• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.2 s.70
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• pp.11-17
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• 2005

Rotational motion in the atmosphere around a fire may have a profound influence on the fire plume. This process underlies the occurrence of fire whirls. Fire whirls are rare but highly destructive phenomenon which were observed in a large forest, urban and building fires. The present study aims to investigate of the effect of rotation Strength on the fire whirl characteristics expeimentally. Experiments are performed for various sizes of fire source with different rotation strength. From the experimental observations, it is noted that the mean centerline temperature is gradually increased and mean radial temperature is decreased as increases rotation strength. The characteristic mean flame height of fire based on the visible observation is increased as increases of dimensionless swirl parameter, $\Omega/\alpha$, represented by swirl induced motion to buoyancy driven motion.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.198-203
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• 1992

Theoretical predictions of the atmospheric equilibrium involving $HNO_3, NH_3 and NH_4NO_3$ were compared with atmospheric measurements of particulate nitrate$(NO_3^-)$, $HNO_3$ and $NH_3$ concentration by triple filter pack sampler and Andersen air sampler in Seoul from 8th to 11th Oct 1991. The measured $HNO_3-NH_3$ concentration product K was higher than equilibrium costant Kc calculated from thermodynamic data of $HN_4NO_{3(s)} -HNO_{3(g)} -NH_{3(g)}$. The cause of K is greater than Kc was the result of air pollution, partcicularly anthropogenic $NH_3$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.525-544
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• 1999

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were one of the first airborne pollutants to be identified as being carcinogenic. This class of compounds is ubiquitous in the urban atmosphere, and has therefore undergone considerable scrutiny for the last three decades. PAH can be formed in any incomplete combustion or high temperature pyrolytic process involving materials containing carbon and hydrogen, such as fossil fuels. In this paper, the literature on the occurrence, ambient levels, and atmospheric fate and behaviour of airbonrne PAH has been reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the role of automobile sources in PAH emissions. Sampling and analytical techniques for the determination of PAH in air have also been examined. In addition, health implications and legislative aspects of human exposure to airborne PAH have been briefly reviewed. Finally, future requirements for better understanding of the atmospheric behaviour of PAH recommended.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 1986

In order to evaluate the state of the environmental pollution by vehicle exhaust in Seoul area the correlation between lead in air and leaves of roadside trees has been investigated during August in 1985. The dust in the atmosphere was collected by high volume air sampler to measure the concentration of lead. On the other hand, lead as a pollution indicator was extracted from the leaves of roadside trees (Ginkgo biloba, Salix pseudo/lasiogyne, platanus occidentalis) by conventional method and their concentrations were determined. The following results were obtained : 1. Lead concentrations in the leaves of roadside trees varied with trees, for example, the average concentrations of lead in each of the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, Salix pseudo/lasiogyne and Platanus occidentalis were 20.66 ppm, 9.37 ppm, and 10.58 ppm, respectively. 2. The dust sampled along heavily traveled highways showed that lead content tended to increase with traffic volume. 3. The correlation coefficients between lead correlation in air and leaves of Gingo biloba, Salix pseudo/lasiogyne, and Platanus orientalis were 0.80, 0.85, and 0.87, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.229-239
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• 1992

A receptor model application was performed by using a chemical mass balance (CMB) model to identify and apportion the specific source of airborne organic pollutants, particularly polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Source profiles of PAHs produced from the combustion of fossil fuels for CMB modeling were prepared by measuring them in emission gases. The emission sources which were examineed for the development of PAH source profiles are a coal-fired furnace using Yontan, a bunker-C iol heating boiler, and gasoline-and diesel engine automobiles. The ambient concentrations of PAHs were determined at four sites in Daejon city in 1991 with a seasonal variation. Wintertime air samples contained more extractable organic matter than summertime samples. The results of CMB modeling were various depending on the sampling sites and seasons, but the emission from bunker-C oil heating boliers was the predominant factor to affect local air quality throughout the year.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.430-431
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• 2006

KOMPSAT-2 was successively launched on July 28,06. She carries Fine Spatial Resolution Sensor with three channels. It is 4m monochromatic and 1m panchromatic. The main purposes would derive fine urban map and digital elevation model(DEM).Therefore we extend to coastal environment monitoring using the adjacent effect of radiation due to an interaction of radiation between heterogeneous surface and atmosphere. With data analysis of ASTER on TERA, which is 15m resolution in visible and near infrared wavelengths, we found atmospheric aerosols were always large. Note that data analysis was limited in Nagoya bay, Lake Tahoe, California & La Pozuelos, La Picasa, Argentina. Thus this time we expect data analyses around isolated island and peninsula in west and south coast of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 2004

Daylight illuminance levels in a small space were calculated using the Superlite program under limited conditions of the turbidity and thickness of condensible water of atmosphere. Three sky conditions(clear sky with direct sun, clear sky with no direct sun, overcast sky with no direct sun) were used. The atmospheric conditions significantly impacted the illuminance levels under especially a clear sky with direct sun. The overcast sky with no direct sun provided no difference for the illuminance levels in the space. As the calculation points moved away from a window, reflected illuminance levels gradually increased but direct illuminance levels significantly decreased.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.147-159
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• 1999

As we have come to realize the problems caused by the modern civilization as well as the importance of the preservation of nature. Ecological building and urban design come to attract more attention. Therefore, the object of this study is providing the design factors and improving the design methods for the developments of ecological housing complex, harmonious with environment. Followings are the results of this study: 1. We need to turn to new trend-Ecological architecture which enables the co-exitence of nature and human being to come over the presence and face new decades. 2. Ecological architecture is based on energy-saving system and give people a healty and comfortable atmosphere. 3. In the city area, the house development should be undertaken to minimize the environmental problem through extremely high ehhiciency and technonogy. 4. We need a new development to preserve natural environment in the suburvan and small or medium city. 5. We have to develope the approach method, which is to maintain the frame of present ecological environment, to be in sympathy with geomorphology, to use the natural material in the rural community.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

Indoor particulate matter(PM) is a carcinogen and needs to be removed and managed. It is generally reduced and removed through ventilation and filtration. Owing to the recent occurrence of high-concentration fine dust and yellow dust in the atmosphere, however, it is difficult to expect the purification of indoor air through the simple introduction of the outside air. For residential buildings, in particular, they are highly dependent on natural ventilation but the lack of natural ventilation is worsening because concerns over the inflow of external pollutants are increasing. Therefore, this study designed and manufactured a window ventilation system that does not require a duct to improve the maintenance and management problems of general ventilation system, and constructed indoor PM concentration change data through performance evaluation.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.987-996
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• 2003

In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the time-variation trend of air pollution concentration index and the meteorological conditions with CO(carbon monoxide) concentration and meteorological observation data in high-CO episode days. CO is a representative automobile air pollutant. The results are as follows; 1. Most of the high-CO episode days within 30 classes appeared in winter season. 2. Most of them appeared under the surface weather conditions with east-west high-pressure system. The surface winds in this high-pressure area were very light. 3. The high-CO episode days were due to unusual accumulation within urban atmosphere in the morning. 4. The Atmospheric stabilities were more stable, and then the wind-ventilation conditions were worse than yearly mean atmospheric condition in Daegu.