• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2007

최근 들어 보행자 내비게이션을 위한 3차원 공간데이터의 요구가 급증하고 있다. 보행자 내비게이션에 있어서, 3차원 모델은 일반인의 시각에서 구체적으로 표현되어야 할 필요가 있다. 보행자 내비게이션을 위한 공간을 상세하게 구현하기 위해서는 실외 환경뿐만 아니라 지하쇼핑센터와 같은 실내 환경에서도 적용될 수 있는 3차원 모델을 개발하는 것이 필수적이다. 그러나 GPS 없이 모바일 맵핑만으로 3차원 데이터를 효율적으로 취득하기란 대단히 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 3차원 형상을 레이저 스캐너로 측정하고, 표면 텍스쳐는 CCD 센서로 취득하였으며, 계속적으로 변화하는 센서의 위치와 높이는 IMU를 통해 측정하였다. 또한 IMU의 위치데이터는 GPS의 위치보정 없이 CCD 이미지의 상대 표정을 통해 수정하였다. 연구결과로써, 디지털 카메라 및 레이저 스캐너와 IMU와의 통합을 통해 실내 환경에서 신뢰성 높고, 빠르며, 간편하게 3차원 공간 데이터를 취득할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.319-341
• /
• 2016

Objective:This research analyzed the lower-limb motion in kinetic and kinematic way while walking on various terrains to develop Foot-Ground Contact Detection (FGCD) algorithm using the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Background: To estimate the location of human in GPS-denied environments, it is well known that the lower-limb kinematics based on IMU sensors, and pressure insoles are very useful. IMU is mainly used to solve the lower-limb kinematics, and pressure insole are mainly used to detect the foot-ground contacts in stance phase. However, the use of multiple sensors are not desirable in most cases. Therefore, only IMU based FGCD can be an efficient method. Method: Orientation and acceleration of lower-limb of 10 participants were measured using IMU while walking on flat ground, ascending and descending slope and stairs. And the inertial information showing significant changes at the Heel strike (HS), Full contact (FC), Heel off (HO) and Toe off (TO) was analyzed. Results: The results confirm that pitch angle, rate of pitch angle of foot and shank, and acceleration in x, z directions of the foot are useful in detecting the four different contacts in five different walking terrain. Conclusion: IMU based FGCD Algorithm considering all walking terrain possible in daily life was successfully developed based on all IMU output signals showing significant changes at the four steps of stance phase. Application: The information of the contact between foot and ground can be used for solving lower-limb kinematics to estimating an individual's location and walking speed.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.521-534
• /
• 2021

연구목적: 본 논문에서는 스마트 폰의 IMU센서를 사용한 PDR 방식의 실내 위치 추적 기법을 제안하고자 하며, 보다 정확한 추정을 위해 스마트 폰의 자세 변화로 인한 오류를 최소화하여 이동방향, 걸음 수, 보폭의 세 가지 정보를 추정하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 연구방법: 제안된 기법의 유효성과 성능을 실험을 통해 확인하고자 하였으며, 동일한 조건에서 기존 성능기법과 비교해 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법을 입증 하고자 한다. 연구결과: 실험을 통해 측정된 측위 오차는 기존 기법의 평균 오차가 1.84m이고, 제안된 기법의 평균 오차는 0.76m로서 제안된 기법이 기존 기법보다 보행자의 실제 이동 방향과 위치를 더욱 정확하게 추정할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 결론: 본 논문에서 제안하는 스마트 폰의 IMU센서를 사용한 PDR 방식의 실내 위치 추적 기법은 모든 국민이 보유한 스마트 폰을 활용하여 재난 시 신속한 대피를 위한 자신의 위치 인식 및 이동 방향 인식에 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.676-684
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for falls and to suggest data for developing a program for preventing falls. Methods: This was a case-control study in five university hospitals and a general hospital. In total, 216 patients over the age of 18 yr admitted from January 1 to December 31, 2007 participated. One hundred eight patients with experience of falling were matched by gender, age level, diagnosis, and length of stay with 108 patents with no experience of falling admitted on the same unit. A quality assurance coordinator nurse in each hospital examined 35 fall risk factors developed by researchers. Results: In acute hospitals, history of falls, orientation ability, dizziness or vertigo, general weakness, urination problems, transfer/mobility difficulty, walking dependency, impatience, benzodiazepines, diuretics, and vasodilators showed significance on adjusted-odds ratios for fall. Logistic regression analysis was performed to elucidate the factors that influence falls. The probability of falls was increased by dizziness/vertigo, general weakness, and impatience/agitation. Conclusion: This finding can be used as a useful resource in developing nursing intervention programs to predict and prevent the falls of inpatients.

• Advances in materials Research
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.337-359
• /
• 2019

Shape Memory Polymer Composites (SMPC) have gained popularity over the last few decades due to its flexible shape memory behaviour over wide range of strains and temperatures. In this paper, non-linear bending analysis has been carried out for SMPC beam under the application of uniformly distributed transverse load (UDL). Simplified C⁰ continuity Finite Element Method (FEM) based on Higher Order Shear Deformation Theory (HSDT) has been adopted for flexural analysis of SMPC. The numerical solutions are obtained by iterative Newton Raphson method. Material properties of SMPC with Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) as matrix and carbon fibre as reinforcements, have been calculated by theory of volume averaging. Effect of temperature on SMPC has been evaluated for numerous parameters for instance number of layers, aspect ratio, boundary conditions, volume fraction of carbon fiber and laminate stacking orientation. Moreover, deflection profile over unit length and behavior of stresses across thickness are also presented to elaborate the effect of glass transition temperature (T_g). Present study provides detailed explanation on effect of different parameters on the bending of SMPC beam for large strain over a broad span of temperature from 273-373K, which encompasses glass transition region of SMPC.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2013

