• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.102-105
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• 2008

The most common abnormality of the umbilicus in the foal is the patent urachus. Patent urachus may be a congenital or acquired condition in foals in which the urachus fails to close spontaneously at or shortly after parturition. A 17-day-old male Thoroughbred foal was requested to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of Cheju National University. The foal showed clinical signs such as umbilical urination, anorexia, depression, lethargy, and abdominal pain for 10 days. Because of the umbilical urination, the surgery for patent urachus was performed, but he died next day. Grossly, many pale yellowish foci 10-20 mm in diameter were scattered on the throughout surface of lungs. Severe subcapsular hemorrhage was observed in left kidney. Large milky yellow mass 10X6-7 cm in size was found in the adjacent area of right kidney. Histopathologically, many abscesses with bacterial cocci were scattered in the blood vessels or adjacent pulmonary parenchyma of lungs. Severe numerous abscesses with intralesional bacterial cocci were mostly occupied in the abdominal mass from right kidney. Gram staining for tissue sections demonstrated numerous Gram positive cocci in pulmonary and abdominal abscesses. In bacterial culture, catalase-positive beta-hemolytic colonies were isolated and confirmed as Staphylococcus (S.) aureus by Vitek system. Based on the results, acquired patent urachus and then multiple abscesses may be originated from the umbilical cord infected with S. aureus in this foal.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.47-49
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• 2018

A 2-month-old female Holstein Friesian calf was noted to leak urine from the umbilicus during urination. She urinated through both the umbilicus and the urethra. A conduit from the umbilicus to the bladder was identified with ultrasonography. Uroperitoneum was ruled out because blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were within reference ranges. Surgery was performed to resect the patent urachus. Urachitis was identified during surgery. Dexamethasone and an antibiotic were used for the inflammation and postoperative cares. Meloxicam was substituted for dexamethasone since the calf showed side effects to dexamethasone. The calf recovered completely and there was no urine leakage from the umbilicus.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.262-264
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• 2010

요막관은 총 배설관에서 유래된 구조물로서, 태생기에 방광의 첨부와 제대 사이를 연결해주는 관이며, 임신 8-9개월에 완전히 막히게 되어 출생시에는 정중제인대로 남게된다. 드물게 요막관이 출생 후에도 요막관 게실, 요막관 낭종, 개방성 요막관 등으로 남아 있는 경우가 있는데, 그중 가장 심한 형태가 개방성 요막관으로 이를 통해 방광이 탈출되는 경우는 매우 드문 것으로 알려져 있다. 환아는 재태연령 41주, 출생체중 3,110 g, 아프가점수 1분 1점, 5분 7점, 정상 질식 분만되었으며, 산모는 35세로 임신 기간 중 약물 복용이나 다른 병력은 없었다. 재태연령 20주 2일에 시행한 산전 초음파상 낭성의 요막관 잔여물이 발견되었으며, 태아 자기공명영상에서 방광과 연결되는 낭종이 관찰되었다. 재태연령 40주 4일에는 고형종물 양상으로 관찰되어 초기의 낭종 형태에서 변화된 양상을 보였다. 출생 후 진찰 소견상, 제대 하방에 점막으로 둘러싸인 $3{\times}4cm$의 종물이 있었으며 요도로 삽입한 도관이 종물의 개구부를 통해 나오는 것이 확인되어 종물이 요도와 연결된 천공된 상태의 방광임을 추정할 수 있었다. 생후 1일에 시행한 복부 초음파상 수신증이나 다른 요로기형은 발견되지 않았으며, 생후 2일째 방광 복원술 및 요막관제거술을 시행하였다. 생후 9일째 시행한 배설성 방광 요로 조영술에서 방광 요로 역류는 없었고, 방광 기능은 좋은 것으로 확인되었다. 생후 10일째, 정상적인 배뇨를 보여 퇴원하였고 이후 특별한 문제없이 외래 추적 관찰 중이다. 저자들은 재태연령 20주 2일에 산전 초음파에서 요막관 잔여물로 추정되었던 낭종이 출생 후 요막관을 통한 방광 탈줄증으로 확진된 후 합병증 없이 수술적으로 완치되어 국내 최초로 보고하는 바이다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2005

