• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.163-166
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Characteristics of Flexible housing Unit Plan Choice. It is believed that Flexible Housing relates to Family life cycle and the number of family. But this study revealed another factor, Space Syntax. It is reviewed that the Space Syntax effectively reveals the relative spatial depth of the spatial elements composing flexible housing unit plan. Thus, the Space Syntax is adopted as an analytic method of this study to objectify the concrete spatial changes. Through this study, the spatial organization of each case before changing is compared wi th that after changing, to find out the spatial changes over variation, Based on this theory, this study provide basic data to be used for architectural planning for flexible design. To design common facilities that support residents' leisure activities is one of the contemporary issues in Korea. People became interested in the leisure facilities in near-home environments. This trend encouraged this research study. The objectives of this study are to analyze the current status and characteristics of leisure facilities in apartment communities, to examine the correlations among leisure facilities, and to suggest design considerations for korean multi-family housing communities.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out the residents' consciousness of the unit plan on condominium apartment and to contribute to develop a condominium apartment unit plan in Daejeon City. This research was performed by a questionnaire survey method, 464 data was collected from apartment residents lived in about $85\;m^2$ unit with 3 rooms and the apartments was limited to the complexes within 1-4 years of the length of building at Yuseong-gu and Seo-gu. By analyzing those data, findings are as follows: 1) Residents thought living room, kitchen and bathroom were importment space in a unit plan. They needed a storage function in an entrance and a intermediate room, and Anbang(mater bedroom) so did. 2) L-DK plan type was very popular and the type of front DK with L on the floor plan was preferred. This was unique results. 3) Sub-kitchen was needed for a refrigerator of Kimchi, the location of it was related to a main kitchen and a utility. the third room was needed for library, home office and storage space. 3) Bath-tub in An-bang and showe-booth in public bathroom was preferred. This was same to the popular trend of Korean condominium apartment. 4) The enlargment remodeling of balcony was showed livingroom balcony or personal bedrooms at the time of occupancy. They needed the balcony near a kitchen or an utility to equip a storage facility. Additionally, residents were preferred to their taste rather than a choice of interior concept package services.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제38호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2003

The residential apartments have become a choice of a popular housing space since the first establishment of Mapo apartment in 1962. Therefore, the residential market experienced a bloom where residential apartments were sold as they were built simultaneously. However, this phenomenon was turned around and unsold lots appeared after the period of IMF and as the construction companies put out more various apartments by differing the characters and the strategies in building apartments. As a result, the leadership of residential market moved from the suppliers to consumers, in consequence, the wants of the consumers became more demanding. The consumer can freely control the number of rooms with a variable wall system or a bigger sized apartment with two entrances to the living room as well as having a bathroom with a master bedroom in a small-sized apartment. Many conceptual trials like this were taken to improve the residential environment and to give a change to the unit plan of the public housing. From these changes, one can observe a general trend that is taking place in current residential housing. Consequently, this study is on the type classification of unit plans in public housing built after 1999 and dwelled from 2001. The objectives of this study are to confirm the characteristics of the unit plans applied in recent public housing and provide basic materials that can be incorporated to residential space plan from now and hereafter.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.339-344
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out the residents' perceptive opinions of apartment housing environment and to contribute to develop a apartment unit plan in Daejeon City. This research was performed by a questionnaire survey method, 464 data was collected from apartment residents lived in about $85m^2$ unit with 3 rooms and the apartments was limited to the complexes within 3 years at Yuseong-gu and Seo-gu. By analyzing those data, findings are as follows: 1) Residents thought living room, kitchen and bathroom were importment space in a unit plan. They needed a storage function in an entrance and a intermediate room, and Anbang(materbed room) so did. L-DK plan type was very preferred. 2) Sub-kitchen was needed for a refrigerator of Kinch, the location of it was realted to a main kitchen and a uitility. the third room was needed for library, home office and storage space. 3) The enlargment remodeling of balcony was showed livingroom balcony or personal bedrooms at the time of occupancy. They needed the balcony near a kitchen or an utility to equip a storage facility. And residents were preferred to their taste rather than a choice of interior concept package services.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 중학생의 로하스 의식을 함양시키는 것이다, 이를 위해 중학교 2학년 기술 가정 '의복의 선택과 관리' 단원에서 로하스 관련 교육 내용 요소를 추출하여 학습 주제를 선정하고 실천적 문제 중심 교수 학습 과정안을 개발하여 수업에 적용하였다. 개발된 교수 학습 과정안은 경기도 시흥시 소재 중학교 2학년 8학급 학생을 대상으로 학급별로 5차시씩 적용하였다. 교수 학습 과정안의 학습 주제는 로하스 소비와 관련하여 일반적인 의식, 오가닉 패션, 천연 자연소재 섬유, 재활용 소재 패션, 천연 염색 총 5가지이며 총괄 실천적 문제는 '로하스 의식을 함양하기 위해 나는 무엇을 해야 하는가?'로 설정하였다. 각 교수 학습 과정안의 특징은 문제 인식의 도입 단계에서 정보 탐색 및 정보 선택을 하는 전개 단계를 거쳐 실천적 추론을 하는 정리 단계로 구성되었다는 것이며, 총 5차시에 걸쳐 활동지와 읽기 자료, 교사 도움 자료를 포함, 총 34개의 자료를 개발하여 로하스 의식을 함양할 수 있게 하였다. 교수 학습 과정안을 수업에 적용한 결과 로하스 의식은 일반적인 로하스 의식, 의복의 선택과 관련한 로하스 의식 모두 수업 전보다 수업 후 유의미하게 함양되었다. 또한 학생들은 본 수업이 로하스 의식 함양에 도움이 되었고 이로 인해 의복의 선택과 관련하여 소비 생활에 대한 생각 및 태도가 많이 변화되었다고 하였다. 본 연구는 학생들이 로하스 소비라는 국가 사회적 흐름에 동참하며, 사회가 요구하는 소비자로서의 자질을 갖추도록 했다는 점에서 교육적 의의를 가진다. 더불어 가정과 교육에서 건강과 환경, 사회를 위하여 로하스 의식 함양을 위한 다양한 교수 학습 과정 안이 개발되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

