• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.17-29
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the correlation of meridian system in oriental medicine and muscular system in western medicine. Methods : Muscles were assigned to meridians by their main functions and the acupoints on them. New mutual relationships between meridians in lower limb were studied based on the muscular function. Results : In gluteal & femoral region, iliopsoas & quadratus femoris are assigned to spleen & stomach meridians, gluteus maximus & hamstrings to urinary bladder & kidney meridians, adductor muscle groups to liver meridian, gluteus medius & minimus & iliotibial tract to gall bladder meridian. In crural region, anterior crural muscles are assigned to stomach meridian, lateral crural muscles to gall bladder meridian, suferficial posterior crural muscles to urinary bladder (& kidney) meridian, deep posterior crural muscles to liver, spleen, kidney meridians. In lower limb, urinary bladder meridian and stomach meridian lead the muscular functions and correspond to each other, while spleen meridian assists stomach meridian, and kidney meridian assists urinary bladder meridian. Conclusions : Muscles may be assigned to meridians by their functions and the acupoints on them. From the view of muscular function, Yang meridians lead Yin meridians in lower limb.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.383-417
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• 1994

By making use of the EAV(Electroacupuncture acc. Voll) combined meridian theory of oriental medicine with electronics which was contrived to recognize the physiological and pathological changes of human body, the following conclusions were made in comparison with EAV measurements and types of symptoms(anxiety & headache, fatigue, palpitation, dizzness, abdominal distension. nausea, gastric disturbance. constipation & diarrhea, fatty liver, cva), QSCC, and blood type test. 367 patients including 124 with nervous gastrointestinal problems were selected for this research. 1. From the point of variance of the tested patients 124 nervous gastrointestinal patients, Liver meridian and Spleen meridian showed hyperenergia and Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian, Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia 2. In each symptom as the nervous gastrointestinal symptom Liver meridian showed hyperenergia, Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian and Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia . 3. In an objective comparison with other symptoms, firstly among the headache & anxiety group left Gall Bladder, Triple warmer and Stomach meridian showed remarkable hypoergia, secondly among fatigue group showed hypoergia in Triple warmer meidian and hyperenergia of Stomach meridian. and thirdly among palpitation group showed hypoergia of Kidney meridian, and lastly among dizzness group showed hypoergia of Gall Bladder, Stomach, Circulation and Small intestine meridian. 4. All of gastric disturbance, nausea, abdominal distention, constipation and diarrhea group showed hyperenergia in Stomach meridian and Spleen meridian. gastric disturbance group showed remarkably hypoergia in Circulation. Small intestine, Lung and Large intestine meridian. Nausea group showed hypoergia in Gall bladder and Urinary bladder meridian. Abdominal distenton group showed hypoergia of Large intestine. Constipation and diarrhea group showed hypoergia of Kidney and left Circulation meridian. 5. Fatty liver group showed hyperenergia of Liver meridian of 83.3%, Gall Bladder, Stomach and Spleen meridian. Urinary bladder and Kidney meridian showed hypoergia 6. CVA group showed hyperenergia in Liver and Circulation meridian. 7. Blood type in typical classification had no significant bearings on each other. 8. QSCC for the attempt of objective materials of constitutional diagnosis had no correlativity in comparison with EAV measurements. In conclusion EAV is thought be used as a diagnostic method in oriental medicine and further research is needed regarding it can be used as a useful method for verifying the characteristics and early finding of symptoms.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-67
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• 1995

