• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.327-330
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• 2002

컴퓨터를 통한 커뮤니케이션의 수단을 보다 인간 중심으로 바꾸고 있는 VoIP 관련 기술들은 최근들어 신속하게 시장의 뜨거운 흐름을 타고 있다. 초창기 인터넷 텔레포니 서비스들은 ITU-T의 H.323을 기반으로 제공 되었으나, 여러 가지 문제점들로 인하여 IETF의 SIP를 이용한 서비스 모델로 변화하고 있는 추세이다. SIP 프로토콜은 인터넷 텔레포니 서비스를 제공하기 위해, 통신하고자 하는 상대방의 위치를 찾아 단말간의 호 설정, 호 정보 수정, 호 해지 등의 기능을 제공하는 응용계층의 호 제어 프로토콜이다. SIP 프로토콜에서 개인의 이동성을 보장하기 위해서는 사용자들의 위치가 변경될 때마다 현재 위치를 Registrar에게 등록 시켜야 하며, 이러한 등록 정보들은 이후 Proxy 서버나 Redirect 서버를 위한 Location Service 제공을 위해 사용된다. Registrar에서는 사용자의 위치정보에 대한 등록, 수정, 삭제, 조회에 대한 요청 메시지 수신 시, SIP URI 비교 API가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 RFC3261 기반의 SIP Registrar의 기본 동작을 간단히 소개하며, SIP URI 비교 시 요구 되는 기능들을 분석하고, API를 설계한다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.30-47
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• 2015

Objective : Melanoma is a very critical and devastating disease. Although many people have depended on surgical operation in melanoma treatment, they have placed importance on non-invasive methods constantly. So we planned to establish a research methodology by analysing existing articles containing conservative melanoma treatments in Journals of Korean Medicine published in Korea.Methods : Using search words of anti-cancer, B16, cancer, lung metastasis, melanoma, metastasis, S-100, SK-MEL, tumor, tyrosinase, we collected 26 articles by searching internet portal sites as following;Using search words of anti-cancer, B16, cancer, lung metastasis, melanoma, metastasis, S-100, SK-MEL, tumor, tyrosinase, we collected 26 articles by searching internet portal sites as followinghttp://oasis.kiom.re.kr,http://www.koreantk.com,http://www.riss.kr,http://www.dbpia.co.kr,http://www.ndsl.kr,http://kiss.kstudy.com,http://www.naver.com,http://www.google.com.Result : The number of articles is 26 and in the year of 2003, 2004 is ranked the highest number in publication. The journal of acupuncture & moxibustion society ranked the highest(30.8%). 2 and 4 authors ranked the highest(26.9%) in number of authors. T-test ranked the highest(58.1%) in statistics methods. P.O. med indicated in 11 articles and Pharmacopuncture in 15 articles. B16 murine melanoma cell was indicated in 25 articles by cancer-induced methods. In measurement, T cell activity was indicated in 14 articles, NK activity in 4 articles, IL-2 in 6 articles, apoptosis in 1 article, lung metastasis in 14 articles.Conclusion : Considering overall results, it is necessary to diversify cancer-induced methods and measurement methods in experimental melanoma research.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.206-216
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• 2007

1. Objectives This Study recognize of the 17th Korean Assemblymen's Sasang Constitutional distribution and investigates Sasang Constitutional distribution of special group. 2. Methods The Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution was distributed to Korean Assemblymen's. The next, 2 persons of Sasang Constitutional Specialist interview directly, record of Korean Assemblymen's voice with PSSC and then concluded Sasang Constitution. 3. Results 1. After analysed Sasang Constitution with Questionnaire, We acquired zero person Taeyangin, sixteen persons Soyangin, nine persons Taeumin, zero person Soeumin. But, after direct interview examination, We acquired one person Taeyangin, seven persons Soyangin, twenty-two persons Taeumin, five persons Soeumin. 2. Soyangin rates was 20% practically, but Soyangin rates of amination with Questionnaire was 46%. Because Soyangin in Korean Assemblymen's expressed extrovert for oneself. 3. Taeumin constituted nineteen persons with Questionnaire, accounted for 54%. But Taeumin constituted twenty-two persons in direct interview examination, accounted for 63%. 4. Conclusions 1. In Uri Patty, Soyangin rates was 21%, Taeumin rates was 63%, Soeumin rates was 16%, Taeyangin rates was 0 %. The group of Taeyangin and Soyangin with activity and progression marked 21 %, the group of Taeumin and Soeumin with conservativeness marked 79%. 2. Grand National Parry, Soyangin rates was 14%, Taeumin rates was 64.3%, Soeumin rates was 14.3%, Taeyangin rates was 7.1 %. The group of Taeyangin and Soyangin with activity and progression marked 21.6%, the group of Taeumin and Soeumin with conservativeness marked 78.6%. 3. In comparison Uri Patty with Grand National Party, the rates of active Constitution marked 21.0% and 21.6% be much of a muchness. and in comparison Uri Parry with Grand National Parry, the rates of conservative Constitution marked 79.0% and 78.6% be much of a muchness.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.131-151
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• 1992

