• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.32-37
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• 2001

As increasing underground facilities, more effective management is needed nowadays. It is important to get an accurate information of underground facilities to manage that, so some methods of detecting location - electromagnetic induction method, ground penetration radar method, sonic method - are used to obtain the information of underground facilities. In this study, a magnetic method to detect underground facilities was developed. In the magnetic method, underground facilities are detected by a detector and the magnetic marker which is a permanent magnet and used to marking the location by attaching underground facilities. A proper characteristic of the magnetic marker was optimized by maxwell 20 magnetic field analysis tool, a test field was constructed with the magnetic marker, PVC pipe, and steel pipe under ground 1.5m, and the detector was made by modifying a common ferromagnetic detector. Magnetic strengths of the magnetic marker were measured by the detector at each location in the test field, and analyzed by magnetic field analysis tool in the same condition. In the result, the underground pipes were detectable within the deviation ${\pm}20cm$ at PVC pipe and ${\pm}10cm$ at steel pipe respectively. The steel pipe was more detectable by ferromagnetism. The developed magnetic method can be applied to maintain and manage underground facilities.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2007

도시의 집중화로 지하시설물이 폭발적으로 증가하였으며, 그에 따른 지하시설물도의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 하지만, 부정확한 지하시설물도와 지하시설물에 대한 관리부재로 인하여 크고 작은 사고가 계속하여 발생하고 있는 실정이다. 또한 지하시설물도는 자료의 최신성과 정확성이 확보되어야 하나, 현재의 지하시설물도는 각 기관별 작성 및 갱신체계를 가지고 있어, 자료의 최신성과 정확성을 검증하기 힘든 상황이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 서울특별시에 소재한 6대 유관기관의 지하시설물도 위치정확도를 분석하기 위해 3년간 지하시설물에 대한 현장 조사/탐사 작업과 기준점에 기반한 위치측량을 수행하였다. 이를 바탕으로 연차별, 기관별 지하시설물도의 위치정확도를 비교분석하였으며, 그 결과 지하시설물도의 평균 73cm(2004), 78cm(2005) 그리고 75cm(2006)의 위치정확도 결과값을 획득하였다.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.231-235
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• 2007

As the centralization of city, underground facilities is increasing and being more important. And there were many underground facilities accidents in korea. It is very important to update and to have high quality accuracy of underground facilities maps. But the underground facilities maps are mapped and updated by each institutes. So it is difficult to verify the accuracy of the data. In this study, To analyze the accuracy of maps, Surveying of undergroud facilities for 18 GUs in Seoul is performed during 3 years using Electromegnetic Induction Method, Total Station and GPS. In conclusion, Horizontal accuracy of 6 underground facilities management institutes is 73cm(2004), 78cm(2005) and 75cm(2006).

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2003

As increasing underground facilities, more effective management is needed nowadays. It is important to get an accurate information of underground facilities to manage that, so some methods of detecting location - electromagnetic induction method, ground penetration radar method, sound wave method - are used to obtain the information of underground facilities. In this study, a magnetic method to detect underground facilities was developed. In the magnetic method, underground facilities are detected by a detector and the magnetic marker which is a permanent magnet and used to marking the location by attaching underground facilities. A test field was constructed for experiment with the magnetic marker, PVC pipe, and steel pipe under ground 1.5m, and a ferromagnetic detector was used for measurement. Magnetic strengths of the magnetic marker were measured by the detector at each location in the test field, and analyzed by magnetic field analysis tool in the same condition. In the result, the underground pipes of 1.5m below were detectable within the deviation $\pm$0.2m. When For applying this method, it should be considered that ferromagnetic materials around the detector could affect a measured value.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.421-439
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• 2008

본 연구의 최종목표는 7대 시설물의 주요 정보를 획득하기 위해 지하 환경에 적합한 센서 네트워크(USN: Ubiquitous Sensor Network)를 개발하여 지하시설물의 모니터링 및 긴급처리와 통합관리시스템 개발을 통하여 지능형 도시지하시설물 관리체계를 구축하는 것이며 이를 위하여 국토연구원을 포함한 5개의 기관이 공동으로 연구 과제를 수행하였다. 총 6차년 도에 걸쳐 UFSN(Underground Facility Sensor Network) 기반의 지능형 관리체계를 구축하는 것을 목표로 우선 $1{\sim}2$차년 도에는 상하수도에 초점을 두고 지하시설물 관리체계 구축기반기술 연구에 중점을 두었다. 국토연구원에서는 지하시설물 통합관리 기술개발을 위해 기존 상하수도 단위 업무시스템 연계방안을 연구하였고 모니터링 기술개발을 위해서 상하수도 모니터링 항목을 도출하였으며 신규/기설 지하시설물별 센서 설치방안에 대한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 국토연구원에서 수행한 $1{\sim}2$차년 도의 연구 성과를 토대로 작성되었다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2021

