• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2005

The assessment on characteristics of hydraulic behavior and water quality variations of underground reservoirs of buildings were studied. Firstly, it was thought that underground reservoir capacities($m^3$) of buildings should be not determinated by the uniform and same methods but be estimated on the basis of the dwelling areas on dominated households and their residential characteristics, because these characteristics influence significantly on actual water usages and patterns of buildings. Secondly, it was likely that the average reduction rate of residual chlorine in underground reservoirs were affected from the their capacities, because the average reduction rate of residual chlorine in underground reservoirs under $1,000m^3$ was 43 percent, on the other hand, that rate of underground reservoirs over $1,000m^3$ was 60 percent. Thirdly, through the field investigation, the retention time of drinking water in underground reservoirs were in the range from 0.3 day to 3.9 day. In addition to, the average reduction rate of residual chlorine were depended largely on the retention time of drinking water. When the retention time was under 24 hours, the average reduction rate of residual chlorine was 45 percent, and in case of over 24 hours, was 49 percent. Fourth, water level in underground reservoirs was averagely varied in the range from 0.1 m to 2.65 m at the height of underground reservoirs. If considered actual height of underground reservoirs, 37.6 percent of the height of underground reservoirs was only used. Consequently, the frequency of the inflow and outflow of drinking water in underground reservoir were very increased, and had an effect on the reduction of residual chlorine. Lastly, the investigations on hydraulic structure characteristics of underground reservoirs inside showed the locations of inflow and outflow of drinking water almost were in the opposite direction. And some buildings had several baffles in the middle. Nevertheless, their installations had no beneficial for the improvement of water quality.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.142-143
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• 2017

An analysis of the current water leak status of understand structure (underground parking lots, staircases, plumbing systems, water reservoirs, etc.) of multi-family housing in South Korea shows that water leaks are found from cracks in all areas of the underground structure caused by the degradation environment (water pressure by underground water, humidity, temperature, earth pressure, soil behaviour and vibration, etc.), which result in various problems, including mold, malodour, debonding of finishing materials, exfoliation, breakout, water leaks in electrical boxes, efflorescence, sedimentation of calcium hydroxide, decoloration, rusting, damages and pollution among others. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the current status of water leaks in underground structure and use the results as the basic data for developing a standard guideline for water leaks and maintenance by parts of the underground structure of multi-family housing.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze an insulation property and to establish a design standard for the underground space in architecture. Insulation materials for this study are 12 kinds of Insulation which qualified KS standards(3 classes of EPS type 1, 3 classes of EPS type 2(Neopor), 3 classes of XPS and 3 classes of PU Boards). For insulation materials of underground space, insulating and water tightening property are desired. So conductivity for insulating and water absorption for water tightening are measured in this study. Temperature, insulation is exposed to in the underground space, is different from temperature above the ground. Conductivity is measured in a temperature of $17^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$ and $26^{\circ}C$. In KS standards, water absorption are measure after 24 hours, but insulation is exposed to water for a long time in the underground. So after 110 days, water absorption are measured. As time goes by, increasing of water absorption means decreasing of water tightening and insulating. So after water absorption had measured for 110 days, conductivity has measured again. As a result, XPS is selected as optimized insulation for underground. And Conductivity of XPS insulation with water should be added by 20%.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.221-222
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• 2017

An analysis of the current water leak status of understand structure (underground parking lots, staircases, plumbing systems, water reservoirs, etc.) of multi-family housing in South Korea shows that water leaks are found from cracks in all areas of the underground structure caused by the degradation environment (water pressure by underground water, humidity, temperature, earth pressure, soil behaviour and vibration, etc.), which result in various problems, including mold, malodour, debonding of finishing materials, exfoliation, breakout, water leaks in electrical boxes, efflorescence, sedimentation of calcium hydroxide, decoloration, rusting, damages and pollution among others. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the current status of water leaks in underground structure and use the results as the basic data for developing a standard guideline for water leaks and maintenance by parts of the underground structure of multi-family housing.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2004

