• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.297-308
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• 2008

Previous research on elderly care in rural areas has focused on inter-generational support, ignoring the possibility of elderly care among community members in the rural areas of Korea. This study attempts to explore the roles and potentials of community-based elderly care in rural areas where nearby family or formal services are unavailable. For this purpose, data was collected from the elderly in three Korean rural villages using qualitative case study methods. Each village was studied as a separate case study and in-depth interviews with the elderly in each village were conducted. All interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim for the analysis. The data was analyzed using the Reflective Qualitative Analytic Technique. Results showed that rural elderly in all three villages had lunch, talked, and played together; almost everyday in the winter. However, the nature of care among rural elderly varied depending on the characteristics of the rural community (the traditional rural, the rural mixed with the urban, and the neighboring rural with the urban). Specifically, the use of mutual aids (providing food, repairing housing, and checking personal safety by telephone or visit, etc.) was most consistent at the traditional rural village. Because both the rural village mixed with the urban and the neighboring rural village with urban have better access to many aids and programs from formal institutions, mutual aids among community members decreased compared with the traditional rural village. However, regular group activities such as sports, dancing or debate help to provide pleasure and integrate the community. These results suggest that community relationships as a substitution for social support provide by family or formal services can be utilized in rural areas.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.53-61
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• 2012

As aging society progresses, it is necessary to establish a housing standard that provides a healthy, safe, and convenient environment for the elderly. The objective of the study is to propose a housing space standard that is geared towards elderly living in the urban area. Three steps were taken to attain the objective. First, characteristics of housing preference, spatial usage and furniture preference of the elderly were attained through a survey. The survey was conducted targeting the respondents of the ages 60 to 79 living in three different administrative districts in Seoul. Second, the required floor space to perform individual specific behavior using anthropometric dimension of the elderly was investigated by literature review. Lastly, floor space of each space is suggested combining each area for individual specific behavior which reflects characteristics of housing preference and spatial usage. The results of the research as follows. A bedroom was planned, which includes the function of receiving guests by giving the area for the placement of a sofa. The space for the use of dinning table for two person was planned in the kitchen and The space for the behavior of showering on a chair was planned in a bathroom. Lastly, the space for the behavior of taking off shoes on a chair was considered in the entrance area. Consequently, $35.4m^2$ is suggested as the necessary floor space for the elderly housing considering the characteristics of the elderly in urban area. However, because of space composition and space for accessibility, the additional space should be considered to plan the elderly housing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.129-144
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• 2001

In spite of rapid sociocultural changes and an increase in the number of nuclear families in recent years, quite many families in Korea still have taken the extended family form where daughter-in-law provides care for the elderly parents. Even though the nature of the inter-generational relationship in Korea is reciprocal in many regards, most of the studies looked at the burden or costs of coresidence with the elderly parents while relatively little attention has been given to the positive side of the coresidence. This study is an attempt to fill this gap in the area. The purpose of this study is to examine not only the costs but also benefits of the coresidence with the elderly parents. We also explore whether there is a rural-urban differences in costs and benefits of coresidence and related factors. For the purpose, data were gathered from 876 daughters-in-law of three generational family both in rural and urban area, using structured questionnaire. The statistical methods used for data analysis were descriptive statistics, cross tables, and regression analysis with SPSS/PC+ program. The major findings of this study were as follows: Marital and economic status of the elderly parents, age, job status and filial responsibility attitude of caregiver, sibling support, and coresidence duration were the significant variables predicting the level of perceived benefits. Marital status of elderly parents, income, job status, educational level, and filial responsibility altitude of caregiver, residence region affected the level of perceived costs. Rural-urban differences are found in many aspects of coresidence experiences and related factors. Rural caregivers receive higher level of the sibling support, have more traditional final responsibility altitude and perceived less costs and more benefit than urban caregivers. There also are differences in the factors influencing the level of perceived costs and benefits between rural and urban area. Level of sibling support and final responsibility attitude have significant impact on both the perceived costs and benefits. But there are differences in terms of that perceived costs and benefits of urban caregivers are affected by job status of caregivers while those of rural caregivers are affected by educational level of caregivers and marital status of elderly. The results confirm that Korean caregivers experience both positive and negative aspects of coresidence and shows that the nature of the inter-generational relationships differ between rural and urban Korea.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.244-256
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• 1996

This Study was conducted to investigate and compare of elderly lived in a urban and rural Area. The Subject were sampled in convenient sampling and total number of sample were 450 Persons (Urban=150, Rural=300). The Data were collected through one by one interview with interview schedule in the period of March 1-30, 1995. The Study Tools for this study were 1) CMI, 2) Self Rating Score for Health Status, 3) No. of Dignosed Diseases, 4) ADL to investigate for physical health status, 5) IADL for social health status and, 6) Life Satisfaction for psychological health status. The Data was analyzed in percentage, t-test, $x^2$ and pearson correlation by SAS program The Results could be summarized as follows; 1) In the status of physical health, the group of rural elderly were tended to have more physical problems but more active in daily life (ADL, IADL) and more satisfactory psychologically in their life than urban elderly. 2) There were negative correlations between the number of Health Problems and Self Rating Score for Health, ADL, IADL, Life Satisfaction. And there was positive correlation between the Number of Health Problems and Diagnosed Diseases.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.147-166
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• 2001

