• 대한한의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

Objectives: Ukgan-san does not appear in Traditional Korean Medicine classics. However, it has been used in research and clinical applications in Korea. In this paper, we are aiming to examine the records concerned with Ukgan-san to the present, and announce the present usage state in Korea. Methods: We searched and summarized the contents of previous medical books about Ukgan-san. In order to investigate the current status of utilization of Ukgan-san in Korea, a bibliographic database of Korea, a database of clinical researches, and a database of pharmaceuticals of the Korea Food and Drug Administration were searched. Results: As a result of searching Ukgan-san related documents, Ukgan-san has been developed in China (Ming dynasty). However, its clinical application has been expanded by modern Japanese kampo medicine doctors. In Korea, cases of Parkinson's disease, other movement disorders, and psychiatric disorders have been reported, and randomized controlled trials had been done and planned. In addition, some extracts which are consisted of Ukgan-san are also available. Conclusions: In Korea, Ukgan-san has been influenced by Japan and has been used for clinical and research purposes. The utilization rate in Korea is still small, but the utilization rate will increase according to the results of clinical studies.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.679-686
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• 2012

This study was to elucidate the effects of Ukgan-san on the hyperthyroidism induced by sodium levothyroxine. Hyperthyroidisms were induced by continuous subcutaneous treatment of LT4, 0.3 mg/kg, once a day for 27days, and 1,500, 1,000 and 500 mg/kg of Ulkansan extracts were orally administered, once a day for 15 days from 12th LT4 treatment, and the changes on the body, thyroid gland, liver and epididymal fat pad weights, serum triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH), asparte aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations, hepatic lipid peroxidation(LPO), glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activities were investigated with throid gland, liver and epididymal fat pad histopathological changes. The effects of Ukan-san extracts were compared with that of propyl thiouracil(PTU), a standard antithyroidic drug 10 mg/kg(intraperitoneally). 1,500 and 1,000 mg/kg of Ukan-san extracts reversed all LT4-induced hyperthyroidisms and these effects indicating their potential in the regulation of hyperthyroidism. Further, the Ukan-san extract normalized LT4-induced liver oxidative stresses, and also reduced liver damages and epididymal fat pad reducements suggesting its antioxidative and relative organ protective nature. However, nor favorable effects on LT4-induced hyperthyroidisms were detected in Ulkansan 500 mg/kg treated rats as compared with LT4 control rats in the present study. These effects of Ukan-san may help improvement of hyperthyroidisms and accompanied various organ damages.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.436-443
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• 2022

Objectives: This study examined the case of a 69-year-old man with a history of stroke and Alzheimer's disease who had been diagnosed with probable-rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (probable-RBD). Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Ukgan-san, Ukgansangayonggolmoryeo-tang, and powdered Gamisoyo-san extract), Western medicine (clonazepam, antiplatelet, psychotropic agents, antihypertensive drugs, and others), and acupuncture. Their effects were evaluated by the frequency and severity of sleep-related behavioral symptoms. Results: After treatment, the observed frequency and severity of sleep-related behavior decreased. Conclusion: The results suggest that using traditional Korean medicine with clonazepam can be effective in the treatment of patients with probable-RBD.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this clinical study was to describe the case of a patient who experienced chronic diarrhea related to seasonal changes that improved with herbal medicine treatment. Methods: A patient with diarrhea and globus hystericus was treated following treatment with Hoehyangbanchong-san-hap-Ukgan-san and Gamisachil-tang. A defecation and urination diary, the Bristol Stool Form Scale, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of this treatment. Results: During treatment, the patient's Bristol Stool Form Scale score changed from Type 7 to Type 4, and the VAS score was significantly decreased. The symptoms of diarrhea and globus hystericus almost subsided. Conclusion: In this case, Korean traditional herbal medicine reduced the clinical symptoms of diarrhea and globus hystericus.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2023

