• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1619-1629
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• 2013

지구 온난화와 도시 열섬 현상, 그리고 도시 및 교통 환경과 도시민의 건강은 상호 직 간접적인 관계로 이어져 있다. 특히 도시 폭염 및 폭우 등과 같은 이상 기온현상은 도시민의 삶의 질과 관련되어 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있어 그 현상을 파악하기 위한 연구가 최근 다양하게 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시 피복율이 높은 도로의 기하구조 및 교통조건이 도로 주변부 기온에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 서울시 도로 5개의 서로 상이한 도로 기하구조를 가지고 있는 지점의 기온, 습도, 풍속, 교통량, 평균 통행속도, 중앙분리대 설치 여부, 가로 식재 설치 여부 등 도로의 환경(미기상적) 조건과 더불어 도로 및 교통 현황을 조사하였다. T-test 분석 결과 기온의 특성상 오전, 낮, 밤의 기온이 서로 상이하다고 밝혀졌기 때문에 도로 주변부 기온 분석 모형은 시간대별로 각각 구축되어 타당한 결과가 도출되었다. 도로 기하구조면에서는 시간대와 상관없이 식생 중앙분리대가 설치된 도로의 경우는 설치하지 않은 도로에 비해 $1.3{\sim}2.2^{\circ}C$정도의 기온 저감효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 교통조건면에서는 평균통행속도가 낮아질수록, 차로당 교통량이 많을수록 도로 주변부 기온이 올라가는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 교통 운영면에서 소통을 원활하게 하는 정책을 수행한다면 도로 주변부 기온을 낮추는 효과도 가질 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2009

This study which is the fundamental work to investigate the property of urban climate compared the property of thermal environment in the downtown location and the outskirt site based on the field observation in the summer. We analysed thermal environment in the downtown location mainly by distributional characteristics during day and night with changes and correlation analysis of the air temperature, the globe temperature and the surface temperature through the simultaneous observation of the property of thermal environment at two places in real time. The summary of finding in this study is as follows. (1)It is observed on the day chosen by sample that diurnal air temperature range in the downtown location is $22.3{\sim}34.9^{\circ}C$, and diurnal air temperature range in the Outskirt site is $20.0{\sim}34.3^{\circ}C$, so, we found that the diurnal air temperature range in the outskirt site is $1.7^{\circ}C$ higher than in the downtown location. (2)In comparison of the globe temperature after sunset, we found the change of more sudden temperature drops in the outskirt site than in the downtown location. (3)It is observed on the days chosen by sample that the average of globe temperature range is $1.1^{\circ}C$, the average of surface temperature range is $1.0^{\circ}C$, and air temperature range is $2.0^{\circ}C$, thus, the we found that the average of air temperature is $1.0^{\circ}C$ higher than globe temperature and the surface temperature. (4)After the consideration of air temperature and globe temperature distribution, the highest temperature reaching time of globe temperature is one hour earlier than air temperature in the downtown location, on the other hand, although the highest temperature reaching time of globe temperature in the outskirt sites is one hour later than in the downtown location, the timelag found in the downtown location was not found in the outskirt site.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1023-1029
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• 2017

We studied the distribution of air temperature using the high density urban climate observation network data of Daegu. The observation system was established in February 2013. We used a total of 38 air temperature observation points (23 thermometers and 18 AWSs). From the distribution of monthly averaged air temperatures, air temperatures at the center of Daegu were higher than in the suburbs. The daily minimum air temperature was more than or equal to $25^{\circ}C$ and the daily maximum air temperature was more than or equal to $35^{\circ}C$ at the elementary school near the center of Daegu. Also, we compared the time elements, which are characterized by the diurnal variation of surface air temperature. The warming and cooling rates in rural areas were faster than in urban areas. This is mainly due to the difference in surface heat capacity. These results indicate the influence of urbanization on the formation of the daily minimum temperature in Daegu.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2002

The objective of this study is to improve the quality of the atmospheric environment by incorporating the factors of meteorology and urban climate into the field of urban and environmental planning. To this end, we have conducted a study on CLIMATOP and the mapping of urban climate, which are basic data used to analyze changes in climatic factors and the stagnation and accumulation of air pollutants. In particular, we focused on understanding the formation and movement of cold fresh air and its influx into urban areas by measuring and analyzing climatic factors. As a study result, classification criteria far CLIMATOP and a urban climatic map were made. In addition, we analyzed a digital elevation model, climatic data, and isothermal curves. As a result, we identified the corridor through which cold fresh air moves. We also observed that the temperature of the fluxed cold fresh air increased as land use changed. When the results of this study are applied to urban re-development and re-building projects, which require preliminary environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment, the practice proposed by this study is expected to contribute to the natural purification of air pollution activating the movement of cold fresh air and its influx into urban areas.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2008

The cooling effects of botanical garden in urban are was investigated at Sungkyunwan University Natural Science Campus and nearby urban area during summer (20/06/2008-30/08/2008). Temperature and humidity data were observed, downloaded and analyzed. After observation single-family residential area (TNH) showed the highest air temperature while botanical garden (ARB) did the lowest one. UHI intensity between TNH and ARB was derived and investigated. The average UHI intensity was $1.5^{\circ}C$ while maximum UHI intensity was recorded at 21 : 20 by $2.29^{\circ}C$, and minimum UHI intensity at 09 : 20 by $0.45^{\circ}C$. Overall the average air temperature of botanical garden was lower to surrounding urban area by $0.5-1.5^{\circ}C$. So it was found out the botanical garden contributes to the cooling effect of the surrounding area as an urban cooling island.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2009

