• Title/Summary/Keyword: Urban populations

Search Result 148, Processing Time 0.041 seconds

하남시 토지이용현황에 따른 겨울철 야생조류 서식유형 분석 연구 (Habitat Types of Wintering Season Wildbirds Depending on Land Use, Hanam)

  • 김정호
    • 한국환경과학회지
    • /
    • 제15권11호
    • /
    • pp.1077-1086
    • /
    • 2006
  • This study aims at analyzing relationships between land use and habitat types of winter wildbirds to provide basic understanding of ecosystem for preservation and restoration of urban ecosystem in the future. The research area is Hanam City. Researches on land use types showed Hanam City had 79.1% of greenspace and openspace, but intensive urban development has been taking place in greenspace that is adjacent to urban districts. This has brought the problems of lack of greenspace in urban districts and damages to cultivated areas and grassland. A total of 61 and 8,642 populations of winter wildbird species were observed in research areas. Paradoxornis webbiann(16.91), Passer montanus(11.93), Pica pica(6.88) were dominant species. When they were divided according to habitat types, 20 species of interior species, 8 species of interior-edge generalist species, 12 species of edge species and 3 species of urban species were observed. When which land use type was mostly served as wildbirds habitats was examined, urban species(3 species and 290 populations) was a dominant species in urban districts while in greenspace and openspaece, water species(19species and 3,075 populations) including winter migratory birds was. Among greenspace and openspaece, edge species was dominant in forest while urban species was a dominant species in cultivated areas. This shows there is a need to improve diversity of wildbirds through restoration of cultivated areas in the central part of Hanam City.

도시활력 측정을 위한 생활인구 특성 분석 - 이동통신 빅데이터를 중심으로 - (Analysis of living population characteristics to measure urban vitality - Focusing on mobile big data -)

  • 카마타 요코;남광우
    • 한국지리정보학회지
    • /
    • 제26권4호
    • /
    • pp.173-187
    • /
    • 2023
  • 본격적인 인구감소 시대에 들어선 가운데 지방 도시들은 사회적 인구 유입도 어려운 상황을 고려하여 생활인구 유도를 통한 도시 활력 증진을 모색할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 이동통신 빅데이터를 활용한 도시활력도 분석을 위해 인구감소 지역인 부산광역시 행정동을 대상으로 주민등록인구와 생활인구의 시공간 분포특성을 비교하였다. 다음으로 행정동을 인구증감의 변화 양상으로 유형화한 후, 도시쇠퇴 및 활력 관련 지표를 사용하여 유형별 지역 특성을 분석하였다. 시공간 분포특성 분석결과, 주민등록인구와 생활인구 밀도 분포패턴은 대체로 비슷한 패턴을 보였으나, 원도심 지역에서 주민등록인구 밀도가 낮으면서 생활인구 밀도가 높은 반대의 특성을 가지는 지역이 나타났다. 주민등록인구와 생활인구의 변화 양상은 상당한 차이를 보였으며, 주민등록인구는 밀도가 낮은 지역에서 인구가 감소하는 반면, 생활인구는 밀도가 높은 지역에서 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 생활인구 감소 군집에 인접해서 인구증감의 지역 간 격자가 큰 군집이 나타나, 인구 밀도가 높은 지역에서 주변 지역에 생활인구가 확산하는 전이효과가 나타날 가능성을 시사했다. 유형화 결과, 주민등록인구가 감소하는 지역에서도 통근·통학 또는 방문으로 인한 활발한 인구 유입이 있었으며, 이러한 지역은 사업체 수의 증가를 유지하고 있어, 산업·경제적 성장이 존재함을 확인하였다. 다만 부산의 약 47% 행정동은 주민등록인구와 생활인구가 모두 감소하고 지역 쇠퇴가 진행되고 있었으며, 이러한 지역에 대해 우선적인 도시 활력 증진을 위한 노력이 필요하다. 본 연구는 교통과 통신의 발달로 인한 도시활동의 한계거리 증가와 이동량의 증가로 지역간 교류가 날로 확대되는 점을 고려해 주민등록인구뿐만 아니라 도시계획지표로서의 생활인구 데이터의 활용 필요성을 제시하였다.

