• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effect of high performance greenhouse films on growth and fruit quality of tomato. For this purpose, polyolefin (PO), fluoric, antidrop, antifog and thermal films were compared to normal film, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). In spectral irradiance of the films, UV ($300{\sim}400nm$) transmittance was highest in fluoric film and lowest in PO film. PAR (photosynthetically active radiation, $400{\sim}700nm$) transmittance was higher in fluoric, thermal and PO film, and near infrared ray (NIR, $700{\sim}1,100nm$) transmittance was higher in high performance films, compared to the EVA film. Total light transmittance was higher in order of fluoric, antifog, anti drop, PO, thermal, and EVA film. Day air temperature in greenhouse was highest under fluoric film and lowest under EVA film due to the light transmittance, while night air temperature was highest under PO and anti drop film due to the thickness of film. Tomato fruits grown under the high performance films had 0.2 to $0.5^{\circ}Bx$ higher soluble solids and 15 to 30% higher lycopene content, compared to those grown under the EVA film. The results showed that tomato fruit quality such as soluble solids and lycopene content can be heightened in terms of much irradiation and better light quality of high performance films, compared to the nomal film, EVA film.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.10-15
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• 2020

Ultraviolet rays, which have wavelengths smaller than 400 nm, are very harmful to the eyes. Recently, high-energy visible light was also revealed to be harmful to retinal cells. Therefore, polymer eyeglass lenses that can block UV and high-energy visible light are needed for eye health. In this study, high-refractive-index polymer eyeglass lens, n=1.67, were manufactured using the injection-mold method with the m-xylene diisocyanate monomer, 2,3-bis((2-mercaptoethyl)thio)-1-propanethiol monomer, benzotriazole UV absorber, release of alkyl phosphoric ester, dye mixture of CI solvent violet 13, and catalyst of dibutyltin dichloride mixture. A multi-layer anti-reflection coating was applied to manufactured polymer eyeglass lenses for both sides using an E-beam evaporation system. The optical properties of the manufactured lenses with the UV and high-energy visible light-blocking function were analyzed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. As a result, the polymer eyeglass lens with a UV absorber of 0.5 wt. % blocked 99% of UV and high-energy visible light shorter than 411 nm. The average transmittance of the polymer eyeglass lens with a UV absorber of 0.5wt.% was 97.9% in the range of 460 ~ 660 nm for photopic eye sensitivity higher than 10%. Therefore, clear image acquisition in photopic vision is possible.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.56-59
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• 2001

Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si : H) of different compositions were deposited on Si(100) wafer and glass by RF plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In the present work, we have investigated the effect of the If. power on the properties, such as optical band gap, transmittance and crystallinity, of crystalline silicon thin films. Raman data show that the material consists of an amorphous and crystalline phase for the co-presence of two peaks centered at 480 and 520cm$^{-1}$. X-ray spectra confirmed of crystallites with (111) orientation at 300w The transmittance of thin films was measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. In addition, Si-H chemical bondings were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.94.2-94.2
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• 2010

Indium tin oxide (ITO) Thin films were grown on Non-alkarai glass Substrates by PVD method and Subsequently Subjected to ($100^{\circ}C-350^{\circ}C$) Thermal Annealing (TA) In Nitr Oxygen ambinent. Most of all, The effect of TA treatment on the structural properties were studied by using X-Ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy, while optical properties were studied by UV-Transmittance measurements. After TA treatment, the XRD spectra have shown an effective relaxation of the residual compressive stress, As a result, XRD peaks increase of the intensity and narrowing of full width at half-maximun (FWHM). In addtion The microstructure, The surface morphology, the optical transmittance changed and improved, and we investigated The effects of temperature, Time and atmosphere during the TA on the structural and electrical properties of the ITO/glass on TA at $300^{\circ}C$. As a results, the films are highly transparent (80%～89%) in visible region. AFM analysis shows that the films are very smooth with root mean square surface roughness 0.58nm -2.75nm thickness film. It is observed that resistivity of the films drcreases T0 $1.05{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cmt$ $6.06{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}cm$, while mobility increases from $152cm^2/vs$ to $275cm^2/vs$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.387.1-387.1
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• 2016

Transparent materials are necessary for most photoelectric devices, which allow the light generation from electric energy or vice versa. Metal oxides are usual materials for transparent conductors to have high optical transmittance with good electrical properties. Functional designs may apply in various applications, including solar cells, photodetectors, and transparent heaters. Nanoscale structures are effective to drive the incident light into light-absorbing semiconductor layer to improve solar cell performances. Recently, the new metal oxide materials have inaugurated functional device applications. Nickel oxide (NiO) is the strong p-type metal oxide and has been applied for all transparent metal oxide photodetector by combining with n-type ZnO. The abrupt p-NiO/n-ZnO heterojunction device has a high transmittance of 90% for visible light but absorbs almost entire UV wavelength light to show the record fastest photoresponse time of 24 ms. For other applications, NiO has been applied for solar cells and transparent heaters to induce the enhanced performances due to its optical and electrical benefits. We discuss the high possibility of metal oxides for current and future transparent electronic applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.167.2-167.2
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• 2016

