• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of muscle thickness (MT) and pennation angle (PA) measurements of the ankle muscle, including the tibialis anterior (TA) and the medial gastrocnemius (MGCM), using a hands-free fixed probe and to compare it with the conventional linear probe. Design: Observational inter-rater reliability study. Methods: Thirty-three healthy subjects (20 male, 13 female) were included. In all subjects, ultrasound images were acquired from the TA and MGCM using a hands-free fixed probe and a conventional linear probe in random sequence by two examiners at two time-points within a 7-day interval. MT and PA were calculated on the taken images. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), 95% confidence intervals, standard error of measurement and the Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to estimate reliability and validity. And also, Bland-Altman plots were generated for a visual representation of MT and PA at the TA and MGCM. Results: The ICC for all intra-rater reliability was 0.943 to 0.995 and that for all inter-rater reliability was 0.928 to 0.993, indicating excellent reliability. A significantly high correlation was observed between MT and PA at the TA and MGCM with use of the hands-free fixed probe and the conventional linear probe (r>0.938; p<0.001). Conclusions: The hands-free fixed probe provided excellent images for measurement of the MT and PA of the TA and MGCM and is a useful device for making clinical measurements of muscle structure without grasping of the probe.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2014

Although various ophthalmic imaging methods, including fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, have been applied for effective diagnosis of ocular diseases with high spatial resolution, most of them are limited by shallow imaging penetration depth and a narrow field of view. Also, many of those imaging modalities are optimized to provide microscopic anatomical information, while functional or cellular information is lacking. Compared to other ocular imaging modalities, photoacoustic imaging can achieve relatively deep penetration depth and provide more detailed functional and cellular data based on photoacoustic signal generation from endogenous contrast agents such as hemoglobin and melanin. In this paper, array-based ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging was demonstrated to visualize pigmentation in the eye as well as overall ocular structure. Fresh porcine eyes were visualized using a real-time ultrasound micro-imaging system and an imaging probe supporting laser pulse delivery. In addition, limited photoacoustic imaging field of view was improved by an imaging probe tilting method, enabling visualization of most regions of the retina covered in the ultrasound imaging.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.182-191
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• 2005

It is very important to obtain a high quality of bone image for an accurate ultrasonic measurement of bone mineral density. In this study, we suggested a technique to acquire an optimal image by adapting an acoustic lens and a properly selected ultrasonic probe. Also, we have applied an image processing algorithm with which automatically makes a decision of brightness and contrast of image by generating threshold level, a composition of ultrasonic data, an elimination of noise using modified median filter, and a real time interpolation. We could confirm much improved resolution of bone image with acoustic lens attached to the ultrasonic probe and with the image processing algorithm suggested in this study. Therefore, it became possible to precisely diagnose the osteoprosis using ultrasonic imaging technique.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2015

Long time ultrasound scan can cause a temperature rise in human tissue and affect the physical body. This is closely connected with patients' safety. So many researchers have been studied on this matter with animals such as mammals and experimental rat, because diagnostic ultrasound has been used many types of human organ to find disease. Therefore, this study is tested on bean sprouts to search how far the tissue temperature changes because of the excessive scanning consequence from ultrasound diagnosis and frequent number of ultrasonic scanning and how much affect their growth. The United States and several European countries have restrictions for number of scanning, while South Korea does not have any limitation for using ultrasound diagnosis. Comparison was that how different condition affect its' growing. The testing group is like many pregnancy moms to have 50 minutes in B-mode and color doppler mode by linear, convex and sector probe every day for a week and the other is to scan only once during the testing period. As a result, it was confirmed that there was a significant growing difference on frequent ultrasonic scanning group compared to normal one. So the final conclusion is that there needs to have a significant limitation of ultrasound scan time and a number of inspection when having for diagnostic ultrasound and recommendation like USA and a few European countries.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.459-466
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• 2005

The scanning laser source (SLS) technique has been proposed recently as an effective way to investigate small surface-breaking defects, By monitoring the amplitude and frequency changes of the ultrasound generated as the SLS scans over a defect, the SLS technique has provided enhanced signal-to-noise performance compared to the traditional pitch-catch or pulse-echo ultrasonic methods, An extension of the SLS approach to map defects in microdevices is proposed by bringing both the generator and the receiver to the near-field scattering region of the defects, To facilitate near-field ultrasound measurement, silicon microcantilever probes are fabricated using microfabrication technique and their acoustical characteristics are investigated, Then, both the laser-generated ultrasonic source and the microcantilever probe are used to monitor near-field scattering by a surface-breaking defect.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2022

