• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.81-92
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was an investigation of the effect of unstable supporting exercise in young adults with functional ankle instability. The study tested the use of a jumper and virtual reality (VR) training via a VR-head mounted display (HMD) system to provide functional improvement in proprioception, range of motion (ROM), ankle muscle strength, agility, and balance. Methods: The subjects comprised 61 young adults (in their twenties) with functional ankle instability to decide as less than 24 points using Cumberland ankle instability tool. The subjects were divided into three groups: VUS (VR-HMD and unstable supporting exercise, n = 20), VSS (VR-HMD and stable supporting exercise, n = 19), and NUS (non-VR-HMD and unstable supporting exercise, n = 22). The exercise program was conducted three times per week for three weeks. VR training via a VR-HMD system and a VR application on a smart mobile device were used with the VUS and VSS groups, and unstable supporting exercise was used in the VUS and NUS groups for 30 minutes. Proprioception, ROM, ankle muscle strength, agility, and balance were measured before and after training. Results: The VUS group showed significant differences in most results, including proprioception, ROM, ankle muscle strength, agility, and balance to compare before and after, and the VSS and NUS groups partially. Moreover, the VUS group had significant differences in most results when compared with the other groups. Conclusion: Unstable supporting exercise and VR training via a VR-HMD system improved functional ankle instability in terms of proprioception, ROM, ankle muscle strength, agility, and balance.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.13
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• pp.223-246
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• 2000

The major entity supplying the supporting infrastructure of the venture creation is the venture capitalists, university(and research center), and government. Especially, the role of the university and academic entrepreneurs is the key factor in the process of the technology transfer. The capacity(or role) of the academic entrepreneurs to craft a vision, and then to lead, inspire, and persuade key members makes an enormous difference between success and failure. And the supporting model of academic entrepreneurial venture creation requires that the systematic supporting system as well as the institutional framework for handling the conflicts among the members of a committed venture team. Among the a variety of organization, the university needs to supply the, formal supporting program such as technology transfer, university-industry cooperation, venture development, and the perception of the mere presence of policies and programs designed to encourage entrepreneurial activities for fostering economic development. Besides, careful consideration must be given to the role universities should play in the regional economy and what policies are appropriate to allow it to play that role effectively. On the basis of the above literature review results, this article suggests the supporting model for the venture creation by the strategic alliance composed of the industry, university, and government considering both of the entities's role and the motives of academic entrepreneurs in venture creating process.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2002

Database as a supporting system for decision-making is one of essential parts for realizing precision farming. Application models on constructing a database for precision farming, including collection of spatial and attribute data, were suggested using a GPS, DXF files, AutoCAD, a Java application program and PostgreSQL DBMS in this study. The constructed spatial database based on the schema design of spatial and attribute data table was evaluated as a supporting system for decision-making by a simulation of a virtual variable-rate chemical applicator. The applicator could extract the values of soil property at its consecutive location in the tested field in communication with the constructed database, and prescribe the corresponding variable-rate of chemicals. The results of the study suggested the possibility that the constructed database can function a supporting system for decision-making for precision farming.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-61
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to design an inquiry supporting tool on wiki based collaborative learning and to investigate the effect of the inquiry supporting tool. Eight design principles were selected and more specified design strategies were made from the literatures. The first system with the first-round design principles was developed and implemented in an actual classroom. After the first field study, researcher found a few drawbacks of the system. The second system was implemented in the classroom again. Finally developed wiki-based inquiry supporting tool system is unique in that it allows instructors to design their own CSCL inquiry activities, and it has intuitive menu tabs showing inquiry learning processes.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2019

Prussian blue (PB) is well known for its excellent $Cs^+$ ions adsorption capacity. Due to the high dispersibility of PB in aqueous phase, composite materials imbedding PB in supporting materials have been introduced as a solution. However, building PB particles inside porous supporting materials is still difficult, as PB particles are not fully formed and elute out to water. In this study, we suggest layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly to provide better immobilization of PB on supporting materials of poly vinyl alcohol sponge (PVA) and cellulose filter (CF). Three different PB attachment methods, ex-situ/in-situ/LBL assembly, were evaluated using PB leaching test as well as $Cs^+$ adsorption test. Changes of surface functionality and morphology during PB composite preparation protocols were monitored through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that LBL assembly led to better PB attachment on supporting materials, bringing less eluting PB particles in aqueous phase compared to other synthesis methodologies, such as ex-situ and in-situ synthesis. By enhancing the stability of the adsorbent, adsorption capacity of PVA-PB with LBL improved nine times and that of CF-PB improved over 20 times. Therefore, the results suggest that LBL assembly offers a better orientation for growing PB particles on porous supporting materials.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the muscle activity of shoulder stabilization according to change of supporting base interval between push-up bend and push-up plus position and is to prevent or treat a shoulder injury by the most effective exercise for rehabilitation. Methods : This study analyzed the muscle activity according to change of supporting base interval between push-up bend and push-up plus movement. The participants without neuromuscular disease were 25 students - 12 males and 13 females - all twenty or over and the surface electrode of EMG attached on pectoralis major, triceps long head, middle trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi. The process has practiced 3 sessions of supporting base interval - narrowing interval, two shoulder interval, broad interval - by push-up bend and push-up plus movement. Result : 1. The muscle activity of pectoralis major was significantly increased according to narrow interval of supporting base on push-up plus movement and was significant difference(p<.05). 2. The muscle activity of biceps was significantly increased according to narrow interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). 3. The muscle activity of middle or lower trapezius was a difference according to change of supporting base on push-up bend and push-up plus movement but was not significant difference. 4. The muscle activity of serratus anterior was significantly increased according to broad interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). 5. The muscle activity of latissimus dorsi was significantly increased according to broad interval of supporting base on push-up bend movement(p<.05). Conclusion : These results lead us to the conclusion that push-up bend exercise have the effect of muscle strength of biceps on narrowing interval, of serratus anterior or latissimus dorsi on broad interval and push-up plus exercise have the effect of muscle strength of pectoralis major on narrowing interval of support base.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.11
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• pp.23-43
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• 2002

