• 한국작물학회지
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• 제10권
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• pp.79-83
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• 1971

뉴지랜드의 황갈색 고원 토양에 있어 Lucerne의 근류형성 및 생육에 미치는 근류접종, pelleting 및 석회시용의 효과를 시험코저 5개 수준의 종자 처리(블접종, 접종, 접종 석회 pelleting, 접종인산 백운석 50/50 pelleting, 접종활석 pelleting과 석회시용(25kg/10are)을 비교하고 그들의 상호작용을 관찰하였던바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 산성토양에서 Lucerne의 효과적 근류 형성에는 석회시용과 종자의 근류균 접종 및 pelleting이 필요하다. 2. 접종 종자를 적당한 재료로 싸면 근류헝성을 좋게한다. 3. Lucerne의 종자 pelleting은 석회시용 요구량을 감소시키는 수단이 될 수 있다. 4. 창갈색 고원 토양에서는 석회분말이 좋은 pelleting재료가 된다. 5. 종자에 접종하지 않거나 pelleting을 하지 않은 종자의 파종시는 석회시용이 효과적이다. 6. pelleting 종자 사용은 석회시용에 소요되는 품과 경비를 절감시킬 것이다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.299-303
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• 1986

녹두재배시 토양중 검기비 조절효과에 대한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 pH가 낮은 개간지 토양과 pH가 높은 숙전의 토양에 질소, 인산, 가리를 조합 시비한 시험에서 식물체와 토양시료를 심취 분석하여 이들의 검기비와 녹두수량과의 관계를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 개화기 토양중 Ca/Mg비는 녹두의 검수, 분지수 및 수량과 정의 관계가 있었으며 (equation omitted) 비는 검수 및 수량과 정의 상관관계가 있었다. 2. 개화기 토양중 Ca/Mg의 절위는 1.9∼6.4 절위이었으며 3.9 이상에서는 녹두 수량에 크게 영향하지 않았으나 1.9∼3.9 사이에서는 3.9에 가까울수록 녹두수량은 급격히 증가되었다. 3. 개화기 토양중 (equation omitted) 비는 0.17∼0.33절위이었으며 0.23이상에서는 수량차이가 없었으나 그 이하에서는 수량감소가 심했다. 4. 수확기 식물체중 Ca/Mg의 절위는 1.4∼4.3이었으며 2.6 이상에서는 수량차이가 없었으나 1.4∼2.6 사이에서는 Ca/Mg 비가 클수록 수량이 증가되었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2022

The physico-chemical properties of agricultural soil are factors that affect crop productivity and soil fertility. In Korea, agricultural environment change surveys have been conducted every four years since 1999. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and changes in the physico-chemical properties of agricultural soil in Chungcheongnam-do. Samples were collected from the exact location of the aforementioned environment survey, and environmental variables (land use, type of crop cultivated) were investigated in relation to the samples. Soil collection was conducted using a core sampler and a single gouge auger. The bulk density of the soil generally increased up to a depth of sampling of 40 cm but decreased thereafter to a depth of 60 cm. Additionally, the bulk density was highest in the upland soil case and stood at 1.59 g·cm^-3, while the lowest value of 1.52 g·cm^-3 was obtained from orchard soil samples. Conversely, the porosity and moisture gradually decreased at soil depths of 0 - 40 cm and increased at depths of 40 - 60 cm. Most of the soil chemical properties generally decreased with an increase the soil depth from 0 to 70 cm, but electrical conductivity (EC) increased up to a depth of 40 cm. Therefore, it is judged that it is necessary to lower the bulk density by supplying organic matter for agricultural land in Chungcheongnam-do.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2014

The present study investigated variations in soil microbial communities by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and the chemical properties at 24 sites of upland soils in Gyeongnam Province. The electrical conductivity of the soil under potato cultivation was significantly higher than those of the red pepper and soybean soils (p < 0.05). The gram-negative bacteria community in potato soil was significantly lower than those in the garlic and soybean soils (p < 0.05). The communities of actinomycetes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the red pepper soil were significantly higher than those in the potato soil (p < 0.05). In addition, the cy17:0 to 16:$1{\omega}7c$ ratio was significantly lower in red pepper, soybean, and garlic soils compared with potato soil, indicating that microbial stress decreased. Consequently, differences in soil microbial community were highly associated with cultivated crop species, and this might be resulted from the difference in soil chemical properties.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Weathering of bottom ash (BA) might induce change of its surface texture and pH and affect physical and chemical properties of soil associated with greenhouse gas emission, when it is applied to the arable soil. This study was conducted to determine effect of weathering of BA in mitigating emission of greenhouse gases from upland soil. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a field experiment, methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emitted from the soil was periodically monitored using closed chamber. Three month-weathered BA and non-weathered BA were applied to an upland soil at the rates of 0, 200 Mg ha^-1. Maize (Zea mays L.) was grown from July 1_st to Oct 8_th in 2018. Both BAs did not affect cumulative CH₄ emission. Cumulative CO₂ emission were 23.1, 19.8, and 18.8 Mg/ha/100days and cumulative N₂O emission were 35.8, 20.9, and 17.7 kg/ha/100days for the control, non-weathered BA, and weathered BA, respectively. Weathering of BA did not decrease emission of greenhouse gases significantly, compared to the weathered BA in this study. In addition, both BAs did not decrease biomass yields of maize. CONCLUSION: BA might be a good soil amendment to mitigate emissions of CO₂ and N₂O from arable soil without adverse effect on crop productivity.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: Impact of incorporating hairy vetch into soil on mitigating nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from maize field in South Korea has not been investigated, whereas impacts on soil properties and nutrients for crops have been investigated. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine N₂O emission from upland soil incorporated with hairy vetch for one year in maize field. METHODS AND RESULTS: Hairy vetch was grown in an upland soil from November, 2017 to May, 2018 and incorporated into soil on May 25 of 2018. Control and conventional treatment (NPK) were included for comparison. Gas samples were collected weekly for a year to examine N₂O emissions from the soil. Chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer stimulated N₂O emission in short term resulting in the greatest cumulative N₂O emission in NPK (6.72 kg N₂O ha^-1) compared to the control (4.04 kg N₂O ha^-1) and hairy vetch-incorporated field (5.43 kg N₂O ha^-1), and the greatest yield of maize from NPK, because total N input was much greater by NPK (186 N kg ha^-1) than by hairy vetch (81.6 N kg ha^-1). CONCLUSION: Incorporation of hairy vetch reduced N₂O emissions from the maize compared to the NPK-treated field. However, further research on improving crop productivity with incorporation of hairy vetch is needed.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 1984