Background: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ASD) is caused by the involuntary contraction of laryngeal muscles due to dystonia localized to the larynx. In the case of ASD, conventional treatment is mainly performed with a botulinum toxin injection. However, the botulinum toxin injection has a short-lasting effect and requires repeated injections. Alternatives are needed due to concerns over adverse effects, such as general weakness and airway aspiration caused by the botulinum toxin injection. Case report: A 46-year-old female patient with ASD complained of voice tremor and hoarseness. The combined Korean medical treatments-Ukgan-san-gami, Jakyakgamcho-tang, acupuncture, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)-were administered on the first day the patient was hospitalized. The Voice Handicap Index (VHI) was evaluated during the treatment. The VHI taken on the second day totaled 92 points. On the ninth day, 81 points were recorded. Total score gradually improved, and on the 16th day, 62 points were recorded. Combined Korean medical treatment lasted 19 days. Conclusion: The present case report suggests that a combined Korean medical treatment approach with Ukgan-san-gami, Jakyakgamcho-tang, acupuncture, and TENS might be effective for symptoms such as voice tremors and hoarseness. Combined Korean medical treatment can be a therapeutic option for patients with ASD.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.265-281
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• 2023

Objectives : Ukgan-san plus Citri Pericarpium and Pinelliae Rhizoma (UCP) is used as a traditional herbal formula in Korea and Japan for treatment of fever, fever-induced convulsions, and liver dysfunction and so on. In this study, we investigated the cytoprotective effect and underlying mechanism of UCP against oxidative stress induced by cotreatment of arachidonic acid (AA) and iron. Methods : To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of UCP against AA + iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell, cell viability and changes on apoptosis-related proteins were assessed by MTT and immunoblot analyses. The changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP) were investigated against to the oxidative stress. Furthermore, to verify underlying molecular mechanism, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target genes were examined by immunoblot analysis. Results : Treatment of UCP increased the cell viability and altered the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins such as PARP, caspase-9, caspase-3, Bcl-2. UCP also inhibited the GSH depletion, excessive ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by AA + iron. In addition, the Nrf2 and the Nrf2 target genes activation were increased by UCP. Conclusions : These results indicated that UCP has the ability to protect against oxidative stress-induced hepatocyte damage, which may be mediated with Nrf2 pathway.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2003

틱의 치료에 있어서 양방적으로는 일과성 틱 장애가 아닌 만성 틱장애, 뚜렛 장애의 경우에는 약물치료가 대개 시행된다. 주로 사용되는 약물은 도파민 수용체 길항제이거나 이에 반응하지 않는 경우 클로니딘, 구안파신 등의 성인의 고혈압 치료에 쓰이는 약물을 쓰기도 하고, 또는 항우울제를 쓰기도 한다고 한다. 본 증례의 환자는 처음 양방정신과 방문 후 상기 처방 등을 투여받았으나 부작용(자꾸 정신이 몽롱해지고, 잠이와서 일상생활이 불가능해지는 문제)으로 한방치료를 원한 경우였다. 처음 내원했을 때의 상태는 불그스름한 얼굴, 심한 현맥, 근긴장 및 계속해서 틱증상을 보이는 양상 등을 보였고 운동틱의 정도가 매우 심하여 간주근(肝主筋)의 원칙에 의하여 간양화풍(肝陽化風)의 기전으로 환자의 상태를 변증할 수 있었기에 억간산(抑肝散)을 투여하기로 하였고 아울러 복진상(腹診上) 좌측제부동계항진(左側臍部動悸亢進)이 보여 간열(肝熱)로 신경(神經)이 흥분하여 위장애(胃障碍)가 나타나서 생기는 위내정수(胃內停水)의 소견을 보였기 때문에 진피(陳皮), 반하(半夏)를 가(加)하여 투여하였다. 아울러 YGTSS를 시행한 바 환자가 내원 초기(2003년 6월 9일) 에 시행한 YGTSS의 점수는 30점이었고, 어느 정도 증상의 호전을 보여 폐약(閉藥)을 원했던 시기(2002년 7월 24일)의 YGTSS에서는 11점으로 증상의 상당한 호전을 보였으며 약을 중지한 이후에도 지속적으로 증상의 호전이 되었다 하면서 다시 내원한 2003년 9월 22일에는 약 20분동안의 상담시간동안 거의 틱증상의 발현을 볼 수 없었다. 2003년 10월 20일 마지막으로 시행한 YGTSS의 점수는 3점으로 거의 완치에 가까운 결과를 보여주고 있다. 이는 억간산(抑肝散) 가(加) 진피(陳皮) 반하(半夏)의 처방을 투여함으로서 환자의 간열(肝熱)을 지속적으로 내려주었고, 아울러 상담을 통하여 원만한 가족관계를 유지할 수 있도록 도와주어 환자에게 자꾸 간기(肝氣)의 항진(亢進)을 야기시키는 원인인 가정불화를 어느정도 완화시켜 주었기 때문이라고 사료된다. 지금까지 만성 틱장애나 뚜렛 장애에 대하여는 양 한방적으로 뚜렷한 효과를 보이는 증례를 많이 발견할 수 없는 현실에서 본 증례는 상기 질환에 대한 한방치료의 가능성을 보여주는 예라고 판단되어 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2016

