• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2007

The multiplication equipment of marine products with artificial upwelling structures could be useful in the fishing grounds near coastal areas. Artificial upwelling structures could move the inorganic nutrients from the bottom to the surface. Artificial upwelling structures have been used to improve the productivity of fishing grounds. Until now, research on artificial upwelling structures has been related to the distribution of the upwelling region, upwelling structures, and the marine environment. However, little work on the optimum design of the rubber-mound artificial upwelling structures has been done to increase the efficiency of drawing up the inorganic nutrients. This study investigated the optimum cross-section of rubber-mound artificial upwelling structures by means of hydraulic experiments. The hydraulic experiments include the falling test of rubber. Based on the results of the falling test, the relationship between the length of the rubber mound and water velocity, and the relationship between the shape of the rubber and the stratification parameter were established. In addition, the effect of the void ratio of various artificial structures on the stratification parameter was studied. From the experiment, it was found that upwelling could be enhanced when the ratio of structure height to water depth was 0.3 and stratification parameter was 3.0. The upwelling was not improved when the void ratio exceeded 0.43. The optimum size of rubber mounds was determined when the incident velocity was influenced by the mean horizontal length rather than size of block.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.997-1009
• /
• 2011

In order to estimate volume transport by upwelling for single artificial seamount, same shape and size of artificial seamount already deployed was applied to numerical experiment. The result showed that strong upwelling appeared at front while took place downwelling at rear. The strongest upwelling existed at the top of the artificial seamount. Volume transport by upwelling was computed as 785 m3/s. Column arrangement was applied to two artificial seamount in three cases; case 1) no clearance, case 2) sixty-five meters of clearance as half of artificial seamount's length, and case 3) hundred-thirty meters of clearance as an artificial seamount's length. All cases of column arrangements showed more upwelling volume transport than that of single seamount. Particularly, the case of no clearance calculated as 106% and appeared the most upwelling effect comparing to two other cases. Row arrangement was also applied to two artificial seamount in three cases; case 4) no clearance, case 5) forty meters of clearance as an artificial seamount's width, and case 6) eighty meters of clearance as twice of artificial seamount's width. Upwelling volume transport in case 4 increased 48% than the case of single seamount. Other two cases of 5 and 6 were estimated as 97% increased and more effective than case 4. According to the case experiments, column arrangements show more upwelling volume transport than that of row arrangements. In cases of column arrangements, with decreasing clearance between two seamount, the effect increases while showing maximum value at clearance zero. In cases of row arrangements, on the contrary, with decreasing clearance between two seamount, the effect decreases while showing minimum value at clearance zero. Since simple barotropic condition was considered for this study, further study is necessary by considering baroclinic condition to get close to reality. In conclusion, in deploying artificial seamount, optimal arrangement should be well designed to enhance primary and secondary productivity and to increase the diversity of species as well as reducing time and space.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.579-589
• /
• 2018

Data from the two bottom moorings of ADCP (acoustic doppler current profiler), coastal weather station and CTC (conductivity temperature depth) observations for 2001 were analyzed to describe the physical processes associated with upwelling off the southeast coast of Korea. Winds were favorable for upwelling during summer, but were not correlated with currents. Shoaling of isotherms toward the coast due to the baroclinic tilting of the strong East Korean Warm Current (EKWC) provided a favorable background for immediate upwelling-response of surface temperature to southerly winds. This baroclinic effect was supported by a significant inverse coherence between the upper-layer current and bottom temperature near the coast. This upwelling is similar to the Guinea Current upwelling, which is driven by remote forcing (Houghton, 1989). Persistent southward flow was observed below approximately $10^{\circ}C$ isotherm throughout the observation period.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 2002

This study was performed to find out basic function of artificial upwelling structures. Generation of artificial upwelling current was affected by size of structures, incident current and porosity. when stratification parameters was about 3.0, relative height(hs/h) of structures was $0.125{\sim}0.15$, stable artificial upwelling current was generated in the back-side of structures. when porosity is lower than 50%, the effect of artificial upwelling structure was to be better than little by little.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.481-492
• /
• 2009

The characteristic of cold water by upwelling in the southeast of the Korean Peninsula and the effect of sea breeze in this region are investigated. The coastal upwelling around the southeast coast of the Korea Peninsula is analyzed by using Coastal Oceanographic Data statistical analyses for 5 years were carried out. The period of an cold water event, on the average, was observed southwesterly wind events. The analysis suggests that strong and persistent southwesterly winds in period of an cold water play an important role of bring the moisture to the surface, generating persistent cyclone as jangma. In order to investigate the effect of cold water on sea breeze, we considered two case. First, Exp. 1 is not occurred coastal upwelling on sea breeze. Second, Exp. 2 is occurred cold water on sea breeze. Two experiments were completed separately to the effects of cold water by upwelling. The results show the sea breeze is stronger in Exp. 2, when the cold water occurs, and weaker in Exp. 1, when there is no cold water. In order to verify the effect of the sea breeze on the cold water by upwelling, on the intensification and change of direction of the prevailing wind, the sea breeze effectively intensify cold water condition.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2008