The Purpose of this study was 1) to analyse the attitudes about Elderly Assisted Living (EAL) among urban Korean 2) to consider the policy implications for elderly communal housing. The research methods used were 1) social survey research with questionnaire to find attitudes and preferences about EAL among potential elderly client in Seoul, Korea 2) interpretative suggestion for appropriate policy implications to facilitate developing EAL in urban Korea. A questionnaire was used to find attitudes/preferences about EAL was adapted from the results of the review about communal housing in the UK. The survey was undertaken from September to October, 2000 in Seoul, Korea. Data was collected from 413 subjects and analysed using various statistical techniques. From the results, location should be differentiated into urban type and suburban type. The urban type would prefer around 5 stories multi-family house style with elevator and suburban type would prefer single detached house style with shared garde. The most preferred characteristics found by factor analysis were factor I named as communal facilities and environment(the items belong to factor I was neighbour environment, communal spaces and facilities, heating system, and elevator). The most important advantages of EAL were social activities and convenience. The most salient disadvantages of EAL were difficulty of family contact. The higher the occupational status and income, the lower the preference for the characteristics of EAL with a preference for finding appropriate living arrangements in present housing market. But the higher the educational level, the higher the degree of preference for the characteristics of EAL.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.127-141
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to classify the elderly over the age of 60 according to their lifestyles and analyze the health and economic status of them that are classified. Data were obtained from 463 elderly living in urban areas. Factor analysis was used for examining dimensions of lifestyles and cluster analysis for classifying the elderly by lifestyles. This study found six different types of lifestyles, Le., the actively self-developing type, the individualist seeing the negative aspects of the world, the sensuous joy oriented type, the obedient to the tradition type, the conservative with discontented attitude toward the world, and the introspective self-fulfilling type. There were significant differences in living status as well as socio-economic characteristics of the elderly among six types of lifestyles. From the results of this study, it is found that the elderly have various lifestyles and, therefore, the understanding the lifestyles of the elderly will enable researchers to capture the problems the elderly face and provide more insight into their living status.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the housing satisfaction of elderly households in comparison with non-elderly households, and to present policy implications in terms of housing welfare policies. For this purpose, this study used ordered logit model analysis using '2019 Housing survey data'. As a result of the analysis, in the case of individual/housing characteristics, the analysis results of the non-elderly household model and the elderly household model were similar. However, in the case of regional characteristics, non-elderly households living in the metropolitan area showed higher housing satisfaction than non-elderly households living in the non-metropolitan area, whereas the elderly households living in the metropolitan area had lower housing satisfaction than the elderly households living in the non-metropolitan area. In addition, the satisfaction variable of neighborhood/environmental characteristics that had the greatest impact on the housing satisfaction of non-elderly households was found to be crime prevention status satisfaction, and the satisfaction variable of neighborhood/environmental characteristics that had the greatest impact on the housing satisfaction of elderly households was air pollution satisfaction. The results of the analysis can be used as various reference materials when establishing housing welfare policies for elderly households.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-47
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to explore rural elderly's perception on rural area as a proper place to live for the elders and to find out their residential satisfaction and its related variables. The data were gathered through the questionnaire survey from 241 rural elderly over 70 aged living in Gyeonggi province during July 2005. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Those who are men, having experience living in urban area, and favorable perception to social relation with other residences prefer the rural area to urban area as living place for the elderly ; 2) Those who are subjectively perceived healthy and favorable perception to social relation with other residences tend to be in higher residential satisfaction than other groups ; 3) Such variables as age, educational background, living term in community and urban area were not significant to rural elderly's perception on rural area as a proper place to live for the elders and residential satisfaction; 4) Such variables as identification as community residences, people-oriented personality, sex and having experience living in urban area explained 26.4% of variance in rural elderly's perception on rural area as a proper place to live for the elders ; 5) Such three variables as identification as community residences, relationship with the primary group and age explained 55.2% of variances in residential satisfaction; 6) In shortly, the most influential factor to rural elderly's perception on rural area as a proper place to live for the elder and residential satisfaction was their identification as community residences.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Population aging is an inevitable problem in our society nowadays, and the current aging trend in Asia is prominent and the number of elderly people is huge, among which the World Health Organization predicts that by 2050, 35% of China's population will be over 60 years old, making it the most serious aging country in the world. According to actual reports and surveys, there is a clear digital divide between a large proportion of the elderly and ICT technology, which has had a negative impact on the quality of life and mentality of the elderly living in cities due to the rapid development of technology and the dramatic changes that have occurred in urban life in recent years. The author chose Chinese urban elderly as the main research topic, the research method through the collation of existing literature and information combined with the actual data research, narrative collation of the current situation of ICT use among the Chinese urban elderly and the causes of the difficulties, summarize the ability of the Chinese urban elderly as the representative of the elderly users to master and learn ICT. The study concluded that the needs of the elderly for ICT are multi-layered and there is a gradation in the ability of the elderly users to master various ICT services, so that the elderly can better use and enjoy ICT services and provide teaching and services in a hierarchical and targeted manner can be the next research direction.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify differences and influencing factors in the level of life satisfaction among the urban community-dwelling elderly by age group. Methods: The study was conducted utilizing the secondary data of 2017 Seoul Survey in a cross-sectional design. Of 42,688 participants in total, the data of 7,927 adults aged 65 or older were analyzed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: There were significant differences between age groups, and it was found that the old elderly groups had significantly higher life satisfaction than the oldest elderly group (t=8.37, p<.011). In common, family and community factors influencing life satisfaction in the two age groups were companion animals (old elderly: β=.03, p=.002; oldest elderly: β=.06, p=.021), social network (old elderly: β=.10, p<.001; oldest elderly: β=.08, p=.008), and social support (old elderly: β=.05, p<.001; oldest elderly: β=.08, p=.005). Conclusion: Based on these results, social welfare and nursing care services focusing on social capital and age group-specific interventions are needed to improve life satisfaction of the elderly. This study might provide the possibility and evidence for a program to improve life satisfaction for the urban community-dwelling elderly, including social capital elements.