Failure of the urachus to regress completely results in anomalies that may be classified as patent urachus, urachal sinus, urachal cyst and bladder diverticula. The presenting symptoms of children with urachal anomalies are variable and uniform guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are lacking. The purpose of this study was to analyze our experience and develop conclusions regarding the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of urachal anomalies. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 32 patients who were admitted for urachal anomalies from March 1995 to February 2005. The age distribution of these patients at presentation ranged from 1 day to 14 years old (median age 1 month). There were 20 boys and 12 girls. The 32 cases comprised 13 cases of urachal sinus (40.6 %), 10 urachal cyst (31.3 %), and 9 patent urchus (28.1 %). In 30 patients ultrasonography was used for diagnosis and 2 patients with patent urachus were explored without using a diagnostic method. Twenty-three patients were confirmed by ultrasonography alone and 7 patients were examined using additional modalities, namely, computed tomography for 2 patients with an urachal cyst, magnetic resonance imaging for 1 patient with an urachal cyst, and fistulography for 3 patients with an urachal sinus. The presenting symptoms were umbilical discharge (14 patients), umbilical granuloma (8), abdominal pain and fever (3), fever (3), abdominal pain (2), and a low abdominal mass (2). Excision was performed in 29 patients, and 3 patients were conservatively managed. Urachal anomalies in children most frequently presented in neonates, and the most common complaint was umbilical discharge with infection. Urachal anomalies can be diagnosed by a physical examination and an appropriate radiographic test. Ultrasound was the most useful diagnostic method. Complete surgical excision of an urachal anomaly is recommended to avoid recurrence, and the rare development of carcinoma.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 1998

The embryological and anatomical features of urachal anomalies have been well defined. Because of the variable clinical presentation, uniform guideline for evaluation and treatment are lacking. Although urachal remnants are rarely observed clinically, they often give rise to a number of problems such as infection and late malignant changes. Therefore, a total assessment of the disease with a particular focus on embryology, anatomy, clinical symptoms, as well as the most advisable management, is necessary. Twenty six patients with urachal remnants were treated at the Department of Pediatric Surgery from August 1980 to June 1998. Of these 26, 9 were classified as patent urachus 11 as urachal sinus, 4 as urachal cyst, 1 as urachal diverticulum and 1 as an alternating sinus. The group consisted of 11 males and 15 females. The age distribution was 20 neonates, 3 infants, 2 preschoolers and 1 adult. Infection was the most frequent complication and Staph. aureus was the predominant causative microorganism. Fistulogram was performed in 4 cases and ultrasound examination disclosed cysts or sinus in 7 cases. Excision was performed in 24 patients and incision and draniage in 2 cases as a primary treatment. There was no postopreative complication or recurrence.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2019

Crohn disease has a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and rarely can present with complications such as a bowel stricture or fistula. In this case report, we describe a 17-year-old male who presented with a history of recurrent anterior abdominal wall abscesses and dysuria. He was diagnosed with Crohn disease and also found to have a fistulous communication between the terminal ileum and a patent urachus. An ileocecectomy with primary anastomosis and complete resection of the abscess cavity was performed. He is on azathioprine for maintenance therapy and currently in remission. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for this complication in Crohn disease patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of urachal anomalies such as suprapubic abdominal pain, dysuria, umbilical discharge, and periumbilical mass.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.248-251
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• 2009

요막관 낭종은 요막관 기형 중 가장 흔한 질환으로서 낭종에 염증이 발생하였을 때 적절한 치료가 지연되면 패혈증 등의 심각한 합병증에 이르기도 한다. 저자는 IgA 신병증으로 스테로이드 치료 중인 환아에서 발생한 요막관 낭종의 감염이 수술적 절제로서 증상이 호전된 사례를 경험하였다. 추후, 스테로이드 치료와 낭종의 감염 사이에 연관성이 있는지에 대한 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2005

