• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.891-898
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• 2011

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of combination of disinfection process (electrolysis, UV process) on Escherichia coli (E. coli) disinfection and oxidants (OH radical, $ClO_2$, HOCl, $H_2O_2$ and $O_3$) generation. The effect of electrolyte type (NaCl, KCl and $Na_2SO_4$) on the E. coli disinfection and oxidants generation were evaluated. The experimental results showed that performance of E. coli disinfection of electrolysis and UV single process was similar. Combination of electrolysis and UV process enhanced the E. coli disinfection and 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA, indicator of the generation of OH radical) degradation. It is clearly showed synergy effect on disinfection and OH radical formation. However chlorine ($ClO_2$, HOCl) and oxygen type ($H_2O_2$, $O_3$) oxidants were decreased with the combination of two process. In electrolysis + UV complex process, electro-generated $H_2O_2$ and $O_3$ were reacted with UV light of UV-C lamp and increased 4-CBA degradation(increase OH radical). Disinfection of electrolyte of chlorine type was higher than that of the sulfate type electrolyte due to the higher generation of OH radical and oxidants.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.645-654
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• 1994

광촉매 산화반응의 기본 운영조건-재순환을 속도 275 mL/min, 산소 공급량 2LPM, $UV+TiO_2+H_2O_2$(500 mg/l)을 새로운 광촉매 산화반응에 의한 유기물질 분해 수처리 공정으로 적용하였다. 탁도와 부유물질의 농도가 증가함에 따라 탁도 10 NTU-부유물질 농도 29 mg/l까지는 페놀분해가 감소하지 않고 약간 증가하는 추세를 보였고, 탁도 50 NTU-부유물질 농도 170 mg/l까지는 어느정도 페놀분해가 감소하고 있으나 탁도와 부유물질이 없는 경우와 비슷한 정도로 페놀 분해가 이루어졌다. 페놀 분해율은 유입페놀 농도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 이용한 $UV+TiO_2+H_2O_2$ 광촉매 산화반응은 정수처리공정의 고도산화법, 생물학적 폐-하수 처리의 후처리 공정으로 이용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2009

본 연구에서는(Fe$^{3+}$+chelating agent)/H$_2$O$_2$ 공정 [Fe(III) 1mM, ocalate 6mM, H$_2$O$_2$ 3%, pH 6]과 UV/(Fe$^{3+}$+chelating agent)/H$_2$O$_2$ 공정 [UV dose 17.4kWh/L, Fe(III) 1mM, oxalate 6mM, H$_2$O$_2$ 1%, pH6]에서 BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene)를 분해하기위해 다양한 착제를 토입, 그 분해효율을 비교하였다. 착제의 종류는 catechol, NTA, gallic, acetyl acetone, succinic, acetate, EDTA, citrate, malonate, 그리고 oxalate,총 10가지 종류의 착제를 사용하였으며, 그 중,acetate를 착제로 사용한 경우, 가장 높은 분해효율을 나타내었다. 또한, UV를 조사한 경우, 모든 착제에 대한 BTEX의 분해효율이 UV를 조사하지 않은 (Fe$^{3+}$+chelating agent)/H$_2$O$_2$ 공정의 분해효율보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한BTEX와 무연 휘발유의 첨가제로 사용되고 있는 MTBE(methl tert-butylether)의 혼합복합물(각각의 농도는 200mg/L)에 대해서도 acetate를 착제로 사용한 UV/(Fe$^{3+}$+chelating agent)/H$_2$O$_2$공정에서 높은 분해효율을 보였다. 이 경우, BTEX는 반응시간 180분 만에 완전 분해되었으며, MTBE의 경우, 85%의 분해효율을 보였다. 이러한 실험 결과는 acetate를 착제로 사용한 UV/(Fe$^{3+}$+chelating agent)/H$_2$O$_2$공정은 BTEX 분해효율뿐만 아니라, BTEX와 MTBE복합오염물의 분해효율도 증가시킬수 있음을 입증하고 있다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.1039-1046
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• 2008

