• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2008

Anticipatory postural adjustments are pre-planned by the central nervous system (CNS) before the activation of agonist muscles in the limbs, and minimize postural sway. Most previous studies on this topic have focused on upper-limb movement, and little research has been conducted on lower-limb movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the recruitment order of left and right trunk muscles during limb movement. Fifteen healthy subjects (10 male, 5 female) were enrolled. Electro-myographic signals were recorded on the muscles of: (1) deltoid, lumbar erector spinae, latissimus dorsi and internal oblique during shoulder flexion, (2) rectus femoris, rectus abdominis, external oblique and internal oblique during hip flexion. During right upper limb flexion, the onset of left erector spinae muscle and left internal oblique muscle activity preceded the onset of right deltoid by 8.09 ms and 19.83 ms, respectively. But these differences were not significant (p>.05). A similar sequence of activation occurred with lower limb flexion. The onset of left internal oblique muscle activity preceded the onset of right rectus femoris muscle by 28.29 ms (p<.05). The onset of right internal oblique muscle activity preceded the onset of left rectus femoris muscles by 23.24 ms (p<.05). The internal oblique muscle was the first activated during limb movement. Our study established the recruitment order of trunk muscles during limb movement, and explained the postural control strategy of the trunk muscles in healthy people. We expect that this study will be used to evaluate patients with an asymmetric recruitment order of muscle activation due to impaired CNS.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.407-412
• /
• 2020

This study investigated the technological development of Korean functional product design for posture correction. We analyzed registered and disclosed Korean patents (n=289) of KIPRIS. They were posture correction technology patents filed from 1999 to 2018. Keywords used in patent selection were posture correction, posture correction clothing, posture correction band, rehabilitation clothing, joint protection, protective equipment, and compression wear. These were then analyzed by patent application year, product type, effect pursued, and posture correction body part. The results showed that patent applications related to posture correction technology have increased since 2014. Products subject to patents for posture correction technology were device/brace (59.5%), footwear (22.5%), and clothing (18.0%). Patents for posture correction pursued various wearing effects. The effects pursued were dependent on the product type. The device/brace focused on joint protection (76.7%) and muscle reinforcement (40.7%). Footwear was focused on joint protection (90.8%). The clothes were focused on muscle reinforcement (50.0%) and body shaping (36.5%). The clothing and device/brace for posture correction were worn on various body parts of the upper limbs to feet. The posture correction product design patent was to correct various body parts. Patents pursuing upper body correction focused on spine posture correction (n=99). Patents for foot posture correction have steadily increased (n=102). Patents for posture correction of the pelvis and hip joints were relatively few (n=46). The results of this study implied the necessity to develop technology to correct posture by combining the functions of device/brace and clothing.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 2011

More than 30,000 Wooden Slips were excavated in the Juyan region in 1930s and 1970s. These slips recorded military actions of Juyan Frontier Fortress during Han dynasty, which is about BC 100 ~ AD 30. On the slips, there are many disease names and symptoms mentioned. We focused on a certain disease name, namely, Shnaghan(傷寒; injured by cold), which is the main subject of Shangha-lun(傷寒論). Looking closely into these Juan Wooden Slips, we found many articles recording Shanghan, including related diseases and symptoms, such as Shanghan(傷汗; injured by sweat), headache, fever and chills, immobilization of limbs, unacceptance of foods. And there are another Shanghan-related symptoms, such as inflation of upper-abdomen(心腹支滿), pain of upper abdomen(心腹痛), strain of both armpits(兩胠葥急), inflation of chest(胸脇支滿), tightness and fear in the chest(煩滿). Although they have no direct relationship with Shanghan, there are many symptoms, including the external wounds of waist, finger, thigh, back, breast and head, abscess of leg and elbow, sore throat, itching, leucorrhea, powerlessness of hands and legs(手足癃), visceral injury(傷臟), tinnitus, cold, warm and heat. Because the Wooden Slips are very short, with some characters even missing, we can not confirm the detail of the disease and symptoms. In addition, we will report about the herbal medicines and other treatments, which are recorded on the slips, by further research.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.123-137
• /
• 2003