It is concentrated their efforts on expanding establishment mind like creating regular subject about establishment business of students and establishment business supporting center in University. Students creation enterprise club for establishment business with this hot wind of change and it seems to be success with hot wind of venture creation and gather many students for it. But practical result of research says that there are many problems like absence of education program, insufficient of professional leader, missing exact purpose so members decreased and activity itself piled up. Also creation business supporting system for student didn't conveyed to students evenly and effectively as much as original purpose and feeling effect is short of expectation. Therefore it will be required to reorganize supporting system and operate existed club to raise their ability of basic quality and gift that needs to do company activity and create basic mind about principal of free enterprise through activity of establishment enterprise by students. And we have to interest in their activity for creation enterprise with exact consciousness of purpose and prepare systematic, material, human supporting system that needs to establish enterprise with our knowledge and ability.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-69
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• 1996

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze stress distribution in implant supporting tissue according to different types of attachments such as combination bar attachment, Hader bar attachment, O-Ring attachment and Dal-Ro attachment that are used in mandibular overdenture by using two osseointegrated implants, to study the influence that POM IMC used in bar type attachment has in implant supporting tissue and compare the preceding analyses to find out an effective stress distribution method. Three dimensional photoelastic method was used to obtain the following results. (A) Analysis of stress distribution according to attachment type 1. Under vertical load condition, compressive stress was seen at implant supporting area of working side on all the photoelastic models but in Hader bar attachment tensional stress was seen at distal upper area of implant supporting area. Relatively Hader bar and O-Ring attachment showed even stress distribution pattern. 2. Under vertical load condition, compressive stress at implant apex area and tensional stress at implant lateral supporting area were seen at nonworking side of all models. 3. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, general compressive stress was seen at working side implant supporting area in most of the models, especially at distal upper supporting area higher compressive stress concentration was seen in combination bar attachment and tensional stress concentration, in Hader bar attachment. 4. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, compressive stress at implant apex area and tensional stress at implant lateral supporting area were seen at nonworking side of all models, except O-Ring model which showed compressive stress only. (B) Influence of POM IMC to stress distribution in bar type attachment 5. Under vertical load condition, better stress distribution pattern was seen at working side of combination bar and Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 6. Under vertical load condition, stress value was increased at nonworking side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC and tendency of increasing compression was seen at nonworking side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 7. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, better stress distribution pattern was seen at working side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC but tendency of increasing stress was seen on working side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC. 8. Under $25^{\circ}$ lateral load condition, stress reduction was seen at nonworking side of combination bar attachment model using POM IMC but tendency of increasing stress was seen at nonworking side of Hader bar attachment model using POM IMC.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the Effect of Lunge Exercise on the Balance of Stable and Unstable Supporting surface. Method : The experimenter was a healthy twenties male and female. The period was two weeks, divided into a stable group and a unstable group. Setting the holding time 4 sec 3 sets of 10 times using the Stable and Unstable Supporting Surfaces. The break time was set at one minute for each set. Balance cushions were used for unstable supporting surfaces. Results : After Lunge Exercise, Both groups had an impact on improving their ability to balance. Conclusion : There has not been much change in the ability to balance the stable and Unstable Supporting Surfaces. However, considering surface conditions, the pre and post exercise comparisons had an effect on improving the ability to balance.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.137-151
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• 2012

Objectives : provides the basis on steaming processing method (SPM) which was stated in 'Dongeuibogam' and 'Euihakipmun'. Methods : Drugs and prescriptions listed in 'Dongeuibogam' and 'Euihakipmun' were investigated by following criteria; (i) name and prescription of SPM-applied drugs, (ii) protocols on the use of the supporting materials, (iii) kind of supporting materials, (iv) processing period, (v) part of the herb plants, (vi) efficacy of herbal drugs, (vii) tastes of herbal drugs, (viii) meridian tropism of the herbal drugs. Results : 1. The number of herbs was 92 species of from 'Dongeuibogam', 87 from 'Euihakipmun', and the number of prescriptions was 197 from 'Dongeuibogam' and 119 from 'Euihakipmun'. 2. Infiltrating steaming and mixing and steaming procedures were used to process supporting materials. 3. The abundance of supporting materials was in the order of alcohol and ginger juice. 4. A twelve hour-period was most frequently used. 5. The herbal parts used most were in the order of fruit, seed, roots, and stem. 6. According to an efficacy category, a drug supplementing invigoration was used most frequently and a drug eliminating heat followed next. 7. Based on four spirit features, herbs showing warm, cold, and mild features were used most. 8. In considering five tastes, herbs showing sweet and bitter tastes were used most. 9. The herbs supporting the function of liver, kidneys, spleen, stomach, and lung were used in SPM. The herbs converging to the kidneys and the liver were conducted most in 'Dongeuibogam' and 'Euihakipmun' respectively. No case for herbal drug converging to 'Samcho' was reported. Conclusions : Our investigation on the use of SPM from 'Dongeuibogam' and 'Euihakipmun' revealed that there are special principles underlying the use of supporting materials, SPM period, parts and efficacy.