• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• 제34호
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• pp.111-131
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• 2017

Korean Shamanism has long been regarded as the peripheral cult or supersition by the majoriy of the society. This fact is a result by the influence of the mass media, especially the motion pictures, which intentionally reflected the negative images of the Shamanism. The documentary films, which stress the objectivity and the reality, rather disclose the neutral position toward the Shamanism. In fact, the directors of the documentary films who have more or less close relationship with the Shamanism have tried to exhibit the mental world and the traditionality of the Shamanism. In this paper, I will explore the value of Shamanism reflected in the documentary films. I focus of two films; directed by the Korean and directed by a foreigner. In this way, I can compare the attitudes of the two directors toward the Korean Shamanism. The director of confessed that he was attracted by the aspect of a musical underlied in the shaman ritual. However, the film does not show the artistic beauty of the shaman music because the director failed to understand the essential aspect of the shaman ritual, that is, the music. In this way, the director failed to show the distinct characteristics of the shamanism to the audience. The director of , a music herself, was focused on the music of the shamanism. The story flows to the adventure to seek a "master" with a long journey to enjoy diverse genres of Korean performing arts. This story resembles the epic shaman song, the Princess Bari. In this way, the audience can easily grasp the beauty of Korean culture. Music is said to be a universal language and, at the same time, a non-universal language which reflects a special trait of a cultural community. The Korean shaman ritual music is a non-universal language that is an accumulation of the Korean culture for a long time. The Korean director fails to exhibit the essential characteristics of the Shamanism since he does not have enough knowledge toward the shaman ritual music in . However, the foreign director, who is a music herself, successively disclose the underlying beauty of Korean shaman ritual music and Korean traditional culture in .

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 1983

As calculation of R factor value in the Universal Soil-Loss Equation is tedious, a new simple method (IAS Index) to approximate the R factor value is proposed. Although the several methods have been tested to get R value, no one fits our conditions. IAS Index is simply calculated by summing up the amount of rainfall over two months with maximum $EI_{30}$ values. The Index is highly correlated to $EI_{30}$ value in western part of peninsular. The difference is less than 10% between $EI_{30}$ value and IAS Index. Therefore, R factor can be estimated from IAS index, summing up the rainfall amount of June and August in this region. However, IAS Index works poorly in other region, especially, eastern coastal side. The large difference may be partly due to side distribution of $EI_{30}$ value, which means no special $EI_{30}$ peaks during heavy rainy months. In this case, IAS Index is not applicable directly.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.731-737
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• 2024

This study conducted a quantitative research on the artistic perception and acceptance of value among buyers of commodified digital art known as NFT artworks. NFTs, digital assets, have shown rapid growth as investment products, but recently there has been a trend of declining value. However, NFT art, characterized by uniqueness and scarcity, continues to undergo continuous development to create new opportunities and values. Nonetheless, there are also negative opinions regarding NFT art itself as a form of technological art, as well as concerns about copyright disputes and fears of a bubble due to the conversion of physical artworks into NFTs. Predicting the value of artworks targeting specific demographics is difficult, and the value of innovative art such as NFT art, which changes along with the fluctuation of cryptocurrency values, is even more challenging to predict. Therefore, through research on the buyers who play a crucial role in the growth and development of this new form of art, the study aims to contribute to the expansion of NFT art.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2002

Soil erosion is detrimental to sustain soil productivity in north Korea, since agriculture of this country depends largely upon the slope land in mountainous area. Taking any measure for protection from erosion should be based on prediction of soil loss. Estimation of rainfall factor, R, in north Korea for the Universal Soil Loss Equation was attempted. The monthly precipitation data of the twenty six locations provided by the Korean Meteorological Adminstration were used. From the relationship between II_30 and the July-August precipitation concentration percents, the regional adjustment factor was obtained. The rainfall factor was calculated with the monthly precipitation data and the regional adjustment factor. The annual precipitation in north Korea ranged from 606 to 1,520mm, and the July-August precipitation concentration percents were 34.4 to 53.8. The regional adjustment factor ranged from 0.53 to 1.33 showing lower value in the highland and east coastal region than in the mid mountainous inland and west region. The R-factor value estimated from the monthly precipitation and the regional adjustment factor ranged from 107 to 483, which was lower than average value in south Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2019