초음파 검사는 프로브를 직접 수검자의 몸에 접촉하여 검사하는 방법으로 이에 따른 적절한 소독법이 필요하다. 특히 인체 내 점막과 접촉하는 직장/질 초음파 프로브의 경우 글루타알데히드(glutaraldehyde) 2% 용액에 20분 침지 또는 과산화수소수(H₂O₂) 7.5% 용액에 30분간 침지 등 높은 수준의 소독을 진행해야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서 단시간에 높은 수준의 소독을 진행할 수 있는 증기훈증 방식을 이용한 소독기의 사용 가능성을 평가하였다. 임상에서 사용되는 프로브를 균 채취용 면봉으로 스미어하여 세균을 검출하였고 기존의 7.5% 과산화수소수(H₂O₂)보다 높은 농도인 35% 과산화수소수(H₂O₂)를 사용하여 시간 대비 소독력을 비교하였다. 고농도의 과산화수소수(H₂O₂)에 의한 프로브 러버의 손상 여부를 판단하기 위하여 35% 과산화수소수(H₂O₂)에 85시간 10분 침지 후 프로브 러버의 경도와 표면 변화를 분석 의뢰하였고 소독력 평가를 위하여 증기훈증 방식을 이용한 소독기에 5분간 소독하여 세균 사멸 효과를 평가하였다. 프로브 러버에서 검출된 세균을 이용하여 시간에 따른 소독력을 비교 평가하였을 때 과산화수소수(H₂O₂) 7.5% 용액에 비해 과산화수소수(H₂O₂) 35% 용액이 더 세균 사멸 효과가 좋았다(p<0.05). 35% 과산화수소수(H₂O₂)에 침지한 프로브 러버의 경도와 표면 변화를 관찰한 결과 큰 변화가 없었다. 증기훈증방식을 이용한 소독기에 검출된 세균을 도포하고 5분간 소독한 결과 100% 사멸 효과가 나타났다. 이에 증기훈증 방식을 이용한 소독기는 기존의 방식보다 빠르고 강력한 소독 효과를 낼 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze educational effect of ultrasound examination training with ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology. Methods: All 4^th grade students in 2021 and 2022 of school of Korean Medicine, Dong-Shin University must be trained in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology according to ultrasound examination training guideline including Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). After completing ultrasound examination training, we distributed questionnaires to them about a confidence before OSCE and after OSCE, difficulty in using ultrasound, ultrasound reading, difficulty with probe manipulation and computer operation, ultrasound understanding, clinical usefulness. And then, we analyzed the related factors including descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, student's t-test and paired t-test by SPSS 12.0. Results: Confidence in using ultrasound showed differences among students by gender and year, but it was not statistically significant. The difficulty of ultrasound use and ultrasound reading was at a moderate level, and the gender difference was not significant, and the difference between the practical students by year was statistically significant. The difficulty of the operation of the ultrasonic probe was at a normal level, and the difference between the students in practice by gender and year was not statistically significant. Although they answered that they had a very good understanding of the use of ultrasound, there was a gender difference and it was statistically significant, and practical students by year was not statistically significant. They answered that the effect on clinical use was very sufficient, but it was not statistically significant. The appropriateness of the practice time was evaluated at a moderate level. Conclusions: The use and educational effect of ultrasound examination using ultrasonic phantom in the department of Korean Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology clinical practice education was very effective.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제25권A호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2005

Three-dimensional ultrasonic probes being applied to the medical imaging can be grouped into three depending on the scanning methods, which are a mechanical type system, a free-hand system, and 2D phased arrays system. A mechanical type scanner uses a mechanically driven transducer to acquire series of 2D plane images. By integrating these images, a 3-D medical image can be constructed. A motor driving mechanism is a conventional choice for mechanically driving a transducer assembly which picks the raw ultrasonic images up. In this paper we attempt to design a 3D ultrasonic probe which has a operating mechanism of s tilting 3-D scanning. The motion of a transducer assembly of the ultrasonic probe is analytically modelled. We propose a selection procedure for the diameter of a wire rope driving the transducer assembly and the size of torsional spring which gives an initial tension to wire ropes.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2015

초음파 프로브는 초음파 진단기에서 성능 결함이 발생할 빈도가 매우 높으면서 도플러 영상에 미치는 영향이 크다. 본 연구는 초음파 프로브의 소자 결함이 파워 및 칼러 도플러 영상에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 살펴 본 것이다. 실험 결과 초음파 프로브 소자 결함은 그 크기가 클수록 도플러 활동 소자군 중심부에 위치할수록 도플러 영상의 밝기 및 도플러 속도를 크게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 컬러 및 파워 도플러 영상에서 소자 결함이 증가할수록 혈관의 주변 부위에서부터 혈관 플라그로 오인할 수 있는 허상이 생기고 있음을 보여 주었다. 따라서 소자결함이 의심될 때는 B-모드에서 확인과정이 필요하다. 이를 볼 때 초음파 검사에 있어서는 우선적으로 프로브에 관심을 가지고 지속적인 초음파프로브 QA가 중요하다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce a robot-assisted medical diagnostic system that enables remote ultrasound (US) imaging to be applied to the conventional telemedicine, which has been possible only with interviewing or a visual exam. In particular, a master-slave robot system is developed that ultrasonic diagnosis specialist can control the position and orientation of US probe in the remote place. The slave robot is designed to be compact, lightweight, and hand-held so that it can easily transfer to the remote healthcare center. Moreover, 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) probe motion is possible by the robot design based on Stewart platform. The master device is also based on a similar structure of the slave robot. To connect master and slave system in the wide area network (WAN) environment, a hardware CODEC was developed. In this paper, we introduce the detail of each component and the results of the recent experiments conducted in the remote sites by the developed robotic ultrasound imaging system.