• Wind and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2006

The effect of buildings on flow in urban canopy is one of the most important problems in local/micro-scale meteorology. A large eddy simulation model is used to simulate the flow structure in an urban neighborhood and the bulk effect of the buildings on surrounding flows is analyzed. The results demonstrate that: (a) The inflow conditions affect the detailed flow characteristics much in the building group, including: the distortion or disappearance of the wake vortexes, the change of funneling effect area and the change of location, size of the static-wind area. (b) The bulk effect of the buildings leads to a loss of wind speed in the low layer where height is less than four times of the average building height, and this loss effect changes little when the inflow direction changes. (c) In the bulk effect to environmental fields, the change of inflow direction affects the vertical distribution of turbulence greatly. The peak value of the turbulence energy appears at the height of the average building height. The attribution of fluctuations of different components to turbulence changes greatly at different height levels, in the low levels the horizontal speed fluctuation attribute mostly, while the vertical speed fluctuation does in high levels.

• 도시과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the relations among greenbelt, urban land surface temperature empirically in order to assess the environmental effects of the greenbelt in the Seoul metropolitan area, objectively. For this purpose, this study conducts an empirical analysis of impacts of greenbelt on urban land surface temperature using a multiple-regression model. The main data employed in the analysis include real-time air pollution data, Landsat 8-OLI Landsat imagery data, KLIS data and Jip-gye-gu data. The major findings are summarized as follows. NDVI has a negative (-) correlation with the land surface temperature, and the urban temperature is high in areas with poor vegetation. The land surface temperature is low in residential or commercial areas, while the temperature is high in industrial areas. The temperature is low in green fields, open spaces, and river areas. it is found that the urban land surface temperature is low in the greenbelt zone. In the greenbelt zone, there is an effect that reduces the land surface temperature by 1% on average, as compared to that at the center of the Seoul metropolitan area. Especially, the center of the Seoul metropolitan area, in a range from 0.6% to 1.9% of the average temperature, the temperature gets lower up to approximately 3km from the greenbelt boundary.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1213-1220
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• 2011

This study aims at choosing indicators to measure the effect of utilizing biotop map, and analyzing its effect by an indicator from the perspective of performer. The Primary performance indicators are made through specialist survey using SMART. As a result, three indicators are chosen: "Discussion of the period of an environmental effects evaluation(reduced effect)", "Plan and execution of environment and ecology plan in an urban development site", "Minimizing ecological damage in an urban development." The result in each indicator is as follows. The indicator of discussion of the period of an environmental effects evaluation(reduced effect), the average reduction rate in statistically meaningful level reduced 6.08% and 11.64% respectively in 2004-2005. In this period, environment information system was established and the reduction effect is shown in this period by reinforcing environment effect estimation using biotop map. As to the indicator of utilizing biotop map in an urban development site, the Seongnam P site case shows that biotop map was used when they set up an development plan. In case of minimizing ecological damage in an urban development, the Gwangjingu G-dong case shows that it was used to appoint preservation sit, and mediate development restrict area. Accordingly, the biotop map utilizing effect is confirmed through core performance indicators and verification of the indicators using SMART. The further research is encouraged to find evaluate indicators and verify the effect quantitatively to increase the use of biotop map.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

Mapping radiation heat flux of urban area is essential for urban design and landscape planning. Because controlling urban geometry and generating green space are important urban design strategies for reducing urban heat, urban planner and designer need to recognize the micro urban heat distribution for adequate urban planning. This study suggests a new methodology for mapping urban radiation heat flux in a micro scale considering buildings and trees' shade. For doing that, firstly, we calculate net radiation for each urban surfaces (building, road (not shaded, building shaded, tree shaded), ground (not shaded, building shaded, tree shaded), tree (not shaded, building shaded)). Then, by multiplying the area ratio of surfaces to the net radiation, we can obtain the radiation heat flux in micro-scale. The estimated net radiation results were found to be robust with a $R^2$ of 90%, which indicates a strong explanatory power of the model. The radiation heat flux map for 12h $17^{th}$ August explains that areas under the building and tree have lower net radiation heat flux, indicating that shading is a good strategy for reducing incident radiation. This method can be used for developing thermal friendly urban plan.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.527-544
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• 2018

도시는 다양한 콘텐츠를 담고 있는 유기적 존재로써 특히 최근에 관심을 받고 있는 도시재생은 콘텐츠 개발을 통해 경쟁력을 강화하는 사업이다. 따라서 도시의 경쟁력 있는 콘텐츠 개발을 위해 도시재생 사업의 내용과 기대효과를 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 11곳의 근린재생형 선도지역의 마중물 사업의 사업내용과 기대효과를 유형화하고 분석하였으며, 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 마중물 사업의 사업내용은 물리적 재생이 가장 많으며 기대효과는 사회적 효과가 가장 많았다. 둘째, 사회적 재생의 사업은 주민의 역량강화를 위한 사업이 주를 이룬다. 셋째, 물리적 재생의 기대효과에서는 경관개선에 관한 기대효과가 많았으며, 넷째 사회적 기대효과에서는 도시재생의 기본 개념인 주민참여에 관한 내용이 많았음을 알 수 있다. 마지막으로, 단일 효과보다는 사업의 효과를 복합적으로 기대할 수 있는 사업개발이 필요하다. 향후 도시재생 뉴딜사업에서는 마을 고유의 자산을 활용하고 경쟁력 있는 도시콘텐츠 개발에 기반하며 다양한 효과가 나타날 수 있는 사업에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2013