This study is to present more effective starting skills through analysis of kinematic characteristics of starting motions in 300m Time Trials of Inline Skating. To achieve this goal, 6 athletes, 3 in the national team and 3 in business teams were chosen and their starting motions were examined with three-dimensional image analyses. The results of analyses in regard of positions and speed of the bodily center and angles, angular velocity, and linear velocity of articulations of lower limbs by sections of starting motions are as follows: In case of the central position, though it is effective to reduce the air resistance by lowering the upper part of the body maximumly, it is reasonable to accelerate by raising the upper part of the body to some degree for the running posture at the lower speed in the starting section. In the starting section, it is efficient to minimize the period of time in touching the ground. for this, it is necessary to train for taking motions without slippage while touching the ground. While 3 athletes in business teams kicked the ground as running right after the starting, the others in the national team slid on the ground. As the number of steps increased, the movable speed changed quickly. Thus the movable speed of athletes in the national team indicated big differences in two to three steps. If these factors are well supported, the push-away starting method might be better than the running starting method in terms of improvement of records.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.597-604
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Compound tissue defects remain a challenge to reconstructive surgeons. The objective of this study was to introduce examples of successful reconstruction of compound defects of the head and neck and upper and lower limbs, using chimeric flaps based on the subscapular vascular system. Methods: We report 19 reconstruction cases using chimeric flaps based on the subscapular vascular system. The scapular flap, scapular fascia, scapular bone, parascapular flap, latissimus dorsi, latissimus dorsi perforator flap, latissimus dorsi myocutaneous perforator flap, serratus anterior, serratus anterior fascia, and rib bone were used as components for chimeric flaps. 12 cases had defects of the upper limb, three in the lower limb, three in the head and neck area, and one case had a defect of the thoracoabdominal wall. Results: Defect sizes ranged from $6{\times}8cm$ to $20{\times}22cm$. The component used most often for skin coverage was the latissimus dorsi perforator flap; for soft tissue bulk, the latissimus dorsi; for fascia coverage, the serratus anterior fascia flap; and for bone reconstruction, the scapular bone flap respectively. All cases were successfully reconstructed without additional operative procedures or flap necrosis. Conclusion: Because it is fairly easy to employ vascular pedicles of sufficient length and diameter, enabling the use of diverse types of tissue with various shapes and sizes, the use of chimeric flaps based on the subscapular vascular system allows one - stage reconstruction tailored to the characteristics of the defect area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.303-310
• /
• 2019

Background Prosthetic hands with a myoelectric interface have recently received interest within the broader category of hand prostheses, but their high cost is a major barrier to use. Modern three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled more widespread development and cost-effectiveness in the field of prostheses. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand on patients' daily life. Methods A prospective review of all upper-arm transradial amputation amputees who used 3D-printed myoelectric interface prostheses (Mark V) between January 2016 and August 2017 was conducted. The functional outcomes of prosthesis usage over a 3-month follow-up period were measured using a validated method (Orthotics Prosthetics User Survey-Upper Extremity Functional Status [OPUS-UEFS]). In addition, the correlation between the length of the amputated radius and changes in OPUS-UEFS scores was analyzed. Results Ten patients were included in the study. After use of the 3D-printed myoelectric single electromyography channel prosthesis for 3 months, the average OPUS-UEFS score significantly increased from 45.50 to 60.10. The Spearman correlation coefficient (r) of the correlation between radius length and OPUS-UEFS at the 3rd month of prosthetic use was 0.815. Conclusions This low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric-interface prosthetic hand with a single reliable myoelectrical signal shows the potential to positively impact amputees' quality of life through daily usage. The emergence of a low-cost 3D-printed myoelectric prosthesis could lead to new market trends, with such a device gaining popularity via reduced production costs and increased market demand.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.208-214
• /
• 2021