By making use of the EVA(Electroacupuncture acc. Voll) combined meridian theory of oriental medicine with electronics which was contrived to recognize the physiological and pathological changes of human body, the following conclusions were made in comparison with EAV measurements and types of symptoms(anxiety & headache, fatigue, palpitation, dizzness, abdominal distension, nausea, gastric distubance, constipation & diarrhea, fatty liver, CVA), QSCC, and blood type test. 367 patients including 124 with nervous gastrointestinal problems were selected for this research. 1. From the point of variance of the tested patients 124 nervous gastrointestinal patients, Liver meridian and Spleen meridian showed Hyperenergia and Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian, Tripe warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 2. In each symptom as the nervous gastrointestinal symptom Liver Meridian showed hyperenergia, Large intestine meridian, Circulation meridian and Triple warmer meridian showed hypoergia. 3. In an objective Comparison with other symptoms, firstly among the headache & anxiety group left Gall Bladder, Triple warmer and Stomach meridian showed remarkable hypoergia, secondly among fatigue group showed hypoergia in Triple warmer meridian and hyperenergia of Stomach meridian, and thirdly among palpitation group showed hypoergia of Kidney meridian, and lastly among dizzness group showed hypoergia of Gall bladder, Stomach, Circulation and Small intestine meridian. 4. All of gastric distubance, nausea, abdominal distention, constipation and diarrhea group showed hyperenergia in Stomach meridian and spleen meridian, gastric disturbance group showed remarkably hypoergia in Circulation, Small intestine, Lung and Large intestine meridian, Nausea group showed hypoergia of large intestine, Constipation and diarrhea group showed hypoergia of Kidney and left Circulation meridian. 5. Fatty liver group showed hyperenergia of Liver meridian of 83.3%, Gall Bladder, stomach and Spleen meridian, Urinary bladder and Kidney meridian showed hypoergia. 6. CVA group showed hyperenergia in Liver and Corculation meridian. 7. Blood type in typical classification had on signigicant bearings on each other. 8. QSCC for the attempt of objective materials of constitutional diagnosis had no correlaticity in comparison with EAV measurements. In conclusion EAV is thought be used as a diagnostic method in oriental medicine and further research is needed regarding it can be used as useful method for verifying the characteristics and early finding of symptoms.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2005

Objectives and methods: We investigated 17 books to study symptoms, pathology and acupuncture & moxibustion treatment of Hu-Ro(fatigue). Results and Conclusions: 1. The symptoms of Hu-Ro are the deafness, the amblyopia, the mass of sweat, the stiff joint, etc. There are also symptoms such as the fever of palm and legs, avoiding cold temperature in the afternoon, the fever during night time, the stomach fullness and diarrhea, the powerlessness of limbs, red colored urine. 3. The representing pathological mechanisms of Hu-Ro are Yang-deficiency(陽虛), Yin-deficiency(陰虛), Energy(Qi)-deficiency(氣虛), Blood(Hyul)-deficiency(血虛). The other pathological mechanisms are deficiency of Liver, Heart, Spleen, Lung, Kidney and the basic Energy. 4. The fundamental treatment of Hu-Ro is "warming on worned ones(勞者溫之), supplying on damaged ones(損者益之), strengthening the weakened ones(虛卽補之)" as basis and also supplying blood with fostering spleen(養血建脾) and droping fever with clearing the clogged(降火淸鬱). 5. The meridians that could be used in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of Hu-Ro are the urinary bladder meridian, the conception vessel meridian(任脈), governor channel meridian(督脈), kidney meridian(腎經), liver meridian, heart meridian, spleen meridian, lung meridian, stomach meridian, small intestine meridian, gall bladder meridian, pericardium meridian and triple-warmer meridian in order of frequently refered. 6. The meridian points that could be used in acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of Hu-Ro are Joksamni (足三里:25times), Sinsu(腎兪:20回), Bisu(脾兪:19回), Pyesu(肺兪:18回), Qihye(氣海:17回), Gohwang(膏肓:15回), Kwanwon(關元:14回), Sameumgyo(三陰交:13回), Eumgeuk(陰郄:12回), Daechu(大樞:12回), Sinmun(神門:11回), Simsu(心兪:11回), Nyegwan(內關:10回), Jungwan(中脘:10回) in order of frequently refered.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.225-241
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• 2004