목 적 요막관 기형은 증상이 없는 경우 발견하기 힘든 드문 질환으로 유형에 따라 다양한 임상 양상을 보이며 적절한 진단과 치료가 지연되는 경우는 농양이나 복막염, 드물게는 결석 형성과 악성 종양으로 이행될 수 있다. 그러나 균일한 지침의 부족으로 진단과 치료에 어려움이 따르는 경우가 많았다. 이에 저자들은 울산 동강병원에서 치료한 14례의 환자를 분석하여 이 질환의 진단과 치료에 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 . 1996년 1월부터 2005년 6월까지 울산 동강병원에서 치료한 20세 미만의 환자 14례를 대상으로 이들의 의무 기록을 검토하여 성별 및 연령별 분포, 기형의 유형, 임상 증상, 진단 방법, 동반 기형, 치료 방법, 합병증 등을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 14명의 환아 중 남아와 여아는 각각 7명씩이었으며 평균연령은 3.8세였다. 요막관 낭종이 6례로 가장 많았으며 요막관 개존이 4례, 요막관 게실과 요막관동이 각각 2례씩 조사되었다. 동반 질환으로는 수신증이 4례로 가장 많았으며 서혜부 탈장 1례와 방광-요관 역류 1례가 관찰되었다. 진단을 위한 일차 검사로 고해상도 초음파 검사가 13례, 전산화 단층촬영이 1례에서 시행되었고 모든 환아에서 일차 검사로 기형의 유형이 확인되었다. 모두 9례에서 외과적 절제술이 시행되었으나 신생아기에 발견된 6례 중 5례는 추적 관찰을 통해 자연 소실을 확인할 수 있었다. 결 론 : 저자들은 기형에 대한 일차 검사로 고해상도 초음파 검사를 통해 용이하게 진단할 수 있었으나 정확한 유용성을 알기 위해서는 추후 다른 진단 방법과의 비교 조사가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 치료 전 동반 가능한 비뇨기계 및 위장관계 질환에 대한 정확한 평가가 필요하며 신생아기에 진단된 요막관 기형인 경우는 외과적 절제보다는 면밀한 추적 관찰이 우선되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2001

Colostrum deprived, newborn pigs (N=12, $1.64{\pm}0.05kg$) were used to study the renal threshold of carnitine, and effects of emulsified medium-chain triglyceride (MCT, tri-8:0) feeding on kinetics of plasma carnitine and urinary carnitine excretion. An arterial catheter was inserted through an umbilical artery, and a bladder catheter was inserted via the urachus. Piglets were oro-gastrically gavaged with one of six carnitine levels (0, 60, 120, 180, 240, $480{\mu}mol/kg\;W^{0.75}$) with (+MCT) or without medium-chain triglycerides (-MCT) in 0.9% NaCl solution. Blood was sampled into heparinized tubes at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 14, and 20 h after gavage, and urine was collected and pooled into 1 h or 2 h composite samples to determine free- and short-chain carnitine concentrations. Plasma from the 12 newborn piglets before gavage contained $10.6{\pm}1.2{\mu}mol/L$ free carnitine and $7.2{\pm}0.6{\mu}mol/L$ acid-soluble acyl carnitine. The renal threshold for carnitine was similar between the MCT and the +MCT group (42.6 13.1 and $46.4{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol/L$, respectively), but the correlation between plasma free carnitine and urinary excretion was altered. Plasma free carnitine linearly increased with increasing carnitine dosage (-MCT group, $R^2=0.95$, p<0.001; +MCT group, $R^2=0.91$, p<0.001), but was decreased by 50% when medium-chain triglycerides were fed. The peak in plasma free carnitine concentration was depressed by medium-chain triglycerides feeding also. Therefore, the plasma and urinary short-chain/free carnitine ratio of the +MCT group was increased by 100% and 40%, respectively (p<0.01). Feeding of medium-chain triglycerides may delay plasma carnitine elevation via altering the kinetics of absorption. Similarly, the plasma and urinary short-chain/free carnitine ratio were affected by interaction between medium-chain triglycerides and time (p<0.01). The present study suggests that an oral carnitine dose over $480{\mu}mol/kg\;W^{0.75}$ may be needed to reach the free carnitine renal threshold within a short period, especially when provided together with medium-chain triglyceride.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.109-123
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• 2024

황색육아종성 염증 질환은 담낭, 담관, 췌장, 비장, 위, 소장, 결장, 충수, 신장, 부신, 요막관, 방광, 후복막, 여성 생식기 등 다양한 장기를 침범하는 드문 양성 질환이다. 황색육아종성 염증 질환의 영상학적 소견은 비특이적이고 대개 비균질한 고형 또는 낭성 종괴로 나타나며 인접한 장기를 침범할 수 있다. 황색육아종성 염증 질환은 공격적인 양상으로 인해 때때로 악성 종양으로 오인될 수 있다. 본 임상화보에서는 복부와 골반의 다양한 장기에서 발생한 황색육아종성 염증 질환의 영상 소견 및 임상양상을 고찰하고자 한다.