태양에너지는 전자기파로써 파장에 따라 여러 부분으로 나뉜다. 파장이 780nm 이상인 부분의 영역을 IR (infra Red) 즉 적외선으로 불린다. 이 부분이 열선에 해당하는 부분인데 대부분의 창문에 설치된 커튼이나 vertical 등은 빛을 차단하는 수단일 뿐, 유입되는 열 (적외선)을 차단시킬 수는 없다. 열은 결국 실내의 온도를 높이기 때문에 난방비 등 에너지 손실을 막긴 어렵다. 단열필름은 커튼이나 vertical과 달리 실내로 유입되는 열 (적외선)을 다시 실외로 반사시켜 실내로 유입되는 열을 최소화 한다. 본 연구는 IR 차폐를 목적으로 연구 되었고, 거기서 한 발 나아가 실내 분위기 등을 고려하여 소비자의 구호에 맞는 제품에 더 맞추기 위해 연구되었다. 기존 제품들과 차별된 점은 색상을 위한 추가적인 작업없이 굴절률과 두께 factor 등을 변화시켜 바로 7가지 색을 구현한다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 가격 경쟁력에서도 우위를 점 할 수 있는 중요한 기술이라 할 수 있겠다. 박막제조 장비로는 DC pulse In-line Sputter를 사용하였으며, 굴절률과 광학적인 두께 측정을 위한 ellipsometer, 그리고 UV-vis 를 통한 Transmittance 측정으로 제품 능력을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.584-588
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• 2011

The ZnO thin films doped with Ga and Ge (GZO:Ge) were prepared on glass substrate using RF sputtering system. Structural, morphological and optical properties of the films deposited in different temperatures were studied. Proportion of the element of using target was 97 wt% ZnO, 2.5 wt% Ga and 0.5 wt% Ge with 99.99% highly purity. Structural properties of the samples deposited in different temperatures with 200 w RF power were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, FE-SEM images and x-ray diffraction XRD analysis. Atomic force microscopy, AFM images were able to show the grain scales and surface roughness of each film rather clearly than SEM images. it was showed that increasing temperature have better surface smoothness by FE-SEM and AFM images. Transmittance study using UV-Vis spectrometer showed that all the samples have highly transparent in visible region (300~800 nm). In addition, it can be able to calculate bandgap energy from absorbance data obtained with transmittance. The hall resistivity, mobility, and optical band gap energy are influenced by the temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.87-90
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• 2006

In case of preparation of ITO thin film for using top electrode of Top-emitting Organic Light Emitting Diodes(TOLEDs), the ITO thin film should be prepared at room temperature and low oxygen gas flow condition in order to reduced the damage of organic layer due to the bombardment of highly energetic particles such as negative oxygen ions which accrued from the plasma. In this study, the ITO thin film with high optical transmittance and low resistivity prepared as a function of oxygen gas (0 ${\~}$ 0.8 sccm) and Ar gas was fixed at 20 sccm by the Facing Targets Sputtering (FTS) method. The electrical and optical properties of ITO thin films were measured by Hall effect measurement, UV/VIS spectrometer, respectively In the results, we obtained the ITO thin film with lowest resistivity($3{\times}10^{-4} {\Omega}{\cdot} cm$) at oxygen gas flow 0.2 sccm and optical transmittance over $80\%$ at oxygen gas flow over 0.2 sccm.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2010

This paper presents the results of changes of optical properties of front materials in crystalline PV modules. If PV modules on the outdoor, transmittance of front materials is reduced by solar light. That is UV, IR included Solar spectrum will have change the properties of glass. Therefore decrease in transmittance leads to loss of the PV modules output. All the PV modules showed the loss in Isc by 1~5% within few hors. To investigate the changes we are analyzed using spectrophotometer from raw glass to laminated glass.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.241-246
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• 2013

This paper reports fabrication and characterization of cellulose Electro-Active Paper (EAPap) with increased thickness. Usual thickness of cellulose EAPap was $15{\mu}m$. This thickness needs to be increased to enhance the mechanical force output of EAPap. To fabricate thick cellulose EAPap, the fabrication process parameters including casting and drying processes should be investigated. In this paper, the casting thickness is increased from $800{\mu}m$ to $1500{\mu}m$, and heating times on a hot plate before and after curing process are introduced at 40 and $60^{\circ}C$ for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. Thickness measurement, Thermal Gravitational Analysis (TGA), UV-transmittance, Young's modulus, and piezoelectric charge constant are measured. Heated EAPaps with increased thickness have similar TGA result, higher transmittance, higher Young's modulus and lower piezoelectric charge constant.