Objectives & Methods: We investigated 45 books to study etiology, pathology and acupuncture & Moxibustion treatment of diarrhea. Result and Conclusion 1. The pathogenic factors of diarrhea are external sensation(外邪感受), jungjishiljo(情志失調), weakness of the spleen and stomach(脾胃虛弱), improper diet(飮食不節), sinyanghueson(腎陽虧損), sueumyujang(水飮留腸), liver Gi invades the sp1een(肝氣乘脾), uhhyuljeche(瘀血阻滯). 2. The etiological cause of diarrhea are closely related to the malfunction of the spleen & stomach(脾胃) and the related jang and bu(臟腑)'s pathological alternation such as spleen & stomach(脾胃), large intestine(大腸), small intestine(小腸), liver(肝), sp1een(脾), and kidney(腎). 3. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of diarrhea with the meridian system are in the following order from the most often mentioned meridian system to the least, urinary bladder meridian(膀胱經), spleen meridian(脾經), stomach meridian(胃經), conception channel meridian(任脈經), liver mehdian(肝經), governor channel meridian(督脈經), large intestine meridian(大腸經), lung meridian(肺經), triple-warmer meridian(三焦經), gall bladder meridian(膽經), Pericardium meridian(心包經). 4. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment application of diarrhea with meridian point are in the following order from the most often mentioned meridian point to the least, Cheonchu(天樞) sixteen times, Sin-gwol(神厥) fifteen times, Joksamni(足三理), Gwanwon(關元) each twelve times, Daejangsu(大腸兪) eleven times, Taechung(太衝), Bisu(脾兪), Sojangsu(小腸兪) each ten times,Sinsu(腎兪) nine times, CC12(中脘) eight times, Samchosu(三焦兪), gokcheon(曲泉), Harweom(下廉) each seven times, Samgan(三間), Sameungyo(三陰交), Yisa(意舍), Jungnyo, Gyeungmun(京門) each six times, Gyeonggol(京骨), Jangmun(章門) each five times, Sangnyeom(上廉), Hapgok(合谷), Yangmun(梁門), Sanggu(商丘), Yanggang(陽綱), Hoeyang(會陽), Gihyeol(氣穴), Taegye(太谿), Gihae(氣海) each four times.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3 s.67
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• pp.212-221
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• 2006

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate acupuncture treatment of alopecia patients by researching literature and to standardize acupuncture treatment. Methods: We extracted the parts about acupuncture treatment of alopecia which are called 'Tal Bal(說髮), 'Ban Dok'(斑禿), 'Tal Mo'(脫毛), 'Bal Rak'(髮洛), 'Wonhyung Talmo'(圓形脫老) from 2 ancient and 49 modern oriental medicine literal sources. We surveyed the frequency and characteristics of the acupoints used for treatment of alopecia, and the acupoint was classified according to its meridian or demonstration. The results of this study were recorded as follows: 1. The most frequently used acupoints were GB20(風紙), GV20(百會), BL13(膈兪), SP6(三陰交), ST36(足三里), BL23(腎兪), SP10(血海), LI11(曲池), in that order. 2. The most frequently used meridians were the urinary bladder meridian (足太湯膀胱經), the Governor Vessel(督豚), the spleen meridian(足少陰脾經), and the gall bladder meridian(足少陰膽經), in that order 3. The most frequently used regions were the head, under the knee, and the back, in that order. 4. The most frequently used Jang organs and Bu organs were the spleen(脾), the stomach(胃), the liver(肝), the gall bladder(擔), the lungs(肺), and the large intestines(大腸), in that order. 5. Common methods of differentiation of alopecia are Hyulyulsaengpung(血熱生風), Gichehyutea(氣滯血瘀), Gihyulyanghea(氣血兩瘀), and Gansinbugok(肝腎不足). Conclusions : For treatment of alopecia, all the patient's symptoms, including alopecia, must taken into consideration and demonstrated.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2000

