• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.146-153
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• 1997

An experiment was conducted to figure out the atomization characteristics of a highly viscous biodiesel fuel with rice-barn oil applying and ultrasonic energy into it. A spray simulator for the droplet atomization, an ultrasonic system, and six different nozzles(3 pintle-type nozzles and 3 single hole-type nozzles) were made. To investigate effects of ultrasonic energy in a highly viscous liquid fuel, an immersion liquid method was used as a measurement method on droplet size distributions. It was found that the ultrasonic energy was effective for the atomization improvement of the rice-bran oil as a highly viscous biodiesel fuel and the factor나 such as the nozzle opening pressure, pin-edge angles, hole diameters, and collection distances affected the atomization of spray droplets.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2015

The mechanical characterization of composite materials is nowadays a major interest due to their increasing use in the aeronautic industry. The design of most of these materials is based on their stiffness, which is mainly obtained by means of tensile tests with strain gauge measurement. For thin laminated composites, this classical method requires adequate samples with specific orientation and does not provide all the independent elastic constants. Regarding ultrasonic characterization, especially immersion technique, only one specimen is needed and the entire determination of the stiffness tensor is possible. This paper presents a study of different methods to determine the mechanical properties of transversely isotropic carbon fibre composite materials (gauge and correlation strain measurement during tensile tests, ultrasonic immersion technique). Results are compared to ISO standards and manufacturer data to evaluate the accuracy of these techniques.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.467-473
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• 1996

Ultrasonic energy was applied for atomizing rice-bran oil which is a highly viscous bio fuel. Six different nozzles, an injection simulator, and an ultrasonic generator system were designed and constructed for the experiment. An immersion liquid method was used for the measurement of injection droplet sizes. The characteristics of injection droplets was investigated with respect to the numbers of the droplets with diameters ranging from 5$\mu$m 50$\mu$m and to the Sauter mean diameter. The results showed that the ultrasonic energy was effective for the improvement of the atomization of the injection droplets for all the factors such as type of nozzles, nozzle opening pressures, and collection distances.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2008

고체의 탄성 계수를 구하기 위한 방법으로 초음파의 종파와 횡파 속도를 측정하기 위하여 기존의 접촉식 초음파 시험법 대신 수침 초음파 시험법을 사용하였다. 통상적으로 수침법에서 종파 에코만 고려하는 것과 달리 모드 변환에 의한 횡파 에코를 찾아서 횡파 속도를 측정하였다. 물질의 두께를 알 수 없어 종파와 횡파 속도를 구할 수 없는 경우에도 두 속도의 비를 이용하여 포아송비를 구할 수 있었다. 다양한 재료를 대상으로 이 방법을 적용한 결과, 속도가 빠른 재료이거나, 포아송비가 작을수록 수침법에 의해 측정한 값이 정확하여 이러한 특징을 가진 세라믹이나 고강도 재료가 이 방법을 통한 종파와 횡파 속도 측정에 적당함을 알 수 있었다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2004

이 연구는 터빈베어링의 신뢰성을 평가하기 위하여 초음파 C-Scan 방법을 적용한 기술이다. 수침법에 관한 연구는 실험실과 현장검사 적용에 광범위하게 사용되는 기술이다. 여기에서는 C-Scan 방법을 이용하여 베어링의 모재와 Babbitt 금속간 경계부의 상태를 평가하였다. 수침법 C-Scan 방법에 의한 초음파 영상은 베어링 경계부의 상태를 확인하는데 효과적인 방법으로 사용될 수 있었다. 초음파 영상의 분해능을 높이기 위하여 집속형 탐촉자를 사용하고, Babbitt 금속과 베어링 모재간의 접합경계면에서 발생하는 초음파 음압 반사율을 측정하여 결함의 검출과 면적을 추정할 수 있었다. 초음파 수침법은 베어링 접합부의 박리위치와 박리면적의 경계면을 결정하여 크기를 계산하는데 아주 유용하게 사용될 수 있는 기술이며, 이 연구에서 개발된 기술은 화력발전소에서 사용되고 있는 터빈베어링의 건전성을 확보하는데 적용되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.2167-2173
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• 2000

