• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.461-466
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• 2014

체외 충격파 쇄석술시 쇄석기종에 따라 각각 장단점이 있으며, 전 처치로 인한 여러 가지 부작용이 보고되고 있다. 이에 전자기식 ESWL시 하부결석환자에서 적합한 충격파의 강도를 찾아보고, C-arm의 총 가동시간을 측정해 보았다. 본 연구는 2014년 1월부터 6월까지 경북지역 일개시의 C대학병원에서 전 처치를 시행하지 않고 ESWL을 받은 65명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 성비는 남자가 48명, 여자가 17명으로 남자가 더 많았으며, 연령은 50대가 가장 많았다. 하부요로결석의 발생은 왼쪽이 더 많았으며, 결석의 크기는 5mm 이하가 39명으로 가장 많았다. 적합한 충격강도는 1의 강도이며 통증을 호소하는 경우 C의 강도로 전환하여 충격을 가할 수 있다. 또한 C-arm의 총 가동시간은 $241.73{\pm}30.37$초로 나타났으며, 이것은 하부요로결석의 크기와 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 따라서, ESWL시 전처치를 시행하지 않고 시술을 할 경우 요관 결석의 부위에 따라 적합한 충격강도와 충격빈도의 기준이 필요로 하며, C-arm 총 가동시간도 요관 결석의 발생부위에 따라 방사선으로 인한 피폭을 최소화하기 위한 총 가동시간에 대한 기준이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2011

목적: 일반적으로 남자는 여자에 비해 만성 신장병의 발병이 많고 말기 신부전으로의 진행이 더 흔한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 일측성 요관 폐쇄를 가진 생쥐에서 신섬유화에 대한 성별과 성호르몬의 효과를 규명하기 위해 시행되었다. 방법: 일측성 완전 요관 폐쇄 7일째 암컷과 수컷 생쥐의 신장에서 ${\alpha}$-smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}$-SMA)의 발현을 측정한 후, 암컷 생쥐에서 난소를 제거하거나 제거 후 다시 $17{\beta}$-estradiol을 보충하여 나타나는 신섬유화 정도를 비교 분석하였다. 결과:일측성 요관 폐쇄를 가진 암컷 신장의 ${\alpha}$-SMA의 발현이 수컷 신장에 비해 현저히 낮았다. 난소 제거와 $17{\beta}$-estradiol의 보충은 일측성 요관 폐쇄를 가진 암컷 신장의 안지오텐신 II 1형 수용체의 발현에는 의미 있는 영향을 주지 않았지만, 안지오텐신 II 2형 수용체의 발현은 정상 암컷과 난소 제거 후 $17{\beta}$-estradiol를 보충한 암컷에서 현저히 증가되었다. 또한, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) 역시 유사한 변화를 보였다. 결론 : 여성은 폐쇄성 요로병증에서 신섬유화에 대한 저항성과 연관이 있으며 이러한 성별의 차이는 $17{\beta}$-estradiol에 의한 안지오텐신 II 2형 수용체와 iNOS의 발현 증가와 연관이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.588-597
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the value of combined chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and conventional magnetization transfer imaging (MT) in detecting metabolic and structural changes of renal fibrosis in rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) at 3T MRI. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five Sprague-Dawley rats underwent UUO surgery (n = 25) or sham surgery (n = 10). The obstructed and contralateral kidneys were evaluated on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery. After CEST and MT examinations, ¹⁸F-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography was performed to quantify glucose metabolism. Fibrosis was measured by histology and western blots. Correlations were compared between asymmetrical magnetization transfer ratio at 1.2 ppm (MTR_asym(1.2ppm)) derived from CEST and maximum standard uptake value (SUV_max) and between magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) derived from MT and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Results: On days 3 and 7, MTR_asym(1.2ppm) and MTR of UUO renal cortex and medulla were significantly different from those of contralateral kidneys (p < 0.05). On day 7, MTR_asym(1.2ppm) and MTR of UUO renal cortex and medulla were significantly different from those of sham-operated kidneys (p < 0.05). The MTR_asym(1.2ppm) of UUO renal medulla was fairly negatively correlated with SUV_max (r = -0.350, p = 0.021), whereas MTR of UUO renal medulla was strongly negatively correlated with α-SMA (r = -0.744, p < 0.001). Conclusion: CEST and MT could provide metabolic and structural information for comprehensive assessment of renal fibrosis in UUO rats in 3T MRI and may aid in clinical monitoring of renal fibrosis in patients with chronic kidney disease.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.86-89
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• 1998

A bladder diverticulum occurs when the bladder mucosa herniates or protrudes through the muscular wall of the baldder. The majority of congenital bladder diverticula occurs in males. They are the most common in the region of the bladder base, most frequently in the region of the ureteral hiatus, in which case they are known as Hutch's diverticula. They can give rise to obstruction or reflux. We had experienced a case of bilateral Hutch's diverticulum associated with vesicoureterai reflux in a 23 month old male. Chief complaints were urinary frequency and dysuria. Voiding cystourogram and CT scan revealed large bilateral Hutch's diverticulum with bilateral vesiciureteral reflux grade VI. There was evidence of urinary infection. This patient was successfully treated by ureteroneocystostomy. We report this case with a brief review of related literatures.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.379-382
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• 2011