Transsynaptic tracer이며 신경친화성 virus인 pseudorabies virus(PRV)를 방광(膀胱), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에 주입(注入)한 후 4일간의 생존기간이 경과한 후 희생시켜 면역조직화학침액법(免疫組織化學染色法)에 의하여 뇌척수에 표지된 공통된 영역들을 비교하여 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 방광벽(膀胱壁), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에서 척수에 투사된 영역은 흉수(胸髓), 요수(腰髓) 및 천수(薦髓)에 모두 표지되었으며 공통적으로 표지된 부위는 척수(脊髓)의 층판 IV, V, VII, IX, X영역에 표지되었으나 주로 강하게 표지된 공통된 영역은 층판 VII의 중간외측핵, 가슴기둥 및 층판 X영역이었다. 2. 방광벽(膀胱壁), 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中) 및 중추(中極)에서 뇌(腦)에 투사된 공통된 영역은 연수(延髓)에서는 A1 noradrenalin cells/C1 adrenalin cells/caudoventrolateral reticular nucleus에서 양성반응을 나타내었다. 솔기핵의 경우 아핵인 불명솔기핵, 창백솔기핵 및 큰솔기핵에서 양성반응을 보였다. 다리뇌에서는 청색반점, Barrington's nucleus, A5세포군 및 삼차신경운동핵에서 양성반응을 보였고, 중뇌에서는 눈돌림신경핵, 눈돌림신경섬유 및 다리핵에서 양성반응을 보였다. 간뇌에서는 시상하부(視床下部)의 뇌실(腦室)곁핵과 시상의 뇌실곁핵에서 양성반응을 보였고 대뇌(大腦)에서는 septal nucleus, 피질(皮質)의 뒷다리영역, 마루엽, 이마엽에서 양성반응을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 방광(膀胱)에서 투사되는 뇌척수의 영역과 방광유(膀胱兪)나 위중(委中)에서 투사되는 공통된 표지영역들은 방광(膀胱)과 족태양방광경(足太陽膀胱經) 그리고 그 경락(經絡)의 경혈(經穴)들이 어떤 상관성(相關性)을 가지고 연결(連結)되어 있다는 사실을 실험적으로 알 수 있었다. 특히 방광(膀胱)과 방광유(膀胱兪), 위중(委中)에서 투사된 공통된 표지영역, 즉 배뇨중추인 Barrington's nucleus에 표지되는 것은 내장(內臟)-경락(經絡)이 central autonomic pathway에 의하여 서로 연결되었음을 입증하는 중요한 결과(結果)라고 사려(思慮)된다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.207-210
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• 2002

The effects of electroacupuncture on gastric motility in dogs were investigated in this study. The acupoints used in this experiment were Zu San Li (ST-36), Feng Long (ST-40), Jie Xi (ST-41), and Li Dui (ST-45) which belong to stomach meridian, Wei Shu (BL-21) which belongs to urinary bladder meridian, and Zhong Wan (CV-12) which belongs to conception vessel meridian. The animals were stimulated with 2-4 volt and 5 Hz for 20 min. Electroacupuncture at Zu San Li and Wei Shu acupoint increased the gastric motility, but Zhong Wan decreased the motility. There were no change in gastric movement after electrostimulation at Feng Long, Jie Xi and Li Dui acupoints. It was considered that electroacupuncture at Zu San Li and Wei Shu acupoints to promote the gastric movement, and at Zhong Wan acupoint to depress the movement might be effective in veterinary practice.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.204-206
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• 2002

The effects of electroacupuncture on small intestinal motility in dogs were investigated. The acupoints used in the experiment were Shao Ze (SI-1), Hou Xi. (SI-3), Yang Lao (SI-6), Zhi Zheng (SI-7) and Xiao Hai (SI-8) which belong to small intestine meridian, Xiao Chang Shu (BL-27) which belongs to urinary bladder meridian, and Guan Yuan (CV-4) which belongs to conception vessel meridian. The anupoints were stimulated with 2-4 volt and 5 Hz for 20 minutes Electroacupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints increased the intestinal motility, but at Guan Yuan decreased the motility. The acupuncture at Hou Xi, Zhi Zheng and Xiao Chang Shu acupoints showed an increase or decrease of the intestinal movement. The results indicate that the electroacupuncture at Guan Yuan acupoint may depress intestinal motility in cases such as vomiting or diarrhea, and the acupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints to promote the motility in cases of digestive disturbance may be effective in veterinary practice.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.199-209
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• 2005

Objectives & Methods : This study aims to investigate the application of the principle of the mutual communication between organ and bowel(臟腑相通) on Tong's acupuncture. We classified the frequently used Tong's acupuncture points according to the principle of the mutual communication between organ and bowel. Results & Conclusions : Considering the locations and indications of the most frequently used points among the 740 master Tong's acupuncture points, we could reach the following conclusions; 1. The chief virtues of 66 master Tong's acupuncture points could be explained by the principle of mutual communication between organ and bowel. 2. Among the relationships of mutual communication between organ and bowel, the most frequently applied relationship was relationship which applied to 16 master Tong's acupuncture points, and the , , , , and followed. 3. Considering the body regions, 13 out of 66 master Tong's acupuncture points which the relationship of mutual communication between organ and bowel was applied to, were located at the 1-1 region, and the same number at the U region, the others were at the 7-7, 3-3, 2-2, 4-4, 10-10, 6-6, 5-5 regions in the order of the number of the points, and none at the 9-9 region.