This study was conducted for the purpose of examining the Outstanding Universal Value, World Heritage Values, in Suzhou classical gardens and the operational method of the protection management of historic gardens, and the results of the study are as follows; The first, as a world heritage, Suzhou gardens proved OUV by showing the taste and lifestyle of the literati, the unique class of Chinese history, to the natural environment of the East Yangtze Delta region. In addition, it showed the exchange of international culture with unique Chinese garden techniques. Second, a authentic reconstruction of garden have original value because it exist records of the near past. The 20th-century archives described by the contemporary language and describing the heritage through images using such media as photography and drawing played a decisive role in restoring gardens. Third, the protection management of Suzhou gardens, which began in the 1950s, was carried out in detail, including the reconstruction of components such as buildings, the restoration of plant materials and horticulture technique, the creation of a list through the records of trees, the maintenance of props such as plaque, furniture, and the project to improve water quality and restore waterscape. The last, after the World Heritage inscribing, Garden's protection management was proceeded in two directions. One is that through the reorganization of the administrative management system and the enactment of laws related to Suzhou classical Gardens, the listing heritage is strictly protected and managed, and the other is that the historical gardens are used to establish urban masterplan and urban identity in Suzhou. The range of garden properties greatly expanded by distinguishing the principle of conservation from protection to rational use and the grade of protection, such as whole protection, maintenance protection and protection of historical sites.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was analyzed by comparing the effect of glass fiber reinforcement addition on the strength of resin denture base. It was intended to provide a reference data useful for clinical application. Methods: The test specimens (length $64.0{\pm}0.1mm$, width $10.0{\pm}0.1mm$, thickness $1.0{\pm}0.1mm$, $1.5{\pm}0.1mm$, and $2.0{\pm}0.1mm$ respectively) were made. In the experimental groups resin denture base reinforced with glass fiber were fabricated. In the control groups resin denture base were fabricated by conventional method. After specimen fabrication was completed, transverse test was performed using a universal testing machine. Results: The transverse strength value in CON group was $83.08{\pm}9.07MPa$ for 1.0 mm, which ranked the highest in value. On the other hand, the value was $56.07{\pm}5.15MPa$ for 2.0mm, which ranked the lowest in value. And CON+SES group was $119.80{\pm}30.70MPa$ for 1.0mm, which ranked the highest in value. On the other hand, the value was $84.00{\pm}7.97MPa$ for 2.0mm, which ranked the lowest in value. Also, the flexural modulus value in CON group was $2,983.10{\pm}506.92MPa$ for 1.0mm, which ranked the highest in value. On the other hand, the value was $1,257.64{\pm}230.48MPa$ for 2.0mm, which ranked the lowest in value. And CON+SES group was $4,679.41{\pm}1578.29MPa$ for 1.0mm, which ranked the highest in value. On the other hand, the value was $2,512.36{\pm}527.09MPa$ for 2.0mm, which ranked the lowest in value. Conclusion: The reinforced glass fiber increased the strength of resin denture base, effected to reduce the thickness of resin denture base.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2014

Recently, multiple metropolitan counties and local authorities have been actively working on improving their local existence with various methods and strategies. Such change cannot be observed when local authorities were chosen by the government. Also, the public administration has recently emphasized important factors of public design which seeks better lifestyle and outward beauty from quantitative growth and policy of strongly considering outward form due to the compressive modernization. Public design intends to complete aesthetic factor and improve the quality of life as the efficiency as the value of public administration. The purpose of this study is to discuss how public school has been evolved as public space and how to create local user-centered interaction. The study retrieve the communication which the essential publicness in the school public design and the self-management which is the original value in terms of sociology. The method in which the characters of the public design of the publicness have been changed will be concentrated on in public area. In addition, the study has been focused on the efforts of the reflection of the development in public design are the challenges for the aim of the design of the publicness.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.289-292
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• 1993

