• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.2443-2449
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• 2014

최근 네트워크 RTK사용자 수의 증대에 따라 기존의 VRS(Virtual Reference station)서비스의 접속대기시간이 길어져 측량소요시간이 길어지는 등의 불편함을 초래하고 있다. 국토지리정보원에서는 이러한 불편함을 해소하고자 단방향통신의 FKP(Flachen-Korrektur Parameter)기법을 개발하여 서비스하고 있으나 현장에서의 정확도에 대한 신뢰성 문제로 파급속도가 늦어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신뢰성검증을 위해 8점의 통합기준점을 검사점으로 하여 VRS와 FKP기법으로 측량한 결과를 다양하게 비교, 분석하였다. 결과분석에서 VRS기법에 비해 FKP기법에 의한 표준편차가 ${\pm}0.02m$로 약2배였으나 평균오차 X:-0.025m, Y:0.011m를 얻음으로써 현장실용성을 검증할 수 있었으며 현장에서의 FKP측량의 활용확대가 기대된다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.713-722
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• 2009

중력측량은 지구중력장 결정, 지각의 수직운동, 지오이드면의 변화, 해수면변화, 기후변화 등 측지학적, 지구동력학적 연구의 기초이다. 국토지리정보원에서는 최근 들어 FG-5 절대중력계를 도입하여 절대중력 기준망의 구축을 위한 틀을 마련하였고 다차원 다기능 기준점인 통합기준점을 전국에 약 1,200점을 설치하여 상대중력측량을 실시함으로써 한국의 고정밀 지오이드모델의 개발에 큰 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 상대중력측량의 기본적인 이론 및 방법을 상세하게 설명하였고, 최신 상대중력계 Scintrex CG-5를 이용하여 총 21점에 대한 상대중력측량을 수행하였으며, 자유망조정 및 무게제한 망조정 방법을 이용하여 중력성과를 계산 및 비교 분석하였다. 결과, 두 가지 방법 모두 높은 정밀도의 중력성과 계산이 가능하지만 자유망조정이 무게제한 망조정 방법에 비해 상대적인 우위를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2005

Background : Over the last thirty years, majority of researches on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture have been explanatory (or experimental) randomized controlled trial. The benefits of acupuncture in clinical trials are still controversial and most studies concluded that further control studies were required. Standardized combinations of acupuncture points for all the experimental subjects in various past studies have been criticized because such treatments do not reflect current routine clinical treatment. Objective : This paper aims to review pragmatic clinical trials on the effect of acupuncture treatment and to develop the ideal clinical research methodology of acupuncture study. Method : Clinical studies of acupuncture relevant with pragmatic or individualized trials were searched mainly in Pubmed and Science direct databases. All articles were fully reviewed by researchers, and data were evaluated by usage of a standardized form. Results & Suggestion : Pragmatic acupuncture researches were tried for various symptoms (eg. low back pain, hypertension, depression during pregnancy, sleep quality in HIV disease, chronic poststroke leg spasticity, headache, etc). Individualized acupuncture treatments based on oriental disease pattern diagnosis reflexes practical treatments which is more effective than unified and fixed acupuncture treatments without any theoretical basis of oriental medical philosophy. Conclusion : To overcome the controversies and limitations of past explanatory acupuncture trials, more individualized and tailored acupuncture trials with the theoretical basis of oriental medical diagnosis is highly recommended. Also clear definition and categorization of pattern identification should be established for further active clinical researches and applications of acupuncture.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1357-1366
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• 2015

본 연구(II)에서는 전 연구(I) 수행과정에 직무교육 훈련을 받고 있는 도로분야 건설기술자들이 질의했던 현안사항에 대하여 추가로 설문조사를 실시하고, 그 결과를 분석하여 미래지향적인 건설정책 대안을 도출하였다. "건설사업관리(CM) 용어가 2가지로 분리된 점에 대한 의견"을 묻는 질문에 응답자의 45%가 선진외국과 같이 '건설사업관리'로 단일화하자고 답했다. "CM전문가 육성 방안"에는 많은 응답자들이 민간교육기관에서 일정기간의 교육을 수료하면 CM전문가 자격을 얻을 수 있는 방안을 선호하였다. "설계 시공 및 품질관리 특급기술자의 역량지수(ICEC) 등급을 75점 이상에서 78점 이상으로 상향 조정(안)" 질문에는 '당초(안)처럼 75점 이상으로 하자'가 52%였다. "CM제도의 적용이 아직도 활성화되지 못하고 있는 이유"에는 응답자의 62%가 공공건설사업 발주기관 담당자들의 CM도입 의지가 부족하기 때문이라고 답했다. 건설사업의 아웃소싱을 기반으로 하는 CM제도의 활성화를 위해서는 국토교통부 본부의 조직 개편 방안이 선행되어야 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.118-129
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• 1993

