• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 2024

Purpose: This study explores the impact of discrimination experience on stress levels among Seoul's public housing complex residents, emphasizing the moderating role of social capital. Research design, data and methodology: Utilizing the 2019 Seoul public housing (PH) panel data and an ordered logit model, the research categorizes residents based on personal and environmental factors, contrasting them across different local housing price levels. Results: We find that public housing residents' experience of discrimination has a significant impact on stress, and local housing prices are positively related to stress. Interestingly, stress due to discrimination is more pronounced in high-priced neighborhoods, which are associated with real estate inequality. Conversely, this impact is less pronounced in lower-priced neighborhoods. Importantly, social capital not only has a significant moderating effect on stress for all residents, but in high-priced neighborhoods, it also moderates the stress caused by experiences of discrimination for social housing residents. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for policy interventions to strengthen social capital and address socioeconomic disparities in public housing, and are significant for analyzing the nuanced relationship between neighborhood, housing affordability, discrimination, and stress in urban communities for public housing residents, which is a socially problematic issue.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-14
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze patterns of public school building layout types, open space and relationship with communities in the Manhattan grid plan. The study illustrates how building layout patterns of school facilities are influenced by societal demands in the urban grid environment. During the nineteenth century, the Island of Manhattan was transformed into a physical representation of the Cartesian coordinate system via the development of the grid street plan. In order to take advantage of streets as urban space, it is quite important to understand characteristics of communities and open space relationships between buildings and streets. Moreover, the strategic planning of schools' outdoor space vitalizes public streets as a critical community anchor. This research reviews 118 Manhattan public schools and categorizes them by (1) building layout type, (2) site type, (3) circulation and public open space, which are the biggest factors that determine the layout patterns of the public schools in Manhattan. As a result of analysis, the layout patterns are classified into seven types : "ㅡ", "L", "ㄷ", "ㅁ", "H", "T" and "other" type. Of these, "ㅡ" type and "L" type occur most frequently, because these configurations most flexibly fit into the limited grid-locked blocks, the various types of site & topography, and adapt most dynamically to the open spaces created by using avenues and streets. The ultimate objective of this study is to provide a case study for future efforts to plan open spaces for campuses that effectively utilize the streets in proximity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.125-138
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• 2019

This study aims to highlight the possibility in identifying species composition of fish communities using the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technique, from both of the technical introduction and the pilot test at urban ecological streams. This new emerging survey technique using eDNA is getting popular in the world as a compensating way for the conventional field survey. However, the application to the domestic cases has yet to be studied. We attempted to use this technique for identifying fish species observed at four survey points in Hwangguji-chon, Suwon City. As a result, the detected number of species by eDNA sampled once in May was significantly matched with the total number of observed species in annual field surveys. Additionally eDNA results indicated the presence possibility of the unobserved species in field last year, even though the validation may be required. This survey technique seems to be more efficient and applicable to diverse situations of the fields and species, thereby needs to be studied further. We discussed the pros and cons of the application and summarized the research directions in future.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.144-152
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence rate of hypertension and diabetes a in the urban communities and to provide the basic data for development of health promot The subjects of this study were 526 people over the age of 20, living in Seoul. Data for this collected from June 19, 2001 to September 25, 2001. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The subject group is comprised of males, $57.4\%$ and females, $42.6\%$. Their ages range from 20 to 89, and the weights from 40 to 94 kilograms. 2. In the systolic blood pressure, $36.1\%$ showed high, $56.5\%$ normal. and $7.4\%$ low. In the diastolic blood pressure, $50.5\%$ showed high, $48.9\%$ normal, and $1.7\%$. low. In the blood glucose, $70.3\%$ showed normal. $27.9\%$ high, and $1.7\%$. low. 3. There was a significant difference in the mean(SD) of the systolic blood pressure by age(p=.017) and weight(p=.005). Another significant difference was found in the mean (SD) of the diastolic blood pressure by age(p=.006) and weight(p=.007). There was a significant difference in the mean(SD) of the blood glucose by sex and age(p=.001). 4. There were significant correlations between the blood pressure and the blood glucose and the sex, age and weight. 5. The multiple regression analysis showed that the age and weight explained $9.9\%$ of the systolic blood pressure, that the weight and age explained $7.1\%$ of the diastolic blood pressure, and that the age and systolic blood pressure explained $7.0\%$ of blood glucose. The results were useful in developing health promotion programs. This study suggests that a further study be needed.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of community on the food insecurity under the control of personal socioeconomic factors which may be influence to the food security. Methods: Food insecurity and individual socioeconomic characteristics were obtained from 2012 community health survey. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were extracted from the data of Statistics Korea and local governments. Personal socioeconomic factors were sex, age, educational status, job, and monthly family income. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were administrative district (urban vs. rural), senior population rate, degree of financial self reliance, degree of financial independence, portion of welfare budget, number of welfare facilities, and unemployment rate. We analysed the relationships between the food insecurity and socioeconomic characteristics of community using multi-level analysis under the control of personal characteristics. Results: On personal level age, sex, education status, and monthly family income were related with food insecurity. On community level administrative district (urban vs. rural), degree of financial independence, unemployment rate, and proportion of welfare budget among local general government accounts were related to individual food insecurity. Rural area, district with low levels of financial independence, low portion of welfare budget, and greater unemployment rate showed a higher level of food insecurity. Conclusion: To reduce the level of food insecurity in a community it is necessary to decrease the unemployment rate, in addition to providing support from the central government by increasing the proportion of the welfare budget so that both factors contribute to raising the degree of financial independence.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2021