The contents of prescription service were comparatively analysed between health centers(HC) and private clinics(PC). Medical chart review was done for 330 otu-patients diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infection(UR) of 120 adults and 90 children, and gastritis or duodenitis of 120 adults. Emphasis on comparison was the prime cost of medication which used in prescription service. The results were as follows; 1. The prime costs fro the medication per visit of HC group were significantly higher than PC group in all three diseases, and the out of pocket payments of patients per visit were significantly lower in the HC group than PC group. 2. The reason for high prime costs of medication per visit of HC in adult case of URI were due to the idverse use of medication and long prescription period per visit. And high medication costs in children cases of URI in HC group were due to the longer prescription day. In cases of gastritis, the prime cost of medication was also higher because of longer prescription period and the higher prime cost of medication. The proportions of medications for injection in the HC and PC groups showed similar features. 3. In depth analysis of the prescription services showed the differences of the contents of medication. In adults cases of URI, the averaged cost of oral medication was significantly lower in HC group, but that of medication for injection was higher in HC group. In children cases of URI, the averaged cost of oral medication and medication for injection was lower in HC group than in PC group. But in the cases of gastritis it was was higher in HC group than in PC group. The prescription periods were longer in HC group than in PC group in all three diseases. As a conclusion prime medication cost and quality of prescription services of HC group were higher than PC group. In terms of health care the cost containment and quality assurance in physician visit for common disease, public sector utilization is good option for those perspectives. But it should not be generalized unless future study about structure and outcome research for quality assurance.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-96
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to describe major concepts related to W3C OWL and ISO Topic Maps and to provide the result of comparison and analysis regarding semantic expression power between two ontology languages. This paper is comprised of the following parts: 1) describing URI and namespace concepts that are fundamental building block of effective ontology construction; 2) offering detailed explanation of major Topic Map concepts such as topics, associations, and occurrences; 3) providing how to accomplish the second purpose of cataloging(grouping related items when displaying the search result) using Topic Map; and 4) finally explaining the difference between two ontology languages in terms of semantic expression power.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.762-764
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• 2003

인터넷 사용자의 급격한 증가로 인하여 인터넷을 이용한 다양한 부가 서비스들이 창출되고 있으며, VoIP 관련 기술은 최근 들어 신속하게 시장의 뜨거운 흐름을 타면서 점차 논의의 대상을 넓혀, IETF 중앙으로 옮겨지고 있다. 이 분야의 강점은 시장의 빠른 변화와 요구에 발 맞추어진 기술들이 표준화 이슈로 논의되고, 이에 맞춰 해당 기술들이 RFC가 되기도 전에 발빠르게 상품으로 등장하여 기술의 실효성을 검증하고 있으며, 이 결과가 또 표준화 주제로 논의되는 그야말로 이상적인 표준화와 시장반영의 관계를 유지하고 있다는 점이다. 이러한 특성은 IETF내에서 SIP관련 WG들의 성장을 촉진하고 있으며, 이 분야의 WG들은 IETF내에서 가장 활발한 활동과 토의를 이루는 분야중의 하나로 급속하게 IETF의 중심으로 서고 있다. 본고에서는 이러한 추세에 발맞추어 현재 IETF내에서 가장 활발한 활동을 진행하고 있는 이슈중에 하나인 SIP기반 프리젠스 및 인스턴트 메시징 서비스와 관련된 표준기술 동향에 대해 기술하고자 한다.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.213-228
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• 2015

The Horizon Run 4 is a cosmological N-body simulation designed for the study of coupled evolution between galaxies and large-scale structures of the Universe, and for the test of galaxy formation models. Using 6300³ gravitating particles in a cubic box of L_box = 3150 h⁻¹Mpc, we build a dense forest of halo merger trees to trace the halo merger history with a halo mass resolution scale down to M_s = 2.7 × 10¹¹h⁻¹M_⊙. We build a set of particle and halo data, which can serve as testbeds for comparison of cosmological models and gravitational theories with observations. We find that the FoF halo mass function shows a substantial deviation from the universal form with tangible redshift evolution of amplitude and shape. At higher redshifts, the amplitude of the mass function is lower, and the functional form is shifted toward larger values of ln(1/σ). We also find that the baryonic acoustic oscillation feature in the two-point correlation function of mock galaxies becomes broader with a peak position moving to smaller scales and the peak amplitude decreasing for increasing directional cosine μ compared to the linear predictions. From the halo merger trees built from halo data at 75 redshifts, we measure the half-mass epoch of halos and find that less massive halos tend to reach half of their current mass at higher redshifts. Simulation outputs including snapshot data, past lightcone space data, and halo merger data are available at http://sdss.kias.re.kr/astro/Horizon-Run4.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.769-772
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• 2003