The impervious area on the surface of urban area has been increased as buildings and artificial land cover have continually been increased. Urban development has gradually decreased the green zone in downtown and alienated the city from the natural environment on outskirt area devastating the natural ecosystem. There arise the environmental problems to urban area including urban heat island phenomenon, urban flood, air pollution and urban desertification. As one of urban plans to solve such problems, green roof system is attracting attentions. The purpose of this study was to investigate flood discharge and heat reduction effect according to the green roof system and to quantify effect by analyzing through simulation water and heat cycle before and after green roof system. For the analysis, Distributed hydrologic model, WEP (Water and Energy transfer Processes) and WEP+ model were used. WEP was developed by Dr. Jia, the Public Works Research Institute in Japan (Jia et al., 2005), which can simulate water and heat cycle of an urban area with complex land uses including calculation of spatial and temporal distributions of water and heat cycle components. The WEP+ is a visualization and analysis system for the WEP model developed by Korea Institute of Construction Technology (KICT).

• 지역연구
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

본 연구는 도시특성요인이 지역 인구에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하고, 분석결과를 바탕으로 정책적 시사점을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 분석대상은 인천광역시 122개 행정동을 대상으로 설정하였고, 분석방법은 공간계량모형인 공간자기회귀모형(SAR), 공간오차모형(SEM), 일반공간모형(SAC)을 이용하여 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 공간측면에서 인구밀도는 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 고용밀도는 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산업측면에서 3차산업체수와 종사자수의 증가는 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 주택측면에서 아파트비율은 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 저층 노후주택의 증가는 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교육시설과 도시공원이 증가할수록 인구에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 도시관리에 대한 몇 가지 정책적 함의를 논의하였다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2006

We have focused on the building appearance according to the change of conservation policy and urban fabric in Bukchon, Seoul. The Urban Hanok, urban traditional housing type, had been evolved in modern contort from 1920's to 1960's, that is to say, many buildings(Urban Hanok) in Bukchon area has built up with a lot and road at the same time. But the change of conservation policy has an effect on the urban fabric and building(wooden structure, RC and brick building). Thus many types of building in Bukchon has undergone a various change. The purpose of this paper is to define a change factor of Bukchon buildings. Thus we need to pay attention to policy and urban fabric. We reached the result as follows. First, the change of architecture regulations according to the several policies(an aesthetic area, an altitude area for sky line restriction and so on) brought into building deformation and eventually the historic scenery of Bukchon has been spoiled. Second, the change of policy had an effect on the change of roads and lots. Buildings on a widen road and a united lot was built newly. But new buildings built up with a concrete or brick structure was not in harmony with the historic scenery of Bukchon area. Third, a development method of a large lot with lack prudence(disregarded a scale and size of lot) did damage to Urban hanok and urban fabric. With the understanding on the relationship of buildings, a urban fabric and a policy in Bukchon, we can define the identity and correspond with the urgent request for a the conservation of historic urban scenery In addition we can suggest the policy and the design guidelines for the reservation and rehabilitation for Bukchon, Seoul.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2011

도시의 온도상승의 주요 인자 중 하나가 도시부 도로이다. 본 연구의 목적은 도시도로 녹지가 표면온도의 저감에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 서울시 도로 18개 지점을 선정하여 도로횡단구성요소(주변토지이용, 차도, 보도, 식수대, 중앙분리대)별로 열화상 카메라로 표면온도를 조사하고, 도시도로 녹지 면적을 측정하였다. 도시도로 녹지의 도로 표면온도 저감에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 도로 주변토지이용이 녹지 및 오픈스페이스일 경우 도로온도에 미치는 영향이 가장 크며, 식생중앙분리대의 면적, 식수대의 면적 순으로 표면온도를 저감시키는 것으로 나타났다. 도로주변 뿐만 아니라 도로설계의 구성요소 내에서 식수대, 중앙분리대 등의 녹지면적 증가는 도로의 표변온도 저감에 영향을 미친다. 도시의 고온화현상을 완화하기 위하여 도시도로 녹지 면적을 증가시키는 것도 한 방편이다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2009

Because of urban development and changed land cover types, It is very important to acquire pixel unit of land surface temperature(LST) information when the heat island effect(HIE) of regional area are investigated. The brightness temperature observed by satellite is very useful for assessing the pixel unit of LST distributions for the analysis of thermal environment problems of urban areas. Also, satellite land cover data are very useful to our understanding of surface conditions of study areas. In this study, brightness temperature information of Landsat TM thermal channel was analyzed and compared with land cover information of Jeon-ju city. The atmospheric correction of TM thermal channel carried out to explain for compared LST long term monitoring errors. However, simple estimation and evaluation methods to find a physical relationship between LST from satellite images and in-situ data are compared with reference channel emissivity.