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Identification of urinary microRNA biomarkers for in vivo gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity models

  • Jeon, Byung-Suk (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Lee, Soo-ho (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Hwang, So-Ryeon (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Yi, Hee (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Bang, Ji-Hyun (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Tham, Nga Thi Thu (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Kyoung (Animal Pathodiagnostic Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency) ;
  • Woo, Gye-Hyeong (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University) ;
  • Kang, Hwan-Goo (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University) ;
  • Ku, Hyun-Ok (Toxicological Evaluation Laboratory, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency)
  • Received : 2020.04.30
  • Accepted : 2020.09.07
  • Published : 2020.11.30

Abstract

Background: Although previous in vivo studies explored urinary microRNA (miRNA), there is no agreement on nephrotoxicity-specific miRNA biomarkers. Objectives: In this study, we assessed whether urinary miRNAs could be employed as biomarkers for nephrotoxicity. Methods: For this, literature-based candidate miRNAs were identified by reviewing the previous studies. Female Sprague-Dawley rats received subcutaneous injections of a single dose or repeated doses (3 consecutive days) of gentamicin (GEN; 137 or 412 mg/kg). The expression of miRNAs was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 16 h pooled urine from GEN-treated rats. Results: GEN-induced acute kidney injury was confirmed by the presence of tubular necrosis. We identified let-7g-5p, miR-21-3p, 26b-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p significantly upregulated in the urine of GEN-treated rats with the appearance of the necrosis in proximal tubules. Specifically, miR-26-3p, 192-5p, and 378a-3p with highly expressed levels in urine of rats with GEN-induced acute tubular injury were considered to have sensitivities comparable to clinical biomarkers, such as blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and urinary kidney injury molecule protein. Conclusions: These results indicated the potential involvement of urinary miRNAs in chemical-induced nephrotoxicity, suggesting that certain miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for acute nephrotoxicity.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by a grant from the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency.

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