요성복수는 요로폐색의 드문 합병증이나 신생아 복수의 가장 흔한 원인으로 신생아 복수가 있을때 요성 복수를 염두에 두어야 한다. 요성복수의 정확한 진단 및 치료가 이루어져야 하며 태아와 신생아기에 수술적 교정의 시기를 결정하는데는 어려움이 있는데 수술적 교정의 적응증을 알고 시기를 놓치지 않아야한다. 저자들은 출생시 복수에 의한 복부팽만을 보였던 신생아에서 신우 요관 이행부 폐색에 의한 요낭종 및 요성복수 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.416-421
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• 1992

저자들은 결석이 동반된 남성에서의 요도게실 2례를 치험하였기에 그 회귀성에 비추어 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2011

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) evoke pacemaker activities in many tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between interstitial cell and pacemaker activity in the human ureter through the recording of spontaneous contractions. Spontaneous contractions of eight circular and longitudinal smooth muscle strips of the human ureter to acetylcholine (ACh) and/or norepinephrine (NE) were observed. Human ureteral strips were divided into proximal and distal groups, and each group was subdivided into circular and longitudinal groups. The proximal group showed spontaneous activities of 3~4 times within 5 minutes in the longitudinal group. ACh ($10^{-4}\;M$) augmented the frequency of the spontaneous contractions. The cumulative application of NE also augmented the frequency in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of NE application were inhibited by concomitant application of $10^{-5}\;M$ glibenclamide. Receptor tyrosine kinase (c-kit) staining revealed abundant ICCs only in proximal tissues. Therefore, spontaneous contractions of the human ureter might be modulated by ICC in the proximal region, and the actions might be related with the activation of cholinergic and/or adrenergic system mediated by a glibenclamide-sensitive pathway.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.75-84
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• 1967

$^{131}I$-labeled-O-iodohippurate renograms in 15 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(E.H. fever)during oliguric, diuretic and convalescent phase were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, namely by its configuration, Tmax T 1/2 and renal index of Hirakawa. The results were as following: 1) Changes on the renograms in E.H. fever showed simultaneous bilateral renal impairment. 2) The characteristic configurations of renogram in the oliguric phase were: (1) Moderately decreased absolute amplitude of initial spike. (2) Continous rising second slope. (3) No appearance of terminal descent. Those were mast likely to those of renograms in acute ureteral obstruction or acute dehydration state. 3) During the diuretic phase, the renogram showed the point of maximal amplitude, but the steepness of 2nd slope was markedly decreased. The appearance of terminal descents was observed with unusually high amplitude despite of the tremendously large amount of urinary output during this phase. 4) In convalescence, the renograms were essentially normal in configuration, but the renal index of Hirakawa was not recovered until this phase. 5) Renograms in E.H. fever showed the characteristic patterns in each phase of its clinical course. 6) $^{131}I$-OIH-Renogram might be an useful method for the evaluation of renal function in E.H. fever during its course.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.71-74
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• 2018

Endoscopic subureteral injection for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is known to be safe and efficient due to its minimal invasive nature. Being non-migratory, non-antigenic, and biocompatible, Macroplastique (Polydimethylsiloxane) is likely to be stable over time. A 5-year-old boy with a past history of subureteral administration of Macroplastique for unilateral Grade V VUR 4 years ago presented with recurrent gross and microscopic hematuria, along with suprapubic pain. On computed tomography (CT) abdomen, calcified material, suspected to be a stone, was visualized in the bladder. On diagnostic cystoscopy, calcification was seen around the orifice site where Macroplastique injection had been performed. We removed the calcific material by Holmium laser. Endoscopic subureteric implantation has several advantages, but nevertheless, vigilance is needed to detect long-term complications, especially in patients with gross or microscopic hematuria.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.176-179
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• 2019

A giant prostatic urethral calculus has not been previously reported in dogs and should be distinguished from prostatic calculus. A 7-year-old castrated male Maltese dog with a 2-month history of relapsing hematuria and urinary incontinence with slowly progressing paraphimosis was referred. On abdominal radiography and ultrasonography, there was a giant calculus in the region of prostate or urethra, one left ureteral calculus, one urinary bladder calculus, and two penile urethral calculi. On computed tomography for evaluating the accurate location and planning the surgical approach, the giant calculus was located at the prostatic urethra. The calculi in urinary bladder, prostatic and penile urethra were surgically removed. These calculi were mixed-type of calcium oxalate monohydrate, struvite and calcium phosphate carbonate. On the basis of the urolith analysis and urine bacterial culture results, antibiotics and prescription diet were adjusted. At the 3-month follow-up, there were no clinical sings but paraphimosis was still remained, and ultrasonography revealed newly-formed, small urethral calculi at the prostatic urethra. This is the first report to describe the case of a canine giant prostatic urethral calculus and its clinical signs, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment, and outcome. CT may be useful to assess the accurate location and surgical approach for such calculi.