평일 시간활동패턴을 활용한 도시 인구의 유사노출집단 분류 (Determination of Similar Exposure Groups Using Weekday Time Activity Patterns of Urban Populations)

  • Hwang, Yunhyung;Lee, Kiyoung;Yoon, Chung-Sik;Yang, Wonho;Yu, Seungdo;Kim, Guenbae
    • 한국환경보건학회지
    • /
    • 제42권6호
    • /
    • pp.353-364
    • /
    • 2016
  • Objectives: Determining the time activity patterns of urban populations is critical when performing an exposure assessment. The purposes of this study were to classify urban populations in Korea by their time activity patterns and to identify factors that influence these patterns. Methods: The time activity patterns of 31,634 and 20,263 individuals were obtained from two national databases collected in 2004 and 2009, respectively. The two largest metropolitan cities in Korea, Seoul and Busan, were selected for this analysis. For each city, multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine factors affecting the time spent in a residence and in transit. We also used cluster analysis to classify each urban population by activity pattern. Results: Nine distinctive activity patterns were identified in the Seoul and Busan populations, respectively, and the resulting classified population groups had specific characteristics. The identified patterns were similar for Seoul and Busan. The most significant factors affecting time spent in a residence were employment status, age, marriage status, education, and gender. Gender, education, employment status, and monthly income were significant factors affecting time spent in transit. Conclusion: These results indicate that, in addition to region, exposure scientists in Korea should consider classifying populations based on age, gender, and occupation.

도시·농촌지역 주민의 건강행태에 관한 연구 (A Study on Health Behavior of the Populations in Urban and Rural Area)

  • 이정미;권근상;이주형;전갑성
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
    • /
    • 제30권2호
    • /
    • pp.213-225
    • /
    • 2005
  • 도시 농촌지역 주민의 건강형태를 알아보기 위하여 전주 및 고창, 순창, 임실, 부안, 무주, 장수, 진안 지역에서 살고 있는 만 20세 이상의 2,086명을 대상으로 2001년 7월 1일부터 9월 30일까지 3개월 동안 설문조사를 실시한 결과 다음과 같았다. 1. 조사대상자의 일반적 특성은 성별, 연령, 결혼상태에서 도시와 농촌이 비슷한 분포였다. 교육수준은 도시에서 전문대졸 이상이 42.0%, 농촌에서는 중졸이하가 37.2%로 가장 높게 나타나, 농촌과 도시에서의 교육수준이 현저한 차이를 보였다(p<0.01). 직업은 도시에서 가정주부(26.1%), 일반사무직(18.9%)로 나타난 반면, 농촌에서는 일반사무직(20.6%), 농 어 축산업(21.3%), 가정주부(19.5%)순으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 2. 도시, 농촌에 따른 주관적 건강상태에 대한 생각은 도시와 농촌이 비슷한 분포였다. 복용한 건강식품은 도시에서 영양제와 보약이 22.1%와 24.1%로 농촌의 18.8%와 20.8%보다 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 만성질환의 유병률은 22.2%였으며, 도시와 농촌에 차이는 없었다. 3. BMI 25이상인 경우가 조사대상자 중 17.4%였으며, 도시와 농촌이 비슷한 수준이었다. 음주와 흡연, 충분한 수면여부 또한 도시와 농촌이 비슷한 분포를 보였고, 운동에서만이 주 1회 이상 하는 경우가 도시에서 44.8%, 농촌에서 37.1%로 농촌보다 도시가 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 4. 식생활습관에서 커피음용과 육류섭취는 도시와 농촌에서 비슷한 분포를 보였고, 과식은 도시에서 73.5%, 농촌에서는 66.9%로 농촌보다 도시에서 현저하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 규칙적인 식사와 음식을 짜게 먹는 경우, 채소의 섭취가 도시보다 농촌에서 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 5. 종합검진은 도시와 농촌이 비슷하였고, 적어도 3-4년에 한번 받는 경우는 58.7%였다. B형간염예방접종은 대상자이나 실시하지 않은 경우가 도시에서 17.5%, 농촌에서 11.5%로서 농촌보다 오히려 도시에서 예방접종을 실시하지 않은 경우가 많았으며, 암검사는 받은적이 있다고 응답한 경우가 도시에서 33.1%, 농촌에서 27.8%로 농촌보다 도시에서 더 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 6. 자각적 건강상태를 종속변수로설정하고, 나머지 일반적 특성 및 건강형태, 건강검진을 독립변수로하여 다변량분석 한 결과, 성별, 연령, 직업, 교육수준, 운동여부가 자각적 건강상태에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 만성질환과 관련이 있을 것으로 예상되는 변수를 다변령분석 한 결과 연령, 교육수준, BMI, 육류섭취정도, 암검사여부의 변수들이었다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로 전북지역에 거주하는 도시와 농촌지역주민들의 건강형태는 운동 및 식생활 습관, 건강검진에서 차이를 보였으며, 자각적 건강상태와 만성질환에 영향을 미칠것으로 생각되는 변수로는 연령과 교육수준, 운동 및 BMI 등이 나타나 앞으로 연구 뿐 아니라 보건사업 계획에도 이러한 사항을 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

