• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.04a
• /
• pp.208-214
• /
• 2009

지하 복수층 주차장은 도시의 밀집화 및 자동차의 급격한 증가로 인한 토지부족 및 주차난을 해소할 수 있는 좋은 방법이다. 하지만 인체유해 배출가스의 집중으로 환기의 중요성이 대두되는 추세에도 불구하고 실제로는 시공이 완료 된 후에나 오염도 측정이 가능하다. 이러한 이유로 CFD 시뮬레이션으로 시공이전의 지하 복수층 주차장의 공기오염도를 예측했다. CFD 시뮬레이션은 예산과 시간을 절감한 공기오염도 예측이 가능하다. 실제의 당산근린공원의 지하주차장을 대상으로 오염도를 예측했다. 급기에만 강제유동을 일으키는 2종과 배기에만 강제유동을 일으키는 3종 기계환기법, 그리고 급배기에 강제유동을 일으키는 1종기계환기법을 각각 적용하여 공기오염도를 계산했다. 지하1층과 지하2층의 입구 및 출구유속을 10, 15m/s로 하여 실내평균연령과 실내평균환기효율을 살펴보았다. 계산결과는 급기와 배기에 강제유동을 동시에 일으키는 1종 기계환기법의 값과 비교하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Construction Safety Engineering Association
• /
• s.36
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 2006

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2011

This Paper aims for analyzing the effect of opening types on wind-driven ventilation performance in basement parking lots of apartment. The scale model of basement parking lot was made, wind tunnel tests conducted. Wind pressure of three opening types was measured, wind pressure coefficient calculated. As the result, it showed that the air flow pattern of stack type opening was strongly changed by wind direction, but it was almost not at scuttle vent type. But, as for the difference of wind pressure coefficient, stack type opening was more than the other two types.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.1523-1528
• /
• 2008

In this study, the ventilation system of connection passage and elevator hall of underground parking lot in apartment houses is investigated to extract the data for the installation and the application by the experimentation. In case of the elevator hall, actual air exchange rate is predicted fivefold higher than air exchange rate by infiltration and exfiltration. Ventilation system is installed good by supply air and return air. As the next best thing, it is installed by supply air because of IAQ control. The temperature of connection passage and elevator hall uniformly with $7{\sim}8^{\circ}C$, is maintained even if the operating condition of ventilation system is different. Therefore, the installation of the preheater, which is installed at the inlet of ventilation system for the cold draft in winter, is not essential in southern area of Korea.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.439-449
• /
• 2021

The recent reduction in greenhouse gases, interest in environmental pollution such as low-carbon emission policies is increasing. Accordingly, the penetration rate of eco-friendly vehicles, including hydrogen battery vehicles capable of reducing carbon emission, is increasing, and thus it is required for disaster prevention and safety-related measures. In this study, the degree of risk for the concentration distribution of hydrogen when leaking hydrogen fuel vehicles according to ventilation conditions was analyzed through numerical analysis, limited to places in parking lots. As a result, when only one hydrogen tank was released, the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the underground parking lot was up to 8.6%, and as ventilation continued, the volume ratio of combustible hydrogen decreased to less than 1% after 150 seconds, indicating that mechanical ventilation is essential. In the case of simultaneous release or stage release of three hydrogen tanks, the final combustible volume ratio of hydrogen is similar, but the increase in the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the early stage of release is low, and further research is expected.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2011.05a
• /
• pp.1306-1312
• /
• 2011

Underground Subway station's air pollutants are introduced from the indoor or outdoor. And Radon is a major pollutant in the subway station. Radioactive substances Radon is occuring naturally in granite tunnel wall and underground water. Especially inert gas Radon that causes lung cancer in human is anywhere but 5678 S.M.R.T. tunnels deep and pass through the granite plaque have a lot of Radon. The Radon concentration is determined by the following reasons : radon content of soil and concrete, underground water, ventilation, pressure difference, building structure, temperature, etc. So Radon concentration is hard to predict. And we can't only ventilate owing to era of high oil prices. This study focuses on our efforts for the reduction of Radon concentration. And the purpose is to provide basically datas of specially managed 15 subway station's Radon concentration.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2011

The ventilation performance of a vertical exhaust duct system in the high riser public house has been evaluated by a commercial software, Fluid Flow, which solves pressure losses through the duct system including bathroom fans and a hybrid roof fan. During the numerical simulations, outdoor wind condition and stack effects in summer and winter were considered as well as the operating conditions of a basement damper and the roof fan. The results show that the bathroom ventilation in summer is the most unsatisfactory. The opening of the basement damper has a problem that the polluted air in the lower floors is exhausted to the underground parking lot, not to the rooftop. If the basement damper is closed, the exhaust flow rate in the lower floors is not sufficient due to the strong flow resistance in the long vertical duct even though the roof fan is under operating.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.33 no.10
• /
• pp.756-766
• /
• 2011

In order to investigate the degree of apartment parking lot dust contamination, total 72 samples of parking lot dust (36 from ground parking lots and 36 from the underground parking lots) were collected in Daegu city from the end of March to the early June 2010. The dust samples were sieved below $100{\mu}m$, and analysed by ICP for 14 elements after an acid extraction. Results obtained from the source assessment of trace element using enrichment factor showed that Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and V were influenced by natural sources, while Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were influenced by anthropogenic sources in both the ground parking lot and the underground parking lot. And results showed that Ca were influenced by natural sources in the ground parking lot, but influenced by anthropogenic sources in the underground parking lot. The measured values were remarkably higher in components from natural sources than in components from anthropogenic sources. Underground parking lot dust was more affected by anthropogenic sources and contaminated compared with the ground parking lot dust. Pollution index of heavy metals revealed that underground parking lot dust was 5.5 times more contaminated with heavy metal components than the ground parking lot dust. The results of correlation analysis among trace elements indicated that components in the ground parking lot were more correlated than those in the underground parking lot, and especially more correlated with natural sources-natural sources. Analysis for correlations between components and influencing factors in the underground parking lot showed that concentrations of heavy metals were higher with smaller number of parking spaces and no ventilation system, and older apartments in last paint and cleaning had relatively higher contents of heavy metals than those of recently painted and cleaned.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 2017

The subway can transport a lot of people at a certain route at once, and the railway and the platform are underground, so it is advantageous to use the ground space efficiently. But If a fire occurs in a subway that is used by an unspecified number of people, such as the Daegu Subway Fire Disaster, many casualties can occur. As a result of the previous research, it was confirmed that the performance of the ventilation system of the old subway platform was remarkably degraded. Therefore, in this study, based on the experimental results of the previous research, we confirmed the flow of the hot and CO flows according to the ventilation mode in the case of fire by three - dimensional numerical analysis. As a result, it was found that the old ventilation system could not maintain the hot air temperature below the reference value for 4 minutes based on the evacuation time of the platform, and when the ventilation performance was enhanced by adding Oversized Exhaust Ports at the upper part of the platform, And the temperature of the heat flow can be maintained.