수중에 존재할 수 있는 항생제물질 중 cefaclor를 제거하기 위하여 UV/H$_2$O$_2$ 공정을 적용하였다. 기존 회분식반응기의 경우 시료를 채취하면 시료가 감소하여 UV램프와 제거대상물질의 유효접촉면적이 감소하는 것을 보완하기 위해 외부에 혼합조를 설치하여 실험을 실시하였다. UV반응기 내부는 완전혼합을 위해 4개의 baffle을 설치하였으며 광자의 방출을 방지하기 위해 반응조 외부를 알루미늄 호일로 감쌌다. OH radical의 생성은 pCBA(p-Chlorobenzoic acid)를 이용하여 간접적으로 측정하였으며, 의사일차반응식(pseudo-frist order reaction)을 이용하여 반응속도상수를 구하였다. 본 연구의 최적 OH radical 생성조건은 pH 3, 과산화수소 주입량은 5 mmol/L 그리고 펌프순환유량은 400 mL/min로 나타났으며, 반응속도상수는 0.1051 min$^{-1}$이었다. 최적의 OH radical 생성조건에서 cefaclor는 40 min안에 완전히 제거되었으며 반응속도상수는 0.093 min$^{-1}$이었다. 초기 cefaclor의 농도가 낮을 수록 빠르게 제거되었으며, OH radical에 의해 분해되어 중간생성물질(intermediates)인 chloride(Cl$^-$), nitrate(NO$_3{^{2-}}$), sulfite(SO$_4{^{2-}}$) 그리고 acetic acid(CH$_3$COO$^-$) 등의 음이온과 phenylglycine을 생성하였다. 반응시간 6 hr 이후 TOC의 77% 감소, phenylglycine의 소멸 그리고 acetic acid가 감소하는 것으로 보아 cefaclor는 UV/H$_2$O$_2$ 공정에 의해 빠르게 분해될 뿐만 아니라 CO$_2$와 H$_2$O의 형태로 무해화(mineralization)되는 것으로 보인다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.133-141
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• 1997

In order to treat the landfill leachate, $UV/TiO_2/H_2O_2$ system connected with biological treatment was investigated, and proper pretreatment methods were examined to reduce the load on the system considering economical and technical efficiency. It was more profitable to put $H_2O_2$ into the system in the early stage for the sample which was treated with $H_2SO_4$ to decrease alkalinity and with $FeCl_3-6H_2O$ flocculation. Because the required reaction time run up by increasing $H_2O_2$ input amount, though the COD was reduced slightly, the optimal $H_2O_2$ input amount should be determined for the desired COD and the economical efficiency. The appropriate way to get the lowest COD in the shortest time was the method to treat the sample which was controlled to pH 3.5 after adjusting to pH 12 and put 500 ppm $H_2O_2$ into the system. In that case, to increase $H_2O_2$ input amount was not profitable for the system efficiency. The sufficient photocatalytic excited time was required to reduce the photocatalytic decomposition time for the sample which was gone through the alkali state.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.319-323
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• 2007

The Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) is being increasingly used to oxidize complex organic constituents in treated effluents from domestic wastewater treatment plants. Generally, ${NO_3}^--N$ concentrations ranges between 5 and 8 mg/L for biologically well-treated effluents. However, nitrate ions, ${NO_3}^-$, affects on oxidation as not only a well-known strong absorber of UV light below 250 nm of wavelength but also as an OH radical scavenger. The objective of this study was to evaluate the AOP systems for degradation of 2,4-DCP, and to delineate the effect of nitrate ions on UV oxidation of 2,4-DCP by conducting a bench-scale operation at various reaction times and initial concentrations of $H_2O_2$. The experimental results indicated that 2,4-DCP could be completely oxidized by $UV/H_2O_2$ process with an initial $H_2O_2$ concentration of 20 mg/L at a retention time of 1.0 min or longer. Nitrate ions did not show any adverse effect on 2,4-DCP oxidation at this high $H_2O_2$ concentration, and the practical initial $H_2O_2$ concentration and reaction time for the 80% oxidation turned out to be 5 mg/L and 1.0 min, respectively.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.663-670
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• 2007