기존 유선 전화방식과 비교하여 적은 비용으로 다양한 서비스 제공이 가능하다라는 경제적인 관점에서만 인터넷 전화방식을 주로 바라보았으나, 최근 들어 기존 유선 전화 서비스망에서 제공되지 못했던 사용자의 편리성을 고려한 새로운 서비스 창출이라는 관점에서 많은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 인터넷 사용자들의 급격한 증가로 인하여 인터넷을 이용한 다양한 부가 서비스들이 창출되고 있으며, 프리젠스기반 인스턴트 메시징 서비스도 그중 하나이다. 이에, 기존 인터넷 전화 서비스 제공을 위한 시스널링 프로토콜인 SIP을 이용하여 프리젠스 및 인스턴트 메시징 서비스를 제공하려는 시도가 IETF SIMPLE WG을 중심으로 일어나고 있다. 본 고에서는 SIP기반 IMPP 서비스 제공을 위한 IMPP 시스템에서 클라이언트와 서버간에 버디 목록, 인가(Authorization) 정보와 같은 데이터를 주고받기 위한 시스템 프레임워크 및 XCAP을 이용한 데이터 관리 방법을 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

Shipping activities have become possible in the Arctic Ocean due to melting ice by global warming. An increasing number of vessels are passing through the Arctic Ocean consequently bringing concerns of ship-iceberg collisions. Thus, most classification societies have implemented regulations to determine requirements for ice strengthening in ship structures. This paper presents the simulation results of an ice-strengthened polar class ship after an iceberg collision. The ice-strengthened polar class ship was created in accordance with the Unified Requirements for a Polar-Ship (IACS URI). An elastic-perfect plastic ice model was adopted for this simulation with a spherical shape. A Tsai-Wu yield surface was also used for the ice model. Collision simulations were conducted under the commercial code LS-DYNA 971. Hull deformations on the ice-strengthened foreship structure and collision interaction forces have been analysed in this paper. A normal-strength ship structure in an iceberg collision was also simulated to present comparison results. Distinct differences in structural strength against ice impact forces were shown between the ice-strengthened and normal-strength ship structures in the simulation results. About 1.8 m depth of hull deformation was found on the normal ship, whereas 1.0 m depth of hull deformation was left on the ice-strengthened polar class ship.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.1 s.37
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• pp.88-100
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• 1992

This study was conducted to assess the effects of implementation of the patient referral system started July 1st, 1989. A comparison on the pattern of outpatient services of the Departments of Internal Medicine, General Surgery, and Pediatrics at the Yeungnam University Hospital was conducted for each one year period before and after implementation of the patient referral system. The pre-implementation period was from July 1, 1988 to June 30, 1989 and the post-implementation period was from July 1, 1989 to June 30, 1990. The information used for this study was obtained from official forms, prepared by the Yeungnam University Hospital, and submitted to the Korean Medical Insurance Cooperatives. After implementation of the patient referral system, the number of outpatient cases in the Department of Internal Medicine decreased 36.1% from 9,669 cases to 6,181 cases a year. Cases in the Department of General Surgery decreased 23.7% from 1,864 cases to 1,422 cases a year. The number of cases in the Department of Pediatrics decreased 36.9% from 3,372 cases to 2,128 cases a year. After implementation of the patient referral system, the average age of cases in the Departments of Internal Medicine and General Surgery was 52.5 and 49.7 years old, respectively. This was a significant increase in comparison with the pre-implementation period. After implementation of patient referral system, the proportion of new outpatients in the Department of Internal Medicine decreased from 24.1% to 14.6%, the Department of General Surgery from 36.0% to 23.4%, and the Department of Pediatrics from 15.5% to 8.3%. The number of visits per case decreased significantly in the Department of Internal Medicine(from 1.74 to 1.61), but there was no significant change in the Departments of General Surgery and Pediatrics. The length of treatment per case increased significantly in all three departments(from 16.1 days to 19.3 days in the Department of Internal Medicine, from 12.0 days to 15.2 days in the Department General Surgery, and 8.9 days to 11.2 days in the Department of Pediatrics). The number of clinical tests per case increased significantly in the Department of Internal Medicine (from 2.2 to 2.5), in the Department of Pediatrics(from 0.8 to 1.1) and increased in the Department of General Surgery(from 6.4 to 6.6). The average medical cost per case decreased from 43,900 Won to 42,500 Won in the Department of Internal Medicine, while the cost increased from 75,900 Won to 78,500 Won in the Department of General Surgery and from 12,700 Won to 13,500 Won in the Department of Pediatrics. In case-mix, the chronic degenerative disease(i. e. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, malignant neoplasm, and pulmonary tuberculosis) ranked higher and acute infectious diseases and simple cases(i. e. gastritis and duodenitis, haemorrhoids, anal fissure, carbuncle, acute URI, and bronchitis) ranked lower after implementation of the patient referral system compared to before implementation.