  • PDF

Effective Population Size of Korean Populations

  • Park, Leeyoung
    • Genomics & Informatics
    • /
    • 제12권4호
    • /
    • pp.208-215
    • /
    • 2014
  • Recently, new methods have been developed for estimating the current and recent changes in effective population sizes. Based on the methods, the effective population sizes of Korean populations were estimated using data from the Korean Association Resource (KARE) project. The overall changes in the population sizes of the total populations were similar to CHB (Han Chinese in Beijing, China) and JPT (Japanese in Tokyo, Japan) of the HapMap project. There were no differences in past changes in population sizes with a comparison between an urban area and a rural area. Age-dependent current and recent effective population sizes represent the modern history of Korean populations, including the effects of World War II, the Korean War, and urbanization. The oldest age group showed that the population growth of Koreans had already been substantial at least since the end of the 19th century.

Transport and the Megacity: Improving Vitality with Connectivity

  • Prevc, John
    • 국제초고층학회논문집
    • /
    • 제6권2호
    • /
    • pp.131-138
    • /
    • 2017
  • There is no easy answer to ensuring the world's rapid urban population growth is managed sustainably and in a manner that promotes economic growth, social cohesion, and health and wellbeing. However, densification of existing urban areas is increasingly recognised as an effective and socially responsible way for cities to accommodate growing populations and still operate as vital, vibrant spaces. The Future Spaces Foundation's Vital Cities: Transport Systems Scorecard explores how well-networked, safe and sustainable transport networks equip densifying cities to meet the needs of their rising and fast-changing populations. This paper uses data from the scorecard to examine the transport infrastructure and associated data networks of three large, rapidly densifying cities - Beijing, Mumbai and $S{\tilde{a}}o$ Paulo - and highlight the successful measures and policies implemented between them. It includes an in-depth explanation of the scorecard's methodology, and concludes with an appeal for people-focused transport design that values safety, urban vibrancy and individual wellbeing over corporate efficiency.

우리나라 도시철도 건설기준의 재정립 방향 (A Suggestion on the Eligibility Criteria for the Construction of Urban Rail Transit)

  • 이창운
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국철도학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.47.1-52
    • /
    • 2002
  • According to the current eligibility criteria in Korea, only cities with populations of more than one million are eligible to carry out urban rail transit construction projects. This paper suggests measures for improving such systems by reviewing current eligibility criteria for the construction of urban rail transit including subway and LRT in Korea.