The performance of building should be deteriorated with time while the building would maintain and manage the function and performance to get a living condition. For the efficient maintenance of the building, the repair cycle would be provided and applied during the service-life time. The service-life time of the building components would be needed to determine the repair time and the repair scope. The service-life time of the building components would be calculated with the 1st repair time and the recovery rate of the performance, considering the recovery rate after repaired. In this paper, the 1st repair time would be estimated with the normal probability distribution, choice probability and 3rd quadratic function. The recovery rate of the building components assumes various level according to the research target and utility area. The results of this study are as follows ; first, most of the components of the building work would range about 30 years in the service-life time and the components of the mechanical works range from 28 years to 37 years, those of the electrical works would be about 31 years.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2017

PURPOSES : Pavement Management System contains the data that describe the condition of the road. Under limited budget, the data can be utilized for efficient plans. The objective of this research is to develop a mixed integer program model that maximizes remaining durable years (or Lane-Kilometer-Years) in road maintenance planning. METHODS : An optimization model based on a mixed integer program is developed. The model selects a cluster of sectors that are adjacent to each other according to the road condition. The model also considers constraints required by the Seoul Metropolitan Facilities Management Corporation. They select two lanes at most not to block the traffic and limit the number of sectors for one-time construction to finish the work in given time. We incorporate variable cost constraints. As the model selects more sectors, the unit cost of the construction becomes smaller. The optimal choice of the number of sectors is implemented using piecewise linear constraints. RESULTS : Data (SPI) collected from Pavement Management System managed by Seoul Metropolitan City are fed into the model. Based on the data and the model, the optimal maintenance plans are established. Some of the optimal plans cannot be generated directly in existing heuristic approach or by human intuition. CONCLUSIONS:The mathematical model using actual data generates the optimal maintenance plans.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.303-315
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the housing unit and investigate needs of housing in Home Economics curriculum of Home Economics teachers. The questionnaire survey was conducted 98 teachers participated in the minor training course in Chungbuk, August of 2000. When the teachers made their class in the section of housing, they emphasized respectively as the textual order: the space of housing and family life, the utilization of space, clean of residing circumstance in the middle school: and in the high school there was also concerned to the textual order: choice of housing, the house planning, interior design, maintenance of house. The teachers focused into the arrange of furniture and interior design for the students in the class, drawing of a plan in the contents of practical experience and performance. According to the survey results, the main point of class in housing should be emphasized the arranging of own room and function of other spaces in house for the students in the middle school. The high school curriculum should focus on the practical area to connect with the interior design. And in the section of housing it was needed to add the contents of management in the multi-family housing, housing problems, neighborhood environment for elderly, and also community planning.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.589-593
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• 2019