In order to determine air temperature difference by canopy layer in the forest, air temperatures were observed at Seolleung Park, Gahngnam-ku, Seoul. from November 9, 2007 to November 8, 2008 by 10 minute interval. The data were analyzed in terms of diurnal variation based on annual and monthly temperature difference. Using calm, less cloudy and no rainy weather data, average air temperature difference between forest and grass was observed as $0.8^{\circ}C$. The maximum air temperature difference was observed at 22:10, 23:20, 23:30 and 23:40 by $2.13^{\circ}C$ and the minimum one observed at 13:00 by $-0.84^{\circ}C$ in diurnal variation. The maximum temperature difference occurred at 19 : 50 on September by $3.67^{\circ}C$, Overall the air temperature in the forest was higher than that of grass at night and lower in midday.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.58-73
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• 2003

It is well known that urban environment affects climate, as we can see in the quality of bio-climate. However, climate has not been recognised properly in the urban planning process. The role it flays needs to be examined for better urban environment. The main objective of this study is to investigate the climate-ecological priority area which produces cold fresh air and thermal induced wind circulation between rural and urban areas. The objective is also to improve the quality of bio-climate and wind circulation at blocked urban areas. This paper uses the measurement and analysis method of wind direction and wind speed in order to investigate the climate-ecological priority area and cold fresh air corridor. In this study, local climate conditions i.e. wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity etc., were measured at nine fields and analyzed. On the basis of the climate measurement, the climate ecological priority areas were delineated; These will be assigned as climate-ecological conservation areas.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2018

여름철 도시의 친환경적 기온 저감 방안으로 고려되는 산림에 의한 기온 저감 효과를 정량화 하기 위해 광릉 침 활엽수림과 인근 포천시의 도시 지역과의 기온차를 기온, 바람, 일사, 잠열 등의 미기상 인자를 이용하여 분석하였다. 2016년과 2017년의 6, 7, 8월 3개월 동안 산림 상 하부와 산림과 도심 지역의 평균 최대 기온차는 각각 $-1.9^{\circ}C$, $-3.4^{\circ}C$로 17시경에 나타났으며, 침 활엽수림 간의 차이는 없었다. 산림에 의한 기온 저감 효과는 14시부터 17시까지 누적된 증발산량, 일사량과 양의 상관관계를 나타냈으며, 풍속과는 음의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이를 이용해 산림의 기온저감 효과를 정량화하는 모델을 개발하였다. 산림에 의한 야간 기온 저감 효과는 복사냉각으로 인한 찬공기의 생성과 생성된 찬공기가 산지의 하류로 이동하면서 발생하는 기온역전 현상에 의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 서울시내 28개 AWS를 이용해 검증해 본 결과, 서울시 각 지역 주간의 기온은 식생의 증발산에 영향을 미치는 AWS 주변 식생 면적 및 규모와의 음의 상관관계를, 그리고 야간의 기온은 주변 식생 규모 및 인근 산림의 높이와 유의한 음의 상관관계를 재확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 도시림의 조성과 관리 및 산으로부터 바람길의 조성이 도시 온도 저감에 중요함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.357-371
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• 2016

Buildings in the city acts as a cause of distorted wind direction, wind speed, causing the stagnation of the air flow. In the recent trend of climate change can not but consider the temperature rise of the urbanization. This study was aimed to analyze the thermal comfort of planetary boundary layer in different artificial constructions areas which has a direct impact on urban climate, and estimating the warming phenomena. Envi-met model was used to consider the urban structure associated with urban growth in order to precisely determine the impact of the building on the city weather condition. The analyzed values of thermal comfort index were temperature, wind speed, horizontal and vertical turbulent diffusivity. In particular, analysis of the PPD(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) represents the human thermal comfort. In this study, by adjusting the arrangement and proportion of the top floor building in the urban it was found that the inflow of the fresh air and cooling can be derived low PPD. Vertical heat flux amount of the city caused by climate change was a factor to form a high potential temperature in the city and the accumulation of cold air does not appear near the surface. Based on this, to make the city effectively respond to climate change may require a long-term restructuring of urban spatial structure and density management.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2012

최근 들어 서울시를 비롯한 대도시에 건립되는 초고층건물은 주변 공기의 대류를 변화시켜 난류현상을 유발하여 빌딩바람과 도시열섬 및 대기오염 물질 집적 등 주변 환경에 영향을 미치고 있다. 그 중에서도 고층건물의 주변지역의 기온의 공간적 변화는 환경 경사가 심한 것으로 판단된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서울시 강남구의 초고층건물 지역과 인접 지역의 기온차이를 파악하고자 2008년 3월 16일부터 2009년 3월 15일까지 고정관측과 이동관측을 수행하였다. 타워팰리스(TPL)와 숙명여고(SMG)의 거리는 불과 200m이지만 두 관측지점의 연평균 기온차는 $0.7^{\circ}C$로 관측되었고, TPL의 열대야 일수는 13일, SMG는 5일이었다. TPL의 기온이 다른 곳보다 높은 것은 고층건물에 의한 도로협곡으로 인해 sky view factor가 현저히 낮아 장파복사의 대기 중 방출이 억죄되 도시열섬현상을 가중시키고 냉난방의 단위면적 당 전력 수요가 높아, 이로 인한 인공폐열이 도로협곡에 갇혀 고층건물 지역인 TPL의 열섬현상이 인접 지역보다 높은 것으로 관측되었다.