Objectives: This study presents a case of a 37-year-old Korean male with dystonia due to dystonic cerebral palsy who was treated with herbal medicine (Ukgan-san), acupuncture, and cupping treatment.Method: We executed the unified dystonia rating scale (UDRS) and the Toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS) to evaluate dystonia.Results: The patient’s dystonia showed improvement after the administration of traditional Korean medical treatments.Conclusion: Traditional Korean medical treatment may be effective in treating dystonia due to dystonic cerebral palsy.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.178-191
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• 2013

Objectives : In this study, we made an effort to investigate the protective mechanism of Ukgan-san (UGS) extracts on hypoxia-induced C6 glial cell death. Methods : The cell viability was assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MMT) assay and cell morphological changes were analysed with microscope after staining with crystal violet (CV). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation was assessed by flow cytometer after staining with 2'7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA). We also analyzed expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) and p53, processing of procaspase-3 and procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP) by western blot method. Results : We estimated the elevated cell viability by UGS extract on $CoCl_2$-induced C6 glial cells. UGS attenuated $CoCl_2$-induced ROS formation in C6 glial cells and also showed a protective activity compared to antioxidants and exhibited abrogation of LDH-released by $CoCl_2$. UGS suppressed the typical apoptotic cell death markers, caspase-3 and PARP activation. UGS inhibited $CoCl_2$-induced HIF-1${\alpha}$ expression which is known as a major regulator for hypoxia-induced cell death, and suppressed p53 expression. Conclusions : These results suggest that UGS extract contains protective constituents for hypoxia-induced C6 glial cell death.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.920-928
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• 2019

Objectives: After epidural hemorrhage, sequelae may cause cognitive impairments, such as attention, memory, and performance disturbances. This case study reports on the use of traditional Korean medicine in a patient with cognitive impairments after a traumatic epidural hemorrhage. Methods: During the 46-day hospitalization period, traditional Korean medicine treatments, including Sunkihwalhyul-tang-gamibang, Ukgan-san-gajinpibanha Granule, Kyungohk-go, acupuncture, and cupping, were administered. The degree of cognitive impairment was measured based on the Mini Mental State Examination-Korea (MMSE-K), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and correct answer ratio. Results: After traditional Korean medicine treatment, the MMSE-K score increased from 13 to 19 and the MBI score increased from 63 to 71. The patient's conversations in daily life also proceeded more smoothly than before hospitalization, and the correct answer ratio rose. Conclusion: This case reports the improvement of cognitive impairment after traumatic epidural hemorrhage in response to traditional Korean medicine treatment; further study is needed.