• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2004

This study was conducted to assess the possibility of the field application of the iceharbor-type precast fishway. When overflow depth of weir is 4.0 cm in model fishway, upper part velocities appear appropriate for upstream migration of fish and the lowest overflow wall (right line) in lower part has shown velocity distribution more or less inadequate for upstream migration. Except that right line, left and middle line revealed that velocities are appropriate for upstream migration of fish. Therefore, we concluded that this fishway owing to be not broad growth width of overflow velocities according to increasing discharges can correspond to variation of water level. Also We consider that various velocities in fishway were effective, because slow velocity line can guide flow for upstream migration. For low flow, the arrangement of different crest level or each overflow part (higher left, middle and lower right, or lower left, middle and higher right) was more effactive than unform crert level. Hole plays an important role as migration pass during drought and flood flow. Therefore, We concluded that this fishway can cope with water depth variation by various overflow wall height change and raise the field applicability with better performance hydraulically and structurally.

• 물과 미래
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.225-235
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 계단식어도의 격벽 형상에 따른 수리학적 특성과 어류의 상류이동에 미치는 효과를 다루고 있으며, 상류이동이 용이하도록 격벽의 적정 형태를 제시하는 것으로 하였다. 격벽 형상에 따른 수리학적 특성을 조사하고 적정 형태를 결정하기 위해 수리실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 zig-zag 형태로 설치된 작은 notch를 가진 직사각형 격벽이 notch가 없는 단순 직사각형 격벽이나 사다리꼴 형태의 격벽보다 좋은 것이며이 밝혀졌는데, 이는 수위 저하시에도 어류의 상류이동이 가능하고 더우기 상류이동을 용이하게 하는 notch를 통한 낙하 흐름을 형성하기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. Notch는 월류 최대유속이 어류의 유영한계유속을 넘지 않는 범위 내에서 표면류를 지속하도록, 즉 무차원유량 값이 0.27과 0.41 범위 내에 들도록 설계하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2000

The fishways at Namdae-cheon and Osib-cheon were investigated from July 1998 through October 1999. There are three types of fishways on these rivers. those are baffied fishway, fish ladder, and fish ladder with gabion. Namdae-cheon has 7 baffled fishways and 19 fish ladders, and Osib-cheon has 7 gabion fishways. On namdae-cheon, 1,775 fishes of 24 species were collected. Among these fishes, 452 fishes of 11 species were anadromous fishes occupying 46% in species and 25% in number. On Osib-cheon, 1,953 fishes of 24 species were collected. Among these fishes, 483 fishes of 5 species were anadromous fishes occupying 21% in species and 25% in number. On Namdae-cheon the species number and abundance decreased gradually upstream. The poor structure of fishways seems to have worked as an obstacle to the upstream migration of fishes in the Namdae-cheon . On Osib-cheon all the observed fish species except three-spined stickleback(Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus) which stay and spawn around downstream of fiver could migrate upstream. The good structure of fishways on this river is thought to have helped upstream fish migration.

• 물과 미래
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 1994

본 연구에서는 단계식어도 내의 격벽 형상, 잠공설치, 측벽 홈설치 등에 따른 수리현상을 수리시험을 통해 규명하고 어족의 소상에 적합한 적정 구조물 형상을 제시함으로써 어도 구조물 설계에 지침이 되도록 하였다. 분석 결과 어족의 소상은 표면류 상태가 바람직하며, 잠공설치는 어족 소상을 방해하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 측벽에 설치된 홈을 돌출부로 대치함으로써 격벽 월류 유속을 줄이고 소상을 용이하도록 했으며, 퇴적된 토사를 제거하기 위해 고정식 격벽보다는 상·하 2단식 수직이동 격벽을 설치하며, 새들에 의한 어족의 피해를 고려하여 그물망을 설치하고, 어도 바닥의 색깔을 통과 어족의 색깔과 같이 함으로써 보호색 기능을 갖추는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판명되었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.885-905
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• 2020

This study described the characteristics of the upstream migration of salmon (Chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta) along Yeon-gok Stream in the eastern coastal region of Korea from October 24 to November 9, 2018 using radio tag and data storage tag loggers for the detection of the locations of tagged salmon and measurement of water temperature. Tracking experiments were conducted and classified into four types (case 1 to case 4) depending on the release time and the number of salmon tracked. Experiments from case 1 to case 3 were classified depending on the number of salmon tracked into cases in which a single tagged salmon was tracked (case 1), a pair of tagged salmon was tracked (case 2), and salmon were tracked by different sex ratios (case 3). Experiments from cases 1 to 3 were conducted between 10 AM and 1 PM, and case 4 was conducted after 3:30 PM. Salmon moved and spawned in the downstream region of the Yeon-gok, where water temperature is higher than in other rivers and salmon return in Canada, Russia, Japan, and the U.S.A. Most of the radio-tagged salmon swam in deep and shaded areas during the day but actively moved upstream close to sunset, regardless of the release time. Females showed relatively more active movements than males during upstream migration.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2011

In order to promote efficiency of upstream and downstream migration of fishes, this study has developed a combined fishway of herring-bone bottom baffle type and brush type fishways. The results obtained are as follows : 1. In a channel with constant incline, the velocity of current generally shows a distinct tendency of acceleration as it goes down the stream. But in the hydraulic experiment of herring-bone bottom baffle type fishway, the velocity reached its maximum only at 0.4m/sec, and it tended to be stable without any acceleration. 2. The velocity in the brush type fishway showed a distinct tendency of acceleration as the discharge increased. But its greatest velocity was only 0.3m/sec, and its velocity change according to the discharge increase was only 0.15m/sec at maximum. 3. The maximum velocity in the combined type fishway was less than half of the blast speed of the poorest swimmer, the juvenile eel with 90mm of body length. So any species of fishes are supposed to be able to migrate upstream from the estuary through this combined type fishway. 4. The field experiment of upstream migration showed that the combined type fishway can promote efficiency of upstream and downstream migration of any species of fishes.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.721-726
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• 1999