Background: The CKCUES test evaluates the functional performance of the shoulder joint. The CKCUES test scores CKC exercises of the upper limbs to examine shoulder stability. Although the CKCUES test provides quantitative data on functional ability and performance, no study has determined the relationship between CKCUES scores and SA and TB muscle strength. Objects: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA and TB muscles in the CKCUES and unilateral CKCUES tests. Methods: Sixty-six healthy male volunteers participated in the study. A Smart KEMA strength sensor measured SA and TB muscle strength. Two parallel lines on the floor indicated the initial hand placement to start CKCUES tests. For 15 seconds, the subject raises one hand and reaches over to touch the supporting hand, then returns to the starting position. Results: The correlation between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA was strong (r = 0.650, p < 0.001), and the TB was moderate (r = 0.438, p < 0.001). The correlation between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the SA of the supporting side was strong (r = 0.605, p < 0.001), and swing side was strong (r = 0.681, p < 0.001). The correlation between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the TB of the supporting side was moderate (r = 0.409, p < 0.001), and swing side was moderate (r = 0.482, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed that the CKCUES test had a strong association with isometric strength of SA and moderate association with that of TB. These findings suggest that the CKCUES test can evaluate the function of the SA. Moreover, the unilateral CKCUES test can evaluate unilateral shoulder function.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 1976

In order to contribute to the formulation of a public health plan, the epidemiological study conducted by the record of 834 accident patients during the year Jan.1975 to Dec.1975 at Lim's clinic Chun Chon city has been analysed in hospital treatment. The accident patients were divided into Common, Psychosomatic, Industrial and Traffic. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows ; 1. Common accident showed highest rate as 32.1%, Industrial showed 28.6% rate, Psychosomatic showed 27.2% and Traffic accident showed lower rate as 12.1%. 2. The age group from 16 to 20 years old showed the highest rate as 23.0% and the distribution of this same age group in the Kang Won Province area was 20.4%, sexual grouping shows men with the highest rate as much as 69.5%. 3. The highest rate of accidents (23.9%) occurred from 3Pm to 6Pm. The highest monthly accident rate (13.1%) occurred in July, in the most concentrated season, summer (31.3%) 4. The place of indoor accidents were highest 30.3% 5. Bruise and laceration form wounds showed highest with traffic accident victims suffering 35.0% of this bruise rate 6. Wound lesions of the upper limbs showed the highest type 28,6% by head lesions 28.2% 7. Among those completely cured after treatment(84.1% of the total), intoxication cases showed the highest rate (86.5% ) 8. From accident tims to treatment at the clinic, intoxication cases had the longest wait (77.2%) treated within six hours.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.432-442
• /
• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of biofeedback exercise training on muscle activity and activities of daily livings (ADL) in hemiplegic patients. An experimental group consisting of 17 people, was given biofeedback exercise training for 30- 60 minutes per week for 5 weeks, while a control group consisting of 18 people, was given normal exercise with quasi-experimental design. Result: The results of the study show that biofeedback exercise is effective for improving muscle activity in hemiplegic patients, especially in the hemiplegic limbs. However, this study found no significant differences in ADL and IADL between the experimental and the control groups. It implies that ADL and IADL may not be improved for a short period of time, such as 5 weeks, for people with more than five years of hemiplegia. The study suggests that the effect of biofeedback exercise on ADL and IADL should be determined in hemiplegic patients in acute stage.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.511-521
• /
• 2018

The ability to realize human-motion imitation using robots is closely related to developments in the field of artificial intelligence. However, it is not easy to imitate human motions entirely owing to the physical differences between the human body and robots. In this paper, we propose a work chain-based inverse kinematics to enable a robot to imitate the human motion of upper limbs in real time. Two work chains are built on each arm to ensure that there is motion similarity, such as the end effector trajectory and the joint-angle configuration. In addition, a two-phase filter is used to remove the interference and noise, together with a self-collision avoidance scheme to maintain the stability of the robot during the imitation. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of our solution on the humanoid robot Nao-H25 in terms of accuracy and real-time performance.