The modular construction method is an off-site construction method using built-in structures from the manufacturing facilities. Modular construction is commonly applied to buildings which have relatively smaller and simpler structures than other types of buildings. Although modular building has emerged in the domestic construction industry as an alternative building strategy, previous researches on the environmental characteristics of modular building has not been comprehensively studied. Thus, this study empirically analyzed the insulation performance of thermal bridge and condensation parts of the modular buildings by using IR image analysis, Air-Surface Temperature Ratio method, and temperature difference ratio. The insulation performance analysis was conducted by comparing a modular building and a RC building in Seoul. The results shows that there was no significant difference between insulation performances of RC building and modular building. Furthermore

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the concentration distributions and formation characteristics of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water supplies to rural communities. Water samples were collected twice from 40 rural households located on the outskirts of Chuncheon city of Gangwon Province in the summers of 2010 and 2011, and urban drinking water samples were collected from 20 faucets during the same period in 2011 for comparison purpose. Water temperature, pH, and residual chlorine (total and free) concentrations were measured in the field, and samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and THM concentrations in the laboratory. The average DOC concentrations in rural water samples were not greatly different between groundwater (n = 20) and surface water (n = 20) which were used as sources for drinking water (1.81 vs. 1.91 mg/L). However, the average concentrations of total THMs (TTHMs) in groundwater ($9.77{\mu}g/L$) were much higher than those in surface water ($2.85{\mu}g/L$) and similar to those in urban drinking water samples ($10.8{\mu}g/L$). Unlike urban water supply, rural water (particularly groundwater) contained more brominated THM species such as dibromochloromethane (DBCM), suggesting its relatively high content of bromide ion (Br-). This study showed that rural water supplies have different THM formation characteristics from urban water supplies, probably due to their differences in source water quality properties.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.435-447
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• 2013

This study aims to propose basic data for improvements that can actively respond to climate change in the Green Building Certifications that came into effect in March 2013, including the analysis of evaluation criteria and applications. In response to climate change, Green Building Certifications in developed countries such as BREEAM(UK), LEED(USA), DGNB(Germany), and CASBEE(Japan), have been extended to the neighborhood unit or city levels, i.e., BREEAM Communities, LEED Neighborhood Development, DGNB Stadtquartiere, CASBEE Urban Development. On the other hand, for the Green Building Certifications in Korea, some criteria such as indoor environment and energy have been given more emphasis than others such as external environment(land use, traffic, ecological environment). In addition, results from the analysis of the evaluation scores on the external environment of 79 housing complexes show that the score on the indoor environment and energy determines the evaluation grade, whereas the score on the external environment is less weighted and has less impact. Therefore, the new evaluation system for the Green Building Certifications responding to climate change should be extended from building level to urban district levels.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.150-163
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• 2022

Recently, the gated community has been increasing due to various reasons such as demand for differentiated areas and security, but various problems have been raised, including regional conflicts, traffic restrictions and disconnection of surrounding areas. Therefore, this study empirically considered what kind of spatial effect the gated community has on the surrounding area by analyzing the vitality using floating population big data and analyzing pedestrian accessibility using network analysis and social network analysis. As a result, it was found that the overall vitality in the study area was greatly affected by the land use and the building use. However, focusing on apartment complexes, even in the same land use, when the form of the complex is open to the outside, there is a lot of floating population, so the vitality is high. In terms of accessibility, assuming that the gated community is open, it was found that as the physical connectivity improved, there were more roads for pedestrians to choose from, and the accessibility improved as traffic and exchanges occurred in the disconnected space. The value of improving property rights and residential environment is also precious, but it is necessary to review how to reflect the improvement of local permeability in enhancing the publicness of cities and the value and direction of communities that can coexist with the region.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.735-745
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• 2016

In international communities such as UN-Habitat, Asian Development Bank, OECD, and etc. the importance of formulating and planning for equal living of all citizens within a city regardless of any social hierarchy is being recognized recently. For this purpose the concept of 'the inclusive city' is introduced, which requires the collective consideration of physical and social factors in urban planning. This study aims at the establishment of efficient indicators in order to graft the concept of the inclusive city on urban design, and at searching a plan capable of improving the inclusiveness through applying the developed indicators to an urban space actually. After introducing the indicators the priority orders of those are searched through AHP analysis and the corelation with the factors of urban planning is examined and analysed based on the priority, so as to suggest an efficient and practical plan for promoting the inclusive city in future.