In this study, variable characteristics of drinking water and the influences on underground water reservoirs, rooftop water tanks, and service water pipes in the building were assessed. The influence of underground water reservoir material and water capacity on water quality also were assessed. The results are the following as; First of all, the drinking water passing through underground water reservoirs or service water pipes in the building, averagely metal component concentration more increased from percent of 41.3 to percent of 74.2 totally than other items of water quality. On the other hand, both residual chlorine and total solid highly decreased 65.6 percent and 35.3 percent, respectively. Therefore, it was thought that water quality could be getting worse for microorganism re-growth by residual chlorine reduction, and total solid also could be a cause for extraneous matters accumulated in water reservoir. Secondly, the variations on water quality of each stage for water supply system in the building were higher in water service pipes connected from rooftop water tanks to the tap than in underground water reservoirs. In addition to, among of twelve items on water quality, ten items on water quality except dissolved oxygen and residual chlorine increased. Therefore, it was thought that the influence of water service pipes connected from rooftop water tanks to the tap on water quality were higher than other stages of water supply system in the building. Thirdly, in case of materials of underground water reservoir, it was likely that the variation on water quality by stainless steel and concrete materials got some similar. In case of water capacity, the variations on water quality of underground water reservoirs over $1,000m^3$ higher than those under $1,000m^3$. That reasons was likely that the retention time(49.72 hours averagely) of underground water reservoirs over $1,000m^3$ was two times longer than it of those under $1,000m^3$(23.37 hours). Therefore, it was thought that the influence on water quality by materials were some similar, but in case of water capacity, the influence of underground water reservoirs were higher.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.227-229
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• 2004

The corrosion rate of buried steel pipes for water works was investigated under soil environment. Steel pipe shows various characteristics caused by complicated environment condition of underground and especially the corrosion rate of it depends on the resistivity of soil controlled by content of water. In this paper, the corrosion behavior of steel pipe was observed by polarization test under soil and the silica sand in the water content range of 0-50%. Generally it is well known that the resistivity of soil decreased rapidly over 15% water content. In fact the corrosion rate, corrosion potential, and corrosion consumption (MPY) of steel pipe were shown very different aspects within 20% water content.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

본 논문은 온실하우스 시설내의 지하수 오염방지를 위한 유비쿼터스를 이용한 펌핑 시스템의 원격제어기 개발에 있다. 본 연구에서는 수막재배에서 펌프 살수에 대한 온도와 습도를 자동으로 제어한다. 이는 지하수의 무분별한 개발을 방지하고, 또한, 물 부족인 폐공의 경우 보완조치를 못하여 환경오염의 피해가 발생하는 것을 방지할 수 있다. 연구 결과, 최적의 농작물 관리와 펌프 제어를 통해 무분별한 지하수 사용과 고갈을 막고 전기료 절감 등의 장점을 확인하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2015

IoT(Internet of Things) based underground risk assessment system surrounding water pipeline enables an advanced monitoring and prediction for unexpected underground hazards such as abrupt road-side subsidence and urban sinkholes due to a leak in water pipeline. For the development of successful assessment technology, the PSU(Water Pipeline Safety Unit) which detects the leakage and movement of water pipes. Then, the IoT-based underground risk assessment system surrounding water pipeline will be proposed. The system consists of early detection tools for underground events and correspondence services, by analyzing leakage and movement data collected from PSU. These methods must be continuous and reliable, and cover certain block area ranging a few kilometers, for properly applying to regional water supply changes.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1990

This study was conducted to investigate the vibrio sap contamination of aquarium (water) in Incheon Area The results obtained were as follows : 1. V. parahaemolyticus was detected 20.4% at samples of aquarium water and not detected at underground water 2. V. unlnificus was not detected at all samples 3. Underground water was similar to aquarium water on pH and the concentration of salt 4. Underground water proved it's safety bacteriologically 5. V. parahaemolyticus was common in the sea water between July to October.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2000

상수, 하수, 전기 그리고 가스 등의 시설물들은 우리 생활에 필요한 도시기반시설로서 대부분 지하에 매설되어 있어 지상시설물에 비해 효율적인 관리가 어렵다. 지하시설물 관리소홀로 발생하는 도시재난을 방지하고 도로굴착 중복공사에 따른 예산낭비와 교통체증을 감소시키기 위해서는 지하시설물에 대한 조사 탐사 및 데이터베이스 구축과 함께 지하시설물 데이터를 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 응용시스템 개발이 요구된다. 전주시는 국가지리정보체계 사업의 일환으로 1998년 12월부터 상수도 지하시설물 전산화 사업을 실시하여 시가화 구역 39.6$km^2$내 80 mm 이상의 상수관 물량 402.89 km 대한 조사/탐사 작업을 수행하였다. 또한 80mm 이하 537 km관에 대해서는 별도의 조사/탐사작업을 수행하지 않고 급수카드를 기초로 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 또한 기존의 각 부서별 업무프로세스를 GIS 시스템을 활용할 수 있는 체계로 수정하였고 업무프로세스를 기반으로 상수도 지하시설물 관리시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 상수도 지하시설물 관리시스템은 기본도관리, 상수도검수, 관로관리 및 관로조회, 공사관리, 운영관리 그리고 도면관리등의 하위시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하시설물 조사/탐사 과정 및 방법 그리고 조사/탐사 과정중 발생한 문제점을 도출하고 개발한 상수도 지하시설물 관리시스템을 구성하고 있는 각각의 서브시스템들의 기능들을 제시하였다.