The fishways on Namdae-cheon and Osib-cheon and the use of migratory fishes were investifated from July 1998 through Jung 1999. There are three types of fishways on these rivers. Those are baffled fishways, fish ladder, and fish ladder with gabion. Namdae-cheon has 7 baffled fishways and 19 fish ladder, and Osib-cheon has only fish ladder with gaboin. On Namdae-cheon 1,195 fishes of 24 species were collected. Amog these fishes 241 fishes of 9 species were anadromous fishes occupying 38% in species and 19% in number. On Osib-cheon 1,015 fishes of 24 species were collected. Among these fishes 240 fishes of 5 species were anadromous fishes occupying 21% in species and 24% in number. On Namdae-cheon the species number and auundance decreased gradually upstream. The poor structure of fishways seems to have worked as an obstacle to the upstream migration of fishes on Namdae-cheon. On Osib-cheon all the observed fish species except three -spined stickleback(Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus) which stay and spawn around downstream of river could migrate upstream. The good structure of fishways on this river is thought to have helped upstream fish migration.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2014

A river fishway is a hydraulic structure enabling fish to overcome stream obstructions such as dams and weirs. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the collectibility of upstream-migrating fishes and hydraulic problems in pool-and-weir type fishway which has been established for upstream-migration at Namgang weir in the downstream of Namgang dam, and to grope for improvement measures which pool-and-weir type fishway can be switched to pool-and-partial weir type fishway through hydraulic field experiment. Exsisting fishway had problems which upstream-migrating fishes can not take a rest due to the seiche and vortex phenomena in pools and migrate to upstream because of height difference in entrance pool. In order to prevent hydraulically the seiche and vortex phenomena and establish rest area for fishes in each pool, we carried out hydraulic field experiments. In the fishway, it was to improve pool-and-weir into pool-and-partil weir, to decrease the height difference in entrance pool, and to reduce oriffice velocity of each pool. Also, we investigated fishes collectibility of after improving fishway for 6 days in September 2013. To resolve chronic problems(seiche-vortex phenomena and rest area for fishes), as weirs were remodeled into partial weir only which central part of weirs was part of non-overflow weir, we confirmed results that pool-and-weir type fishway could be switched to efficient pool-and-partial weir type fishway with relatively simple construction and low cost. Type-B which has the closed oriffices and the parts of non-overflow has the ideal conditions, but this conditions are limited to fishway of Namgang weir used in this study. Representative Ice-habor type fishway is pool-and-partial weir type fishway which has together parts of overflow and oriffices, and has excellent ability of upstream-migration. To switch from pool-and-weir type fishway to pool-and-partial weir type fishway, the size of oriffice has to be regulated by the discharge of fishway and the dimension on parts of non-overflow and overflow in weirs. Entrance pool is important facility which upstream-migrating fishes have to not only be collect but also charge with energy. In this study, entrance-pool is temporary and roughly-built, but fishes gather together more than the case of no entrance-pool. In the case of fishway which was protruded to downstream, as entrance of fishway turns toward or parallels to weir, the collectibility of fishway was excellent by attraction water.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권spc2호
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• pp.801-810
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 실내실험을 통해 하천횡단 수리구조물인 보에 의하여 상류에서 형성된 사주가 하류 지형변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 통수초기 수로의 유입구에서 흐름 교란에 의하여 강제효과가 발생하면서 상류에서부터 교호사주가 발달하고 일정한 형상을 유지한 상태로 하류로 이동하였다. 상류에서 발생한 사주가 보를 통과하는 순간, 보 하류에 세굴되었던 하상은 퇴적이 진행되고 사주의 위상이 변화되었다. 우안에서 발달한 세굴심은 하류로 이동하지만, 사주의 위상이 변화되면서 좌안으로 이동하였다. 상류에서 발생되는 교호사주의 형태가 뚜렷할수록 하류에서 발생한 교호사주의 위상변화는 빠르게 진행되었다. 또한 강제효과가 클수록, 상류에서 교호사주의 형태는 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 사주의 위상이 바뀌면서 하류의 사주는 이동속도가 점차 감소하여 이동이 정지되는 것으로 나타났다. 교호사주의 발달이 빠를수록 하류에서 형성된 사주의 파고는 크고 파장은 짧았다. 이것은 사주의 강제효과가 클수록 사주의 이동에 영향을 주는 것을 의미한다. 또한, 시간이 증가하면서 교호사주의 크기는 증가하지만 하류로 이동하지 않고 정지되어 고정사주가 형성되었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2021

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is likely to metastasize to other organs, and is often resistant to conventional chemotherapies. Thymoquinone (TQ), a phytochemical derived from the seeds of Nigella sativa, has been shown to inhibit migration and metastasis in various cancers. In this study, we assessed the effect of TQ on the migratory activity of human RCC Caki-1 cells. We found that treatment with TQ reduced the proteolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in Caki-1 cells. TQ significantly repressed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, its EP2 receptor expression as well as the activation of Akt and p38, the wellknown upstream signal proteins of MMP-9. In addition, treatment with butaprost, a PGE2 agonist, also induced MMP-9 activity and migration/invasion in Caki-1 cells. Moreover, pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K/Akt and p38 remarkably attenuated butaprost-induced Caki-1 cell migration and invasion, implying that activation of PI3K/Akt and p38 is a bridge between the PGE2-EP2 axis and MMP-9-dependent migration and invasion. Taken together, these data suggest that TQ is a promising anti-metastatic drug to treat advanced and metastatic RCC.