• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.18-35
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• 2000

Universal service policy is the core of telecommunications policy and, therefore, in many countries, governments have been accomplished universal service as the critical goal of telecommunications policy. In the past when the market was under monopoly, the monopolist had the responsibility of supplying for universal service, whereas supply cost complemented through internal assistance. From 1998 when WTO basic telecommunications negotiation took effect, however, telecommunications markets fully opened, it was impossible to supply of universal service under the past system. Therefore, governments of major countries are trying to renew laws and institutions for policies compatible with competition environments. In this paper, I analyse and compare major countries' policies for the universal services and try to find out policy implication for Korea.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2015

In general universal service in telecommunications means a regulatory tool to secure the availability of basic communication services like fixed telephony at an affordable price throughout a country. A re-evaluation of the scope of existing universal service, however, is becoming a core issue as the penetration and usage of broadband and mobile communications matures and a new ICT ecosystem emerges. This study examined whether the universal service polices in Korea need adapting and updating to include broadband and mobile telephony in the universal service, which is based on the necessary and sufficient conditions derived from previous research and foreign countries' experiences : geographical ubiquity of a certain service and the market's ability to provide the service. The result shows the nationwide ubiquity of broadband and mobile communications exists but the ultimate goal pursued by universal service polices trying to make them available and affordable for all is being fulfilled by market dynamics in Korea. Thus, the inclusion of both services in the scope of universal service is regarded as an unnecessary regulation at present time and the expansion of universal service could be addressed as a long-term issue depending on market conditions in the future.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.20
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• pp.111-139
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• 2003

This study aims to explore concepts of public interest and universal service which have been essential ideologies and policy goals, but which have been a the state of conceptual chaos so far. It sheds light upon three aspects : (1) the origins of public interest and universal service, (2) conceptual components of public interest and universal service, and (3) the implementation of public interest and universal service ideologies into policy. As a result of this analysis, it was found, firstly, that public interest of broadcasting originated from western countries, was rooted in the United States, and then spread all over the world later. After universal service was begun in the United States, it became a key ideology of information and telecommunication in European countries and other countries as well. Secondly, when examining the conceptual components, more differences were found than commonalities between these two concepts. The most conspicuous common point was universalism The concept of public interest includes not only universal service, but also connotes other components such as independence, diversity, quality, and locality which are related to content. Thirdly, when these two ideologies are implemented into policy, there Is a contrast. This study shows that the public interest ideology was realized into regulatory policies, while the universal service ideology was realized into supportive policies. In conclusion, this paper suggests more exact usage academically, showing the differences between the two concepts. This paper recommends an enforced legal duty of broadcasters to provide universal service when the current broadcasting law is revised.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.211-220
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• 2007

This study aims at suggesting marketing policies for the postal business to accommodate itself to the rapidly changing business environment. Especially according to the development of Internet, the decrease of the market that is the basis of postal business enables the reason for the existence of postal business to be lost. In this environmental change, this article is a study that explained the survival policies of postal business in terms of marketing. This study, as a theoretical research, examined the current situations of postal business by means of the environment analysis of universal services and postal business, and as a practical research, this study suggested the new paradigm of postal business, the strengthened universal services, and the marketing policies in viewpoint of the diversified businesses by means of the practical investigation of the course of postal business focusing on the postal service users.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.137-153
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• 2022