석회(石灰)를 첨가(添加)한 맥주오염(麥酒汚泥)를 신개간지(新開墾地) 토양(土壤)에 직접시용(直接施用)하고 옥수수에 대(對)한 비교(肥效)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 전토양(田土壤)에서 석회(石灰)를 첨가(添加)한 맥주오염(麥酒汚泥)의 무기화(無機化)는 생오염(生汚泥)에 비(比)하여 빨랐으며 이는 석회첨가(石灰添加) 오염(汚泥)의 C/N율(率)이 낮고 Ca함량(含量)이 높았던 것에 기인(基因)된 것 같다. 맥주오염(麥酒汚泥) 시용량(施用量)이 증가(增加)할수록 생육상황(生育狀況)이 양호(良好)하고 수량(收量)이 증가(增加)되었으며 토양중(土壤中) 질소(窒素) 및 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量)도 같은 경향(傾向)이었다. 그러나 석회첨가(石灰添加) 오염(汚泥)에서 암모니아태(態) 질소(窒素) 휘산(揮散)이 높은 것으로 판단(判斷)되어 생오염(生汚泥)가 유기자원(有機資源)으로서는 더 유망(有望)한 것으로 보인다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.1057-1069
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• 2020

For most upland crops in Korea, underground water is used to ensure an adequate water supply. Thus, surface water storage tanks are needed to supply surface water from reservoirs or streams. This study discusses the design, manufacture and monitoring of a water storage tank capable of reliably supplying water to crops and preventing the inflow of floating debris. The study was conducted in an apple orchard in Yesan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do in Korea. Based on the water requirements of the crops and size of the orchard, a required flow volume of about 0.6 ㎥·h-1 was determined, along with a surface water storage tank capacity of 1.2 ㎥. Following a comparison with other materials, stainless steel (STS) was used to construct the water tank. The tank was designed to provide 14 hours of irrigation, enabling a small-capacity, cost-efficient tank design to be used. A surface water irrigation test was performed using the surface water storage tank. The average surface water irrigation flow rate was 0.00045 ㎥·m-2·h-1. The water quality test showed that the pH, suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) values satisfied the reference values for agricultural water. The test results showed that the surface water storage tank evaluated in this study allows for crop irrigation when there is a lack of groundwater during droughts.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2021

The expansion of upland crop cultivation in rice paddy fields is recommended by the Korean government to solve the problem of falling rice price and reduction of rice farmer's income due to oversupply of rice. However, water use efficiency is significantly influenced by the land use change from paddy field to upland. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the water budget of soybean grown in using APEX (Agricultural Policy and Environmental eXtender) model. The amount of runoff was measured in a test bed located in Iksan, Jeollabu-do and used to calibrate and validate the simulated runoff by APEX model. From 2019 to 2020, the water budget of soybean grown in uplands were estimated and compared with the one grown in paddy fields. The calibration result of AP EX model for runoff showed that R² (Coefficient of determination) and NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency) were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. In addition, the validated results of R² and NSE were 0.81 and 0.62, respectively. The comparative study of each component in water budget showed that the amounts of evapotranspiration and percolation estimated by APEX model were 549.1 mm and 375.8mm, respectively. The direct runoff amount from upland was 390.1 mm, which was less than that from paddy fields. The average amount of irrigation water was 28.7 mm, which was very small compared to the one from paddy fields.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1239-1248
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• 2020

This study performed to conduct a test to increase the amount of appropriate organic matter input to organic upland soil, soil fertility, and its effect on the chemical changes and yield of corn in soil due to organic use. The pH level of the T1, T5, and T6 treatment zones where livestock excreta was used was raised to 6.0-6.5, the optimal range of the soil in Korea, and it was confirmed that the pH value was appropriate. Electrical Conductivity (EC), organic content (OM), and total nitrogen (T-N) were also identified as a trend of continuous increase. The quantity of corn gradually increased from 74.1% to 96.4% over the four-year period with the use of organic materials compared to the beginning of the test, and the utilization efficiency of nitrogen has also increased. The results of the study were found to have been able to examine the increase in quantity and changes in soil chemistry through crop cultivation using organic materials such as natural materials, green manure crops, and livestock manure compost, and it is also believed that the changes due to various factors such as soil environment, soil microbes, and climate conditions need to be made through continuous research.