  • PDF

Inventory of Street Tree Population and Diversity in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

  • Uka, Ufere N.;Belford, Ebenezer J.D.
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
    • /
    • 제32권4호
    • /
    • pp.367-376
    • /
    • 2016
  • Urban greenery is an important component of urban environment and is fast gaining prominence especially in the developing countries. The destruction of urban trees has resulted to the degradation of the environment, thus the introduction of green Kumasi project by Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly, Ashanti Region of Ghana. The composition and diversity of urban trees gives rise to adequate management and monitoring, thus an inventory of urban trees of the Metropolis was conducted to document complete information on its density, diversity, composition and distribution. A total tree population of 1,101 was enumerated in the principal roads of the Metropolis. The ten most encountered tree species accounted for 61.04% of all the individual tree populations with Mangifera indica being dominant. The dominant families: Fabaceae, Moraceae and Arecaceae constitute 38.57% of the tree population. Diversity of the tree species was very high. The minimum diversity criteria were met on analysis of the diversity of this population. The proportion of exotic species was high with 65.71% of the trees belonging to the introduced species. It is recommended that greater emphasis should be placed on the planting of indigenous trees in future tree planting exercise.

Effect of Gardening as a physical activity on the improvement of Blood lipoprotein profile in an urban population in Republic of Korea: A pilot study

  • Jang, TaeSu;Lee, Ae-Kyung;Park, EunJi;Kim, Jae Kyung
    • International journal of advanced smart convergence
    • /
    • 제11권3호
    • /
    • pp.170-178
    • /
    • 2022
  • Purpose: Gardening has been reported to have positive emotional and physical effects in older adults. However, limited studies have assessed this relationship in Korea. Therefore, in this pilot study of densely populated urban dwellers, we aimed to investigate whether temporary but repeated experiences of the natural environment could positively change metabolism-related blood indicators. Methods: This study used pre- and post-interventional designs to investigate the effects of 16 weeks of gardening on lipid profiles in an urban adult population and investigate their relationships. This study was conducted 30 times at the H Botanical Garden in Yongin City from August 16, 2021 to November 30, 2021 (16 weeks, twice a week, 3 hours each time). Before and after the gardening program, a clinical pathologist collected blood samples from the participants. Results: High-density lipoprotein levels increased, low-density lipoprotein levels decreased, and total cholesterol levels decreased after the gardening activity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that gardening has potential for clinical application as it has good control over the lipid profile through physical activity. These findings can be used as basic data for studying the relationship between urban populations and their living environment and for various studies in the future as experiencing the natural environment provides many health benefits.

도시 및 농어촌 거주 노인의 초가공식품 섭취 상태와 당뇨 및 공복혈당장애에 대한 단면연구 (Association of ultra-processed food with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in elderly populations (urban and rural): a cross-sectional study)

  • 이승재;조미숙
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
    • /
    • 제29권1호
    • /
    • pp.51-64
    • /
    • 2024
  • Objectives: This study examined the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and chronic diseases in elderly Koreans. Methods: Data from the 2019-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Dietary intake and UPF consumption were assessed using the NOVA food classification based on 24-hour recall data from 3,790 participants (aged 65+ years). Participants were divided into 4 groups based on the quartile of energy intake from UPFs. Regions were classified as urban or rural. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for potential confounders. Results: Among the participants, 71.3% resided in urban and 28.7% in rural areas. Compared to the urban elderly, rural participants tended to be older, have lower education and income levels, be more likely to live in single-person households, and have a higher smoking rate (P < 0.05). Urban elderly consumed more UPFs daily (146.1 g) compared to rural residents (126.6 g; P < 0.05). "Sugar-sweetened beverages" were the most consumed category in both regions. "Sweetened milk and its products" and "traditional sauces" were prominent in urban areas, while rural elderly consumed more "traditional sauces" and "distilled alcoholic beverages." Rural areas also had a higher carbohydrate-to-calorie ratio than urban areas. Compared to the lowest quartile of UPF intake, the highest quartile was significantly associated with impaired fasting glucose only in rural areas (AOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.00-2.19; P for trend = 0.0014). No significant associations were observed for diabetes in either urban or rural areas. Conclusions: This study suggests that high intake of UPFs is associated with increased odds of impaired fasting glucose in rural elderly. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific negative health effects of UPFs in different populations, and targeted efforts should promote healthy diets in both urban and rural areas.