This study was performed to provide basic information for evaluating the efficiency and applicable extent of photocatalysis and ozonation for the treatment of dye wastewater. The treatability of dye wastewater by $UV/TiO_2$ and $UV/TiO_2/O_3$ advanced oxidation process (AOP) was investigated under various conditions. The experiments were conducted in a batch reactor of 50 liters equipped with twelve UV Lamps of 16W. In $UV/TiO_2$ AOP, the removal efficiency of TCODMn and Color increased to 58% and 67% respectively with increasing UV intensity. Also, The removal efficiency of TCODMn and Color increased to 97% and 99% respectively with increasing $H_2O_2$. Acid area was more efficient than neutral and alkalic areas in wastewater treatment, and pH 5 was the most effective and the treatment efficiency continually increased as the amount of photocatalyst was increased. When the photocatalyst was increased, TCODMn was removed faster than Color.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1435-1447
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of hexaconazole (HEX), a triazole fungicide, on the growth, yield, photosynthetic response and antioxidant potential in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants subjected to UV-B stress. UV-B radiation and HEX were applied separately or in combination to cucumber seedlings. The growth parameters were significantly reduced under UV-B treatment, however, this growth inhibition was less in HEX treated plants. HEX caused noticeable changes in plant morphology such as reduced shoot length and leaf area, and increased leaf thickness. HEX was quite persistent in inhibiting shoot growth by causing a reduction in shoot fresh and dry weight. HEX noticeably recovered the UV-B induced inhibition of biomass production. Significant accumutation in anthocyanin and flavonoid pigments in the leaves occurred as a result of HEX or UV-B treatments. HEX permitted the survival of more green leaf tissue preventing chlorophyll content reduction and higher quantum yield for photosystemII under UV-B exposure. HEX treatment induced a transient rise in ABA levels in the leaves, and combined application of HEX and UV-B showed a significant enhancement of ABA content which activates $H_2O_2$ generation. UV-B exposure induced accumulation of $H_2O_2$ in the leaves, while HEX prevented UV-B induced increase in $H_2O_2$, indicating that HEX serves as an antioxidant agent able to scavenge $H_2O$ to protect cells from oxidative damage. An increase in the ascorbic acid was observed in the HEX treated cucumber leaves affecting many enzyme activities by removing $H_2O_2$ during photosynthetic processes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase(CAT), ascorbate peroxidase(APX), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in the leaves in the presence of HEX under UV-B stress were higher than those under UV-B stress alone. These findings suggest that HEX may participate in the enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress. From these results it can be concluded that HEX moderately ameliolate the effect of UV-B stress in cucumber by improving the components of antioxidant defense system.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.314-321
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• 2020

This study evaluated the applicability of UV-AOP process using medium-pressure UV lamp and H₂O₂ to remove TOC and emerging micropollutants in the effluent from a sewage treatment plant. The UV lamp with higher output(1.6~8.0 kW) showed slightly higher amount of power in removing TOC of 1 mg/L(0.09 kWh/mg/L~0.11 kWh/mg/L), however it was found that there was no significant difference for each cases. In addition, under the condition that the H₂O₂ concentration is sufficient, as the power consumption of the UV lamp increases, the unit TOC removal concentration per unit H₂O₂ decomposition concentration also increases, resulting in effective removal of TOC. The removal rate of 7 new trace contaminants, such as antibiotics by the UV-AOP tested, was at least 89.4%, and the ability to remove the emerging micro pollutants in the process was very effective. But, it was judged that it could not be excluded that the probablity of transforming to oxidated by-product in the case of a low TOC removal efficiency. Depending on the operating conditions of the UV and H₂O₂ processes, a higher BOD concentration is found in the treated water than in the influent, and it is necessary to review the UV power and proper injection conditions of H₂O₂ to maintain the BOD concentration increase below a certain level.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to delineate removal efficiency of the MTBE in solution by $TiO_2$ photocatalytic degradation as a function of the following different experimental conditions: Initial concentration of MTBE, air flow rate in solution, $H_2O_2$ dosage and pH of the solution. Photodegradation rate was increased with decreasing initial concentration of MTBE. The removal efficiency was 82% after 180 min in the case of MTBE concentration of 100 mg/L but 100% after 180 min in the case of 20 mg/L. Removal efficiency was increased with increasing pH, $H_2O_2$ dosage and air flow rate in solution.