alkaline urine. Serum creatinine was shown significant difference (P<0.05) according to incidence of calculi but other serum chemistry didn't show any difference in serum chemistry. These results suggest that feeding until 26 to 31 months in Korean native steers castrated at 6 months of the age elicits urinary calculi and congestion of urinary bladder, but not clinical abnormality. And adjustment of the dietary Can ratio to a level of 2:1 or greater during feeding period may reduce the possibility of incidence of urinary calculi in Korean native steers.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.2-10
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• 2017

Early detection and proper management of kidney rejection are crucial for the long-term health of a transplant recipient. Recipients are normally monitored by serum creatinine measurement and sometimes with graft biopsies. Donor-derived cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) in the recipient's plasma and/or urine may be a better indicator of acute rejection. We evaluated digital PCR (dPCR) as a system for monitoring graft status using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based detection of donor DNA in plasma or urine. We compared the detection abilities of the QX200, RainDrop, and QuantStudio 3D dPCR systems. The QX200 was the most accurate and sensitive. Plasma and/or urine samples were isolated from 34 kidney recipients at multiple time points after transplantation, and analyzed by dPCR using the QX200. We found that donor DNA was almost undetectable in plasma DNA samples, whereas a high percentage of donor DNA was measured in urine DNA samples, indicating that urine is a good source of cfDNA for patient monitoring. We found that at least 24% of the highly polymorphic SNPs used to identify individuals could also identify donor cfDNA in transplant patient samples. Our results further showed that autosomal, sex-specific, and mitochondrial SNPs were suitable markers for identifying donor cfDNA. Finally, we found that donor-derived cfDNA measurement by dPCR was not sufficient to predict a patient's clinical condition. Our results indicate that donor-derived cfDNA is not an accurate predictor of kidney status in kidney transplant patients.