There have been numerous researches on Nak-An village in Jeollanamdo, one of the most representative traditional castle village in Korea. Most of them have dealt with general and physical architectural scale and features separately. Therefore this study aims to understand the compositional characteristics of building layout and exterior space and the relations between street system and dwelling unit of folk houses in Nak-An village. The study examined houses of ordinary people in Nak-An village constructed before the village was not affected by foreign influences. 36 folk houses in Nak-An built from nineteenth century to early twentieth century and believed to have few physical changes from the original floor plans and architectural forms were the subjects to be analyzed. The most popular types in building layout are "Open L"and "Open U". The most typical orientation of main building is Southwest. The favorable entry into the dwelling lot is from the side. The street system in the village consists of main streets of South-North, resulting in dwelling lots with North-South axis most general. This site condition forces the entry into the lot from North main street and the side access to the main building. From these findings, the building layout and the entry into the dwelling lot of folk houses in Nak-An are strongly related with street system and conditions of dwelling lot.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.640-647
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 BLU(back light unit) 검사에 적합하도록 잡음에 강건한 일반화 대칭 변환을 주목 연산자로 제안하여 적용함으로써 형태와 크기 및 명도가 다양한 BLU 얼룩들을 효과적으로 검출하였다. 제안한 주목 연산자는 두 화소 명도변화의 크기와 대칭성뿐만 아니라 그 방사(radial)방향의 수렴 및 발산 극성도 반영시켜 잡음이나 불규칙한 배경영상의 양극성 대칭도 누적을 상쇄시킴으로써 명도분포가 일정치 않고 복잡한 무늬의 배경을 갖는 BLU 특유의 검사영상으로부터 얼룩만을 효과적으로 검출할 수 있도록 하였다. CCD 카메라로 입력된 고해상도의 BLU 검사영상에 대해 실험하여 BLU 얼룩 검사에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권7호
• /
• pp.279-291
• /
• 2020

This study aims to develop the concept of innovation models with the marketing channel construct approach, marketing innovation, product segmentation, and customer insight; as well as improvements to the theory of resource-based combined with the method of service-dominant logic. This study approach is based on quantitative descriptive conducted with three stages of testing scenarios. The first test is the mapping of the innovation model construct through testing the validity and reliability with the moderation of customer orientation variables. The second scenario examines the relationship of influence between the independent variables on the dependent variable of 29 hypothetical analysis equation modeling. The unit of analysis was conducted on 497 SMEs involved in the food and beverage sectors, with the criteria being SMEs must have a rating of 4-5 points on the Go-Food applications software. The results shown that: 1) the construct used to develop an innovative model both directly and via moderation is positive and significant; 2) Through a complicated relationship that involves all components of the variable, it outlines a positive and significant effect except for the path of analysis (μ5). The theoretical and managerial implications state that the service-dominant logic approach and resource-based view theory have extreme reliability and interrelations.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.174-182
• /
• 1992

The hemagglutinin-esterase glycoprotein (HE) gene of bovine coronavirus, coupled with a simian virus 40 early promoter and polyadenylation signal, was inserted into a human adenovirus transfer vector. The transfer vector was used to co-transfect 293 cells along with adenovirus genomic DNA. The hemagglutinin-esterase transcription unit was rescued into the adenovirus genome by homologous in vivo DNA recombination between the vector plasmid DNA and the adenovirus genomic DNA, and a recombinant adenovirus was isolated by several rounds of plaque assays. Thus the recombinant adenovirus carries the hemagglutinin-esterase gene in the early transcription region 3 (E3) of the adenovirus genome in the parallel orientation to the E3 transcription. The recombinant adenovirus synthesized the HE polypeptide in HeLa cells as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation with anti-coronavirus rabbit antisera. The recombinant HE polypeptide could be labelled by $[^3H]$glucosamine, demonstrating that the recombinant HE was glycosylated. Cells expressing the HE polypeptide exhibited hemadsorption activity when incubated with mouse erythrocytes. The HE was transported to the plasma membrane as shown by the cell surface immunofluorescence, indicating that the recombinant HE polypeptide retained its biological activities. Potential for the use of infectious recombinant adenovirus as a live virus-vectored vaccine candidate for bovine coronavirus disease is discussed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제30권6호통권113호
• /
• pp.347-353
• /
• 2005

Paper angle, environment friendly packaging material, has been mainly used as an edge protector, But, in the future, paper angle will be applied to package design of heavy product such as strength reinforcement or unit load system (ULS). Therefore. understanding of buckling behavior fur angle itself, compression strength and quality standard are required. The objectives of this study were to characterize the buckling behavior by theoretical and finite element analysis, and to develop compression strength model by compression test for symetric and asymetric paper angle. Based on the result of theoretical and finite element analysis, as applied load level was bigger and/or the length of angle was longer, incresing rate of buckling of asymmetric paper angle was higher than that of symmetric paper angle. Decreasing rate of minimum principal moment of inertia significantly increased as the extent of asymmetric angle increased, and buckling orientation of angle was open- direction near the small web. Incresing rate of maximum compression strength (MCS) for thickness of angle decreased as the web size increased in symmetric angle. MCS of asymmetric angle of 43${\times}$57 and 33${\times}$67 decreased $15{\~}18\%$ and $65{\~}78\%$, and change of buckling increased $12{\~}13\%$ and $62{\~}66\%$, respectively.