The effect of sugar alcohols in the preparation of acceptable low methoxyl pectin(LMP) jellies were studied. Sensory scores analysis, Hunter's color parameters and texture profile analysis using universal testing machine were performed. The composition of sweetners used in this study were 100％ sucrose, 75％ sucrose and 25％ maltitol, 50％ sucrose and 50％ maltitol, and 50% sucrose, 25％ maltitol, 12.5％ sorbitol'and 12.5% mannitol. LMP jellies with 100％ sucrose showed the strongest sweetness among them. Other sensory characteristics of LMP jellies were regarded as same. Hunter's value of lightness, redness and yellowness of 100％ sucrose jellies and jellies substituted with maltitol up to 25％ were not significantly different, but those of LMP jellies substituted with 50％ sugar alcohols were higher(p<0.01) than other 3 types of jellies. As substitution ratio was increased, springiness and chewiness were lower(p<0.01). Fracturability(p<0.01) and hardness(p<0.05) of jellies made of 100% sucrose and 75％, sucrose and 25% maltitol showed higer value than the other jellies. Springiness of jelles sweetened with sucrose and 3 sugar alcohols was the highest(p<0.05). Replacement of sucrose by sugar alcohol did not influenced on gumminess and cohesiveness of LMP jellies.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• 제46권
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• pp.351-380
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• 2010

Multinational Enterprises set the prices for transactions between affiliates based principally on their global interest. But the customs authority in Korea wants to set the arm's length price as high as possible to get higher dutiable value for customs purpose, while the internal tax authority in Korea prefers lower arm's length price to get higher value for corporation tax purpose by cutting costs. Problem caused by the inconsistent valuation methods on the same imported goods of the two tax authorities is the single most important tax issue facing multinational enterprises. In the meantime, the customs authority in Korea has thought that it is a universal trend worldwide for the Customs and Internal tax authorities to adopt different methods of valuation on transfer prices between related parties, so KCS couldn't accept APA prices. But the internal tax authority in Korea has taken the initiative in APA program so NTS provided taxpayer with safe-harbor. Recently, KCS created the Advance Customs Valuation Arrangement(ACVA) provisions in the 2008 revision bill of the Customs Act through benchmarking APAs program. Can APAs work for customs? Neither WCO or OECD presents any recommendation on the integration of the valuation methods, but calls for close cooperation between two authorities, which still leaves taxpayers very unstable. We will start to seek ways to integrate the customs valuation and transfer pricing in this study.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.151-160
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• 1981

The purpose of this study was to compare the retentive values of various dental cements used for cementing the orthodontic bands on the teeth. Sound freshly extracted human premolar teeth were selected for the study. Eleven commercial dental cements (Zinc phosphate, reinforced Zinc-oxide eugenol, Carboxylate and Glass ionomer cements) were handled under standardized conditions. All cemented speciments were then kept in a thermostatic humidor cabinet regulated at $23{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and more than $95\%$ relative humidity and tested after 24 hours and 1 week each. The force required to remove the cemented orthodontic bands from the teeth was determined on an Instron Universal Testing Machine using a modified specimen holding device with a cross-head speed of 0.20mm/min. The results obtained were as follows: 1, The retentive values of the band cemented with zinc phosphate cements and carboxylate cements were considerably higher than those of the reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol and glass ionomer cements. 2. There was no significant difference between the retentive value of carboxylate cements as compared with zinc phosphate cements. 3. The retentive value of the reinforced zinc oxide eugenol cements was lowest all of the coements. The retentive values expressed for all cements up to at least one week were highly but no significant difference was found between the 24-hour and 7 day time intervals.