Post-traumatic defects of the distal third of the leg often require skipping a few steps of the well-established reconstructive ladder, due to the limited local reliable reconstructive options. In rare cases, the reconstructive plan and flap choice may encounter challenges when the patient has psychiatric illness affecting compliance with postoperative care. We describe a case of a patient with severe intellectual disability and an open fracture of the distal lower limb. After fracture management and debridement of devitalized tissues, the resultant soft tissue defect was covered with a free gracilis flap. On postoperative day 7, the patient ripped out the newly transplanted flap. The flap was too traumatized for salvage, so a contralateral free gracilis muscle flap was used. The patient showed good aesthetic and functional outcomes at a 1-year follow-up. When planning the postoperative management of patients with psychiatric illness, less complex and more robust procedures may be preferred over a long and complex surgical reconstruction requiring good compliance with postoperative care. The medical team should be aware of the risk of postoperative collapse, focus on the prevention of pain, and be wary of drug interactions. Whenever necessary, free tissue transfer should be performed despite potential compliance issues.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제32권
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• pp.17-29
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• 2020

목 적: 전립선 방사선 치료 시 회피 영역을 지정한 혼합 에너지(Mixed Energy Partial Arc, MEPA) VMAT 치료 계획의 선량평가를 통해 임상 적용 가능성을 평가한다. 대상 및 방법: 전립선암 환자 9명을 대상으로 치료 장비 True Beam Stx(Varian Medical System, USA), 치료 계획시스템(Eclipse, Varian Medical System, USA)을 이용하여 치료 계획용적(PTV)에 2.5Gy, 30회로 총 선량 70Gy를 처방하여, 회피 영역을 지정한 혼합 에너지 치료 계획과 6MV 1 ARC, 6MV, 10MV 그리고 15MV 2 ARC 치료 계획과 비교 분석하였다. 혼합 에너지 치료 계획은 첫 번째 ARC에서 갠트리 각도 180°~230°, 310°~50°은 6MV로 지정하고 230°~310°, 50°~130°는 회피 영역으로 지정하였고 두 번째 ARC에서 갠트리 각도 130°~50°, 310°~230°는 에너지 15MV로 설정 후 50°~310°는 회피 영역으로 지정하였다. 2가지 치료 계획을 각각 최적화 및 선량 계산 후 Sum plan을 생성하였다. 각각의 치료 계획은 선량체적히스토그램(Dose Volume Histogram, DVH)을 이용하여 PTV의 최대선량, 평균선량, D2%, 처방 선량 지수(Conformity Index, CI), 선량 균질 지수(Homogeneity Index, HI) 및 손상위험장기(Organ at Risk, OAR)의 선량을 분석하였다. 또한 monitor unit(MU)와 치료시간(beam on time)을 분석하였다. 결 과: MEPA 치료 계획은 PTV에서 최대선량, 평균선량, D2%값은 75.86±0.47, 71.95±0.51, 73.92±0.45로 6MV 1 ARC 계획보다 낮은 값(전체 p<0.0005)을 보였고 6MV, 10MV, 15MV 2 ARC 치료 계획과의 비교에서 최대선량은 평균 차이 각각 0.24%, 0.39%, 0.60%(p<0.450, 0.321, 0.139), D2% 값 0.42%, 0.49%, 0.59%(p<0.073, 0.087, 0.033)로 높게 분석되었다. 평균선량은 10MV 2 ARC 치료 계획보다 0.09%(p<0.615) 낮았지만 6MV 2 ARC와 15MV 2 ARC와의 비교에서 각각 0.27%, 0.12%(p<0.184, 0.521) 높게 나타났다. HI는 0.064±0.006로 가장 낮은 값으로 분석(p<0.005) 되어 가장 좋은 균질도를 보이며 CI는 MEPA에서 1.12±0.038, 6MV 1 ARC, 6MV, 10MV, 15MV 2 ARC 각각 1.12±0.036, 1.11±0.024, 1.11±0.030, 1.12±0.027로 모든 치료 계획에서 유사한 값으로 분석되었다. 직장 선량은 MEPA가 모든 선량 분석 파라미터에서 낮은 값으로 분석되었다. 특히 V70Gy, V50Gy, V30Gy, V20Gy은 3.40, 16.79, 37.86, 48.09으로 직장에 조사되는 저 선량 영역의 체적을 의미 있는 만큼 줄일 수 있었다. 방광선량은 V30Gy, V20Gy이 다른 치료 계획에 비해 낮은 값을 보였다. 하지만 양측 대퇴골두 비교에서 MEPA는 평균선량 9.69±2.93, 9.88±2.5로 비교된 치료 계획에 비해 2.8Gy~3.28Gy 높은 값을 보였다. 평균 MU값은 MEPA가 6MV 1 ARC보다 19.53%, 10MV 2 ARC에 비해 5.7% 감소하였다. 결 론: 저에너지 X선(6MV)과 고에너지 X선(15MV)을 사용 한 MEPA는 각각 에너지의 장점을 취해 비교한 치료 계획보다 개선된 HI와 동등한 CI값으로 분석되어 만족할 만한 PTV coverage를 보였으며 방광과 직장을 보호하는데 효과적이라고 생각된다.