1999년 6월 한국 남동 연안역의 울산과 감포 앞바다에 출현한 용승에 의한 냉수출현현상을 3차원 진단 수치모델을 이용하여 조사하였다. 수치실험에 의한 냉수출현은 바람 영향으로 인하여 울산-감포 앞바다의 수심 50-100m 층에서 발생한 상승류의 효과로 나타났다. 이러한 용승현상은 인접한 부산, 울산 및 감포에서 관측한 바람의 2배인 5.0/m/sec 크기의 바람을 모델에 적용했을 때 발생했다. 따라서 용승현상과 같은 특이한 해양현상을 규명하기 위해서는 육지에서 관측한 자료가 아닌 그 해역에 적절한 바람자료를 이용해야 한다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
• /
• pp.290-293
• /
• 2006

From the hydraulic experiment, it was concluded that upwelling could be enhanced when the relative structure height (the ratio of structure height to water depth) was 0.3 and stratification parameter was 3.0. In addition, the optimum size of rubbers was determined that the effect of the mean horizontal length of block was affected incident velocity than size of block. In the numerical experiment, the relation between the shape of rubber and stratification parameter was verified, ana the hydraulic characteristics of 3-D flow field around the artificial structures were investigated. Phenomena of flow field around the artificial upwelling structures corresponded with the results of hydraulic experiment. The position with maximum velocity in artificial upwelling structure was the center of top of its front side and the slip stream occurred at the inside and behind-bottom of artificial upwelling structures. The velocity of slip stream and early amplitude of velocity were higher in the inside than the behind-bottom.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.451-457
• /
• 2011

최근 용승류가 발생하는 지역에서 대규모 어장이 형성되는 원리를 이용하여 대규모 해양구조물을 건설하여 인공적으로 용승류를 발생시킴으로써 새로운 어장을 조성하는 사업이 일본과 한국에서 진행되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 FLOW-3D 모형을 이용하여 용승류 흐름을 모의하고자 하였다. 또한 FLOW-3D 모형에서 Marker의 이동을 이용하여 영양염의 용승현상을 판단할 수 있는 방법을 모색하고자 하였다. 연구결과 FLOW-3D 모형을 이용하여 용승효과를 사전에 정성적으로 판단하는 것이 가능하였다.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.6-19
• /
• 1985

한국 남동해안의 풍향에 따른 거의 균일한 용승현상 중 특히 울기-감포 근해역에 현저하게 나타나는 용승의 원인을 해양관측 자료와 기상, 해수면 변위 및 표층수온의 일변화 자료를 이용하여 연구하였다. 바람에 의한 용승현상이 강도에 있어 지역적인 차이를 보이는 것은 두가지 요인의 복합적인 영향에 기인한다. 첫째로 울기-감포해안에 발달한 동한난류(EKWC)로 인한 등온선의 baroclinic tilting 요인과 둘째로 남동해안 주변의 지형적 영향을 들 수 있다. 동한난류의 baroclinic tilting효과는 대체로 울기-감포해안 근처에서 가장 강하게 나타나며, 이로 인해 계절에 관계없이 얕은 대륙붕위로 저층냉수가 편중되어 나타난다. 따라서 표면 가까이 용승에 의한 냉수괴가 존재하며 결국 울기-감포해안에서만 여름에 바람에 의한 용승으로 표층수온이 낮게 나타난다. 또한 부산에서 감포에 이르는 평탄한 연안 해저지형도 저층냉수의 용승을 증가시키는 작용을 한다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.419-423
• /
• 2015

인공용승구조물은 흐름이 구조물에 의해 상승류와 배후면의 와류가 발생한다. 이때 저층수에 포함된 영양염이 표층으로 이동되고, 표층에선 플랑크톤 및 어류의 생태활동을 촉진시켜, 어업생산성을 향상시키는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 CFD를 이용하여 성층 상태를 고려한 인공용승류의 변화에 대하여 연구하고자 하였으며, 그 결과, 용승효과는 인공용승구조물의 최상부에서 가까울수록 좋은 효과가 나타났으며, 성층상태를 고려하지 않은 경우, 저층에서 표층으로 향하는 상승류 특성만 나타났으나, 성층상태를 고려한 경우, 상승류와 하강류가 반복되는 흐름특성을 확인 할 수 있었다.