지하시설물은 여러 관리 주체들에 의해 필요에 따라 건설되었으며 이는 곧 무질서하고 난립된 형태의 지하 공간 개발을 초래하였다. 이러한 현상은 지하 공간에서의 안전사고를 발생시키는 주요 원인으로 볼 수 있으며 이를 해결하기 위해서는 지하시설물의 체계적인 구축 및 관리에 관한 연구가 이루어져야 한다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 본 연구는 지하시설물 정보의 체계적인 구축·관리 방안과 정보의 정확도와 품질을 제고하기 위하여 공간정보 관련 국제 표준을 준용한 3차원 지하시설물의 데이터 모델을 정립하고, 이를 토대로 논리적 모델을 설계 및 시각화 구현하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 지상-지하를 포괄하는 현실 세계와의 일치성이 향상된 지하시설물 정보를 통해 기존 지하정보의 정확도 및 활용도를 제고할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 기존의 2차원 형태의 지하시설물 네트워크 모델과 관로 중심의 3차원 시각화 모델과는 달리 지상과 지하 공간에서의 다양한 객체들을 포함하고 데이터 간 상호 연계 및 운용이 가능한 통합적인 데이터 모델을 제시했다는 점에서 학술적 의의를 가질 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2016

Dark and desolate underground parking spaces in commercial facilities are optimal spaces for crime. First, this study reviewed 15 precedent CPTED guidelines and related literatures, and as a result extracted 45 CPTED planning criteria for underground parking facilities. Secondly by field survey, we investigated six parking spaces in commercial facilities whether they were planned properly based on 45 checklist items, in six categories of CPTED principles. In result, target facilities showed average 46.8% relevance ratio, which means less than a half of 45 items of CPTED planning factors were not applied. Guidelines suggest desirable illuminance level of more than 100 lux, however the measurement of illuminance levels in some parking spaces showed below 50 lux. Relatively department stores were keeping CPTED guidelines better than large discount mart and mixed used facilities. Definition of territory of loading dock and customer area should be clarified, clear signage and color scheme in different zones should be represented with higher level of territorial responsibilities and surveillance in mixed used facilities for further improvement.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.331-332
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• 2014

Underground power plant is required the strict safety management and safety assessment. Because it is the high risk of explosion by characteristic of enclosed space. In case gas leak of enclosed space, the ventilation facilities is very important in order to prevent explosion by the maintain less than the LEL(lower explosive limit). Thus, Through a safety assessment of ventilation volume is to reduce the risk for ventilation facilities in Underground power plant.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.192-200
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• 1994

Underground offers many advantages for storing agricultural and marine products. Since it is confined by thick walls of rock it is easy to control temperature and humidity and to achieve air and water tightness. Also, damages by rodents and insects could be avoided. Flexibility in choosing the location is another advantage that underground could offer. Consequently the goods could be stored near the big city to meet the demand change. Because of these advantages, many underground food storage facilities were built and operated successfully in U.S. and many Euroupean countries. On the other hand, there is no underground food storage facilities in Korea despite the need is growing rapidly. This paper describes the case studies of foreigh food storage and technologies related to food storage were analyzed and evaluated. Also performed is analysis of domestic technologies for construction and operation of underground food storage facilities to deduce the fields of studies that have to be conducted.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2009

A lesser degree of research is available with respect to indoor radon characteristics associated with occupants' exposure. The present study evaluated the radon levels in several public-access buildings or underground facilities, and their temporal variation in underground facilities. Radon measurements were conducted in 2005 and 2006, utilizing a continuous radon detector. A solid alpha detector (RAD7) was utilized to measure indoor radon levels. The mean radon concentrations obtained from the building or facilities were in a descending order: platforms of Daegu subway line 2, 2005 (32 $Bq/m^3$), hot-air bathroom (14 $Bq/m^3$), basement of office building (14 $Bq/m^3$), underground parking garage (14 $Bq/m^3$), underground shop (12 $Bq/m^3$), nursery (10 $Bq/m^3$), platforms of Daegu subway line 2, 2006 (9.0 $Bq/m^3$), platforms of Daegu subway line 1, 2006 (8.9 $Bq/m^3$), supermarket (7.9 $Bq/m^3$), hospital (7.3 $Bq/m^3$), and second-floor of office building (5.7 $Bq/m^3$). In general, underground-level facilities exhibited higher radon levels as compared with ground-level facilities. It was suggested that ventilation is an important parameter regarding the indoor levels of a subway. There was a decreasing or increasing trend in hourly-radon levels in a subway, whereas no trend were observed in a basement of office building. In addition, the radon levels in the subway lines 1 and 2 varied according to the platforms. The radon levels in the present study were much lower than those of previous studies. The average annual effective dose (AED) of radiation from indoor radon exposure was estimated to be between 0.043 and 0.242 mSv/yr, depending on facility types. These AEDs were substantially lower than the worldwide average AED (2.4 mSv/yr).