• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2013

Within the United Nations framework of the Economic and Social Council, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) serves as the focal point for trade facilitation recommendations and electronic business standards, covering both commercial and government business processes that can foster growth in international trade and related services. Accordingly United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT) was established, as a subsidiary, intergovernmental body of the UNECE Committee on Trade, mandated to develop a program of work of global relevance to achieve improved worldwide coordination and cooperation in these areas. Domestic development and distribution of electronic documents to be conformed to international standards, it is enough to have the role of international activities continue to supply part of the domestic industry and the trends in participation and international standard.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.387-402
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• 2020

Conventional automotive development has mainly focused on ensuring correctness and safety and security has been relatively neglected. However, as the number of automotive hacking cases has increased due to the increased Internet connectivity of automobiles, international organizations such as the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe(UNECE) are preparing cybersecurity regulations to ensure security for automotive development. As with other IT products, automotive cybersecurity regulation also emphasize the concept of "Security by Design", which considers security from the beginning of development. In particular, since automotive development has a long lifecycle and complex supply chain, it is very difficult to change the architecture after development, and thus Security by Design is much more important than existing IT products. The problem, however, is that no specific methodology for Security by Design has been proposed on automotive development process. This paper, therefore, proposes a specific methodology for Security by Design on Automotive development. Through this methodology, automotive manufacturers can simultaneously consider aspects of functional safety, and security in automotive development process, and will also be able to respond to the upcoming certification of UNECE automotive cybersecurity regulations.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.139-155
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• 2006

The introduction of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) has strengthened and extended the value of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as a fundamental tool for sustainable development. In particular, SEA helps to overcome the limitation of project EIA as a stand alone approach that is applied relatively late in the decision making cycle. SEA is applied to proposals of policy, plan, and/or programme when major alternatives are open. In Korea, similar to SEA, the Prior Environmental Review System (PERS) was introduced to overcome the limitations of the EIA, by checking the environmental impacts on major policy and administrative actions in the early stage of decision making process. SEA appears in various national, regional and international laws. SEA is addressed specifically in the UNECE SEA protocol to the Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a transboundary context, as well as the European Commission SEA Directive (2001/42/EC). SEA is a valuable tool for integrating sustainability decisions into country's policies, plans and programmes. This paper reviews the policy direction for implementation of the SEA and efficient Environmental Assessment (EA) through integration of the PERS and the EIA.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1151-1163
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• 2022

As wireless communication functions begin to be installed in vehicles, cyberattacks that exploit vulnerabilities in wireless communication functions are increasing. To respond to this, UNECE enacted the UN R156 regulation to safely distribute the software installed in the vehicle by using the wireless communication function. The regulations specify the requirements necessary to safely distribute the software for vehicles, but only the abstract requirements are presented without information on the components and detailed functions necessary to develop and implement the requirements. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a security evaluation standard that can evaluate whether a safe SUMS is built using threat modeling, a method for systematically analyzing security threats.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.299-312
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• 2023

Recently, the electronic control unit (ECU) has been integrating several functions into one beyond simple convenience functions. Accordingly, ECUs have more functions and external interfaces than before, and various cybersecurity problems are arising. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) issued UN Regulation No.155 to establish international standards for vehicle cybersecurity management systems in light of the growing threats to vehicle cybersecurity. According to international standards, vehicle manufacturers are required to establish a Cybersecurity Management System (CSMS) and receive a Vehicle Type Approval (VTA). However, opinions were raised that the implementation period should be adjusted because domestic preparations for this are insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a web-based solution that maps a checklist to check the status of CSMS in the requirement and various vehicle security companies and solutions to mitigate the identified gap.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.36-42
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• 2018

UNECE/WP29/GRPE/EVE has recently defined that the power of a hybrid electric vehicle is the system power. Although a method for measuring the maximum power of a hybrid electric vehicle is presented by KATRI, it does not consider charging and discharging characteristics of traction batteries. This study provides a maximum power measurement method which reflects the charging and discharging characteristics of traction batteries in NOVC-HEVs (Not Off Vehicle Charging-Hybrid Electric Vehicles). Both methods are compared with regard to the output measurement results.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.11-16
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• 2011

In recent years, rapid-increasing market share of compact cars and SUVs has brought for both consumer and automaker to pay more attention on crash compatibility between the compact passenger vehicles and the light trucks (i.e., Pickups and SUVs). Vehicle compatibility regarding both self and partner protection in frontal crash of different class vehicles is one of hot issues in vehicle safety. Furthermore, it is expected that the amendment of UNECE-Regulation 94 to implement compatibility issues in couple of coming years. In this study, conceptual design of compatibility compliant frontal vehicle structure which subjects to improve? the distribution of frontal crash loading and structural engagement between vehicles is introduced. The effects of proposed vehicle structure on both possible candidates (i.e. FWRB, FWDB and PDB) for a compatibility evaluation test procedure and car-to-car crash are also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.77-78
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• 2003

2001년 5월 스톡홀름에서는 92개국이 DDT, 다이옥신 등 12개 잔류성 유기오염물질 (POPs, persistent organic pollutants)의 궁극적 소멸을 목표로, 배출 및 사용 저감을 위하여 유엔협약인 이른바 스톡홀름협약에 서명하였다. 이는 유럽에서 UNECE (United Nations Economic Commissions for Europe) 장거리 이동 대기오염 협약의 일환으로 1998년 6월 덴마크 오후스에서 체결된 POPs에 관한 의정서에 뒤이은 결과이다 1998년 6월 오후스에서는 POPs와 함께 수은, 카드뮴, 납 등 3개 중금속에 관한 의정서가 체결되어 중금속에 관한 향후 국제사회의 동향을 짐작케 하고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.09a
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• pp.273-275
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 하이브리드자동차(hybrid vehicle)의 고전원 전기장치 및 전기배선 충전부의 인체 접촉에 의한 감전사고의 예방을 위한 전기적 연속성의 측정방법에 대하여 논하였다. 인체 감전 보호를 위한 기본 대책으로 충전부의 기본절연, 충전부 접근에 대한 보호(배리어, 인클로져 등)가 있다. 하이브리드자동차의 전기적 연속성과 관련된 시험방법은 UNECE, ISO, Japan Attachment 등에서 언급하고 있다. 이들 기준에서 전기적 연속성은 $0.1{\Omega}$ 이하를 유지하도록 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하이브리드자동차의 전기적 연속성 측정 방법에 있어 외국의 기준과 규격의 내용을 검토하고 전기적 연속성 측정방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.351-356
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• 2009

In this study, we analyzed and experimented about electric continuity for human body safety from green cars. And we compared power systems of HEV and examined about human body effect of current and time. We investigated internal and external standards and regulations for human body safety from high voltage electrical equipments. Indirect contact refers to contact between the human body and exposed conductive parts. According to UNECE R100, ISO 23273-3, ISO 6469-3 and Japanese Regulation Attachment 101, electric continuity between any two exposed conductive parts shall not exceed $0.1{\Omega}$. The value of electric continuity was measured below $0.1{\Omega}$ at the actual condition of green car. We expected that the results of these experiments can utilize to data for electrical safety of green car.