The HANARO (High-flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) has operated since 1995. The Cold Neutron(CN) hole was implanted in the reflector tank from the design stage. Before a vacuum chamber and a moderator cell for the cold neutron source are installed into the CN hole, it is necessary to measure the exact size of the inside diameter and thickness of the CN hole to prevent the interference problem. Due to inaccessibility and high radiation field in the CN hole, a mechanical measurement method is not permitted. The immersion ultrasonic technique is considered as the best method to measure the thickness and the diameter. The 4 axis manipulator of the 2 channel of a sensor module was fabricated. The transducer of 10 MHz results in 0.03 nun of resolution. The inside diameter and thickness for 550 points of the CN hole were measured using 2 channel ultrasonic sensors. The results showed that the thickness is in the range of 13-6.7 mm and inside diameter is in the range of o 156-165. These data will be a good reference in the design of a cold neutron source facility.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.519-523
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• 2008

Poisson's ratio is one of elastic constants of elastic solids. However, it has not attracted attention due to its narrow range and difficult measurement. Transverse wave velocity as well as longitudinal wave velocity should be measured for nondestructive measurement of Poisson's ratio. Hard couplant for transverse wave prevents transducer from scanning over specimen. In the present work, a novel measurement of Poisson's ratio distribution was proposed. Immersion method was employed for the scanning over the specimen. Echo signals of normal beam longitudinal wave were collected. Transverse wave modes generated by mode conversion were identified. From transit time of longitudinal and transverse waves, Poisson's ratio can be determined without information of specimen thickness. This technique was demonstrated for aluminum and steel specimens.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.927-934
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• 2002

The HANARO ( High-flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) has been operated since 1995. The Cold Neutron (CN) hole was implanted in the reflector tank from the design stage. Before a vacuum chamber and a moderator cell for the cold neutron source are installed into the CN hole, it is necessary to measure exactly the size of the inside diameter and thickness of the CN hole to prevent the interference problem. Due to inaccessibility and high radiation field in the CN hole, a mechanical measurement method is not permitted. The immersed ultrasonic technique is considered as the best way to measure the thickness and the diameter of the CN hole. The 4-Axis manipulator was designed and fabricated for locating the ultrasonic sensors. The transducer of an ultrasonic sensor having 10 MHz frequency leads to high resolution as much as 0.03mm. The inside diameter and thickness of 550 points of the CN hole were measured using 2 channel ultrasonic sensors. The results show that the thickness and inside diameter of the CN hole is in the range of 3.3∼6.7mm and 156∼ 165mm, respectively. This data will be a good reference for the design of the cold neutron source facility.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 1994

The void content of carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates was determined by the ultrasonic nondestructive technique. The ultrasonic immersion, through-transmission method developed stresses the utilization of spectral analysis and frequency dependence of the attenuation due to porosity. The measured attenuation shows approximately linear behavior over the frequency range investigated. The linear relationship between the void content and the attenuation slop (d $\alpha$/df) is found to hold, but the constant of proportionality is quite different for samples with different pore morphology. The void volume fraction determined by the attenuation slope agreed very well with that obtained by the acid digestion analysis.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.732-737
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to compare the SMD(Sauter mean diameter) with different vibrant plates. Each vibrant plates have different surface roughness. Also liquid film thickness are measured for explanation how to concern atomization. Ultrasonic waves is used for vibration. Immersion liquid method is used for the measure of SMD and also liquid film thickness is measured using of point needle method. Distilled water and gasoline fuel are used to liquids. Supplied liquid flow rates are $18{\sim}296cc/min$. Centerline average roughness of vibrant plates are 0.5, 2.0, 4.7, $9.5\;{\mu}m$ and diameter of vibrant plate is 60mm. In result, good atomization of liquid is obtained in widen flow rates. The mean droplet size is increased in orders of 4.7, 2.0. 9.5, $0.5\;{\mu}m$ surface roughness. Distilled water has a big mean droplet size than gasoline fuel in low flow rate. Above the 78cc/min flow rates, distilled water has a small mean droplet size than gasoline fuel. Liquid films changes are measured with ultrasonic power. Also, cavitation effect on sprays is observed.