In order to approach the nursing care of clients who are using oriental medicine and to understand the perception of the client who uses oriental medicine practices and the need to develop a model of nursing related to oriental medicine it is important to examine the major nursing concepts as they are found in oriental medicine and as they are differently defined according to the basic thought, theory and philosophical perspectives between East and West. Oriental medicine developed based on Sung Confucianism the teachings of Chut-zu, especially Tai-Chi-Tu Shuo and energy thought which are similar to traditional Korean Sasang Constitutional medicine. The basic theory on which oriental medicine is build is the theory of the five elements of Yin / Eum-Yang Theory(cosmic dual forces) and Meridian Theory. The most important attribute of Yin Yang is the concept of duality, confrontation and dependence, within Yin Yang but which do not exist separately. That is, the universe is a vast, indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Harmony is achieved only when the two primorial forces, Yin and Yang, are brought into perfect balance. Each is contained within the other and there is a continuing interchange between the two. This also applies to the human body including human health which is defined as balanced harmony. The most universal connection of Yin and Yang is found in the universe where the five elements of life, fire, water, earth, wood and metal can be explained as having either Yin or Yang and therefore being in a state of connectedness but systematically circulating between the two, that is essentalilly one (the control of the unified ) or as coexistant poles of individual wholes (the pluralism of Yin Yang Theory) so that it is all unified(balanced) in the Great Absoulte. Human beings also maintain a balance of Yin and Yang in the five elements and this relationship is very important in approaching ·oriental medicine, The meridians are the channels in the body through which the life force flow throughout the body. In oriental medicine the meridians are seen as the railroad, the acupuncture points on the meridians as the stations and energy as the train. In the normal healthy organism, all are maintained in balance and in a contiuous circulation of energy. illness is the result of the energy flow becoming disarranged. Although practitioners of oriental medicine approach the client differently than do practitioners of Western medicine and their method of examining the patient is different, the basic objectives of the examination are the same for practitioners of both types of medicine. Therefore if each could be used to supplement the defiencies in the other and achieve a harmonious cooperation between the two, a higher level of care which is culturally appropriate to korean culture could be achieved. The traditional korean concept of health is a naturalistic view which emphasizes being in harmony with nature. Any manifestation of disease is considered a sign that the body is in a state of disequilibrium and is thus no longer in harmony with the universe. The wholistic view of the world held by practitioners of oriental medicine can be used by nursing in the development of a world view of nursing in which the human being is seen within the macrocosm as part of the natural phenomenon of the universe and but also as a microcosm of the universe, a universe which is a vast and indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Interaction between human beings and their environment and the relationship of this interaction to health are concepts that are also found in nursing. Nursing views human brings, not as an accumulation of separate cells and organs but, as unified wholes interacted in very close relationship nth their environment. Nursing also maintains a view of human beings in which emphasis is placed on the role of the mind in explaining the concepts of harmony and balance in health. Although there are differences between oriental medicine and nursing in approaches to clients, the basic point of view and philosophy have many fundamental similarites. An understanding of the basic thought and philosophy of oriental medicine if applied to nursing, would allow for the development, not only of nursing related to oriental medicine, but of a nursing theory appropriate to the korean context.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2011

유한요소법은 수학과 공학을 비롯한 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있으나 해석대상을 유한 개의 다각형 요소로 분할하여 모델링하기 때문에 기하학적인 형상을 정확하게 기술하지 못하는 어려움이 있다. 그러나 최근에는 NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline)를 기저함수로 사용하는 아이소-지오메트릭 해석법(Isogeometric analysis)이 개발되었는데 NURBS는 기하학적 모델을 정확하게 표현할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 해석의 기저함수로서 응답해석에 사용될 수 있다. 그러나 NURBS 기저함수를 해석에서 따로 구성하는 일은 유한요소해석에서 요소망을 구성하는 만큼 시간과 노력이 많이 요구된다. 아이소-지오메트릭 해석법은 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)와 기하학적 정보를 공유할 수 있기 때문에 CAD 코드로 부터 해석모델의 정보를 직접 얻는 것이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 상용 CAD 코드인 Rhinoceros 3D를 이용하여 CAD 모델을 작성하고 이를 STEP 파일로 출력하여 NURBS의 노트벡터와 조정점 등의 정보를 아이소-지오메트릭 해석법에 활용하는 기법을 소개한다. 몇몇 수치예제를 통하여 아이소-지오메트릭 해석법의 정확도를 유한요소해석 결과와 비교하여 검증하고, 상용 CAD와 CAE(Computer-Aided Engineering)가 결합된 아이소-지오메트릭 해석법의 효율성을 입증한다.