In the process of promoting policies to strengthen health insurance coverage, the relationship between public health insurance and private health insurance, along with the management of non-benefit, is also emphasized as a policy issue. First, the concept and scope of non-benefit were comparatively analyzed by country. Second, the interaction between the public and private health insurance was classified as 'large or small,' and the government's regulation and management policy on private health insurance was classified as 'strong or weak.' Korea has relatively smaller benefits covered by public health insurance, higher copayment expenses, and more areas and scope of non-benefits. In countries where the interaction between public and private health insurance is small, private health insurance-related policies are weak. And in countries with large interactions had public-private partnerships and the government's management policies were also strong. On the other hand, Korea has a large interaction, but the actual structure of cooperation between public and private insurance and management policies were weak. Because the non-benefit sector in Korea is relatively wide, it is difficult to manage compared to other countries where the concept of non-benefit is limited. In addition, the health authorities rarely perform the role of supervision over private health insurance, and they have so few linkages and cooperation for public-private insurance. Therefore, practical policy enforcement is necessary to achieve the easing of the burden of national medical expenses through linkage and cooperation of public-private health insurance with reference to relevant other countries' cases.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-34
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to clarify the background of the controversial attempt to establish a new public medical school linked to compulsory service as a means of strengthening public healthcare in Korea, and to raise anticipated problems with possible solutions. In Korea, healthcare is predominantly provided by the private sector focused on medical care, rather than public healthcare, even under the national health insurance system. The government has been mainly in charge of public health and unmet medical services from a residual perspective, but health inequalities still exist. To resolve this issue, the government created the concept of public health and medical service (PHMS) from a universal perspective and tried to strengthen the infrastructure of public healthcare and to foster core PHMS doctors by establishing a new public medical school linked to compulsory service in medically vulnerable areas. This study investigated the reality and concept of the new public medical school planned by the government, and identified problems such as the possibility of obtaining accreditation and evaluation before its establishment, the side effects of dividing doctors' roles, the waste of huge amounts of resources, and insensitive policies. In conclusion, in order to resolve health inequalities in Korea, we need to train doctors through medical school education that strengthens the social responsibility of doctors along with strengthening public healthcare infrastructure, and to provide a better environment for doctors working in medically vulnerable areas through sophisticated policies.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.45-69
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to suggest how to improve the public library service for the disabled, by analyzing stakeholders' needs for it. To this end, it analyzed stakeholders' needs, by conducting an analysis on the current condition of the public library service for the disabled, and IPA on and FGI with the disabled, beneficiaries of the service and service provides, employees in charge of it. The findings show that the current condition of the public library service for the disabled is very poor in terms of disabled users, budget for the service for the disabled and special data for the disabled. For the analysis on the needs for the service for the disabled, the results of IPA suggest that it is necessary to improve relevant policies and manage integrated programs reflecting users' needs, and those of FGI indicate that perceptions on disability need to be improved among the disabled, the non-disabled and employees, and that the usage guidance and publicity are required for disabled users to generally use the public library service.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10c
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• pp.117-119
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• 2000

UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System)의 Core Network에서는 SGSN(Serving GPRS Support Node)과 GGSN(Gateway GPRS Support Node)사이의 전송계층을 IP-Over-ATM network을 기반으로 한다. 이는 비연결형(connectionless) IP 트래픽들을 연결지향형(connectionoriented) ATM 전송계층을 통해 전송함으로 이때 효율적인 자원관리를 위해 적절한 VC(Virtual Circuit)의 접속과 해제를 수행해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 [1]에서 제안되는 GPRS(General Packer Radio Service)의 Web 트래픽 모델에 대하여 기존의 VC의 Holding-time을 결정하는 기법인 Holding Cost Pricing Model(LRU, Mean-Variance, Adaptive policy) [2]을 GGSN과 SGSN사이의 ATM 전송계층에 적용하였다. 각각의 기법들에서 VC의 이용률(utilization)과 설정율(setup rate)을 비교함으로써 Adaptive policy 기법의 성능이 다른 기법에 비해 효율적임을 알 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.294-308
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• 2009

It is growing a necessity of consideration and management to the relevant policies for the elderly Patriots and Veterans systematically in order to increase the life-supported services since the rapid growth of the aging society. It is difficult to ensure the outcome of cost-effectiveness about the policies because of the residual welfare view and the limitation of the government budget in terms of the traditional Bohun(Korean independent movement activists, veterans and sacrificed advocators for democratization) service, though. In addition, it is not realized the individual activity and daily life-supported services yet to the elderly Patriots & Veterans since the concentration of security income and medical care. Accordingly, it is proper to quest a new Bohun policy from the traditional residual welfare view to universal or ubiquitous welfare service, which will enable them to get the various care service benefit in terms of cost-effectiveness. In this vein, the study is trying to figure out the alternative supply mechanism in-home care service to the elderly Patriots and Veterans; especially, the study emphasizes on the linkage between the regional social welfare service system and Bohun welfare service system.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.1342-1350
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• 2009

In accordance with the development of broadcasting, the style of using medium by users has been personalized in the propensity to consume. Recent advent of media convergence allowed users of medium to decide the received environment for their needs, thereby the position of users has become more important in the medium consumption. IPTV has the most advanced form of personalized information media. However, IPTV was made by media convergence, which has relation with a variety of interested parties, so there are a few troubles among them in the way of commercializing IPTV. As a matter of fact, although users play a leading role in the IPTV industry, there are still few discussions on the welfare of users. IPTV should be remained the characteristic of the medium of personalized information, and it should include the welfare of users in various fields of media convergence. That is Universal Service. It is necessary to be guaranteed the access right and the variety of contents in using IPTV. Moreover, in terms of telecommunication, IPTV should insure the reasonable fare system as a pay-services. On the basis of the analysis in local and international IPTV circumstances, in terms of content as a medium of personalized information, in terms of fares as a pay-services, and in terms of digital literacy as a new medium of digital access, policies for welfare of users are suggested.