• Title/Summary/Keyword: ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel)

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EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS IN ULTRA LOW SULFUR DIESEL

  • Oh, S.-K.;Baik, D.-S.;Han, Y.C.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2003
  • Automobile industry has been developed rapidly as a key manufacturing industry in Korea. Meanwhile, air pollution is getting worse noticeably than ever. In the diesel emission, PM (Particulate Matter) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) have been exhausted with a great amount and the corresponding emission regulations are getting stringent. In order to develop low emission engines, it is necessary to research on better qualified fuels. Sulfur contained in fuel is transformed to sulfur compound by DOC (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst) and then it causes to the increase of sulfate-laden PM on the surface of catalyst. In this research, ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) is used as a fuel and some experimental results are investigated. ULSD can reduce not only PM but also gas materials because cetane value, flash point, distillation 90%, pour point and viscosity are improved in the process of desulfurization. However, excessively reduced sulfur may cause to decease lubricity of fuel and engine performance in fuel injection system. Therefore, it requires only modest adjusted amount of sulfur can improve engine performance and DOC, as well as decrease of emission.

The Effect of Biodiesel and Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Fuels on Emissions in 11,000 cc Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

  • Baik, Doo-Sung;Han, Young-Chool
    • Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.870-876
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    • 2005
  • It seems very difficult to comply with upcoming stringent emission standards in vehicles. To develop low emission engines, better quality of automotive fuels must be achieved. Since sulfur contents in diesel fuels are transformed to sulfate-laden particulate matters as a catalyst is applied, it is necessary to provide low sulfur fuels before any Pt-based oxidation catalysts are applied. In general, flash point, distillation $90\%$ and cetane index are improved but viscosity can be worse in the process of desulfurization of diesel fuel. Excessive reduction of sulfur may cause to degrade viscosity of fuels and engine performance in fuel injection systems. This research focused on the performance of an 11,000 cc diesel engine and emission characteristics by the introduction of ULSD, bio-diesel and a diesel oxidation catalyst, where the bio-diesel was used to improve viscosity of fuels in fuel injection systems as fuel additives or alternative fuels.

Effects of Soybean Biodiesel Fuel on Exhaust Emissions in Compression Ignition Combustion (대두유 바이오 디젤연료가 압축 착화 연소에서 배기가스에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Man-Bae
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.34 no.10
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    • pp.941-946
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    • 2010
  • This study aims to investigate the effects of soybean biodiesel fuel on exhaust emissions with regards to two combustion modes: conventional combustion(existence of PM-NOx trade-off behavior) and low temperature combustion(LTC) in a 1.7 L common rail direct injection diesel engine. As compared to conventional combustion, LTC was achieved by adopting a heavier exhaust gas recirculation and strategic injection parameter optimization. Two sets of fuels, i.e. ultra low sulfur diesel(ULSD) and 20% volumetric blends of soybean biodiesel with ULSD(B20) were used. Regardless of the fuel type, in LTC the simultaneous reduction of PM and NOx was observed and both levels were significantly lower than in case of conventional combustion. Under the given engine operating condition in the case of conventional combustion, B20 produced less PM and more NOx than ULSD. In the case of LTC combustion, B20 produced more PM and NOx than ULSD.

COMBINED EFFECTS OF BD20, LOW SULFUR DIESEL FUEL AND DIESEL OXIDATION CATALYST IN A HD DIESEL ENGINE

  • Baik, D.S.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.653-658
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    • 2006
  • The enormous increase in the use of fossil energy sources throughout the world has caused severe air pollution and a depletion of energy. Besides, it seems very difficult to comply with the upcoming stringent emission standards in vehicles. In order to develop low emission engines, research on better qualified fuels as alternative fuels to secure high engine performance becomes a more important issue than ever. Since sulfur contained in diesel fuel is transformed in sulfate-laden particulate matters when a catalyst is applied, it is necessary to provide low sulfur fuels before any Pt-based oxidation catalysts are applied. But the excessive reduction of sulfur levels may cause the lubricity of fuel and engine performance to degrade. In this aspect, biodiesel fuel derived from rice bran is applied to compensate viscosity lost in the desulfurization treatment. This research is focused on the performance of an 11,000cc diesel engine and the emission characteristics by the introduction of ULSD(Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel), BD20(Diesel 80%+Biodiesel 20%) and a diesel oxidation catalyst, where BD20 is used to improve the lubricity of fuel in fuel injection systems as fuel additives or alternative fuels.

Emission Characteristics in The Application of ULSD, Biodiesel and DOC in Heavy Duty Diesel Engine (대형 디젤기관에서 초저유황경유, 바이오디젤 및 디젤산화촉매 적용시의 배기가스 특성)

  • Baik, Doo-Sung;Park, Man-Jae
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.52-58
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    • 2004
  • To develop a low emission engine, it is necessary to obtain some better quality of automotive fuels. Sulfur in fuel is transformed to sulfate-laden PM as DOC is applied. Therefore, it necessary to provide low sulfur fuels before DOC is applied. According to the specification of test fuels, flash point, distillation 90%, cetane index are improved but viscosity is decreased in the process of desulfurization. Excessively reduced sulfur may cause to decrease lubricity of fuel and engine performance in fuel injection system. Therefore, this research was emphasized how the application of Bio-diesel affects on the emission characteristics and engine performance under the circumstance of ULSD and DOC.

The Effect of Simultaneous Application with Biodiesel and ULSD on Exhaust Emissions and DOC (배출가스 및 DOC에 대한 바이오디젤과 ULSD의 동시 적용효과)

  • 박만재;백두성
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.62-68
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    • 2004
  • To comply with stringent exhaust emission standards, it is necessary to reserch on some better quality of automotive fuels. Sulfur in fuels is sulfur compound by DOC and then it caused to the increase of PM on the surface of the catalyst. This research is focused on diesel emission characteristics and poisoning effect on Diesel Oxidation Catalyst when Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel(ULSD) and biodiesel are applied simultaneously. The biodiesel is used to improve viscosity of fuel specially in fuel injection system of engine since the introduction of ULSD may degrade viscosity in the process of desulfurization. Furthermore, this study may provide some basic data for the design of emissions reduction technology.

Review of Desulfurization Technology for Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Production (초저황 디젤 생산을 위한 탈황 기술 동향)

  • Park, Jo-Yong;Kim, Jae-Kon;Yim, Eui-Soon;Jung, Choong-Sub
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.431-443
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    • 2013
  • Sulfur content of diesel fuel has been cut down to under 10 ppm ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) level by environmental regulation with the aim of reducing exhaust emissions. This review discusses the methods and principles of sulfur reduction in diesel and presents an overview of new approaches for ultra-deep desulfurization. The deep HDS (hydrodesulfurization) problems of diesel streams is exacerbated by the inhibiting effect of co-existing aromatics, nitrogen compounds and $H_2S$. The new approaches to deep desulfurization includes non-HDS type processing schemes such as adsorptive, extractive and oxidative desulfurization.

Adsorptive Desulfurization of Diesel for Fuel Cell Applications: A Screening Test

  • Ho, Hoang Phuoc;Kim, Woo Hyeong;Lee, So-Yun;Son, Hong-Rok;Kim, Nak Hyeon;Kim, Jae-Kon;Park, Jo-Yong;Woo, Hee Chul
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.88-94
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    • 2014
  • During the past decades much attention has been paid to the desulfurization of diesel oil which is important as a source for the fuel cells to prevent the sulfur poisoning of both diesel steam reforming catalyst and electrode of fuel cell. Although alternative desulfurization techniques have been investigated, desulfurization for ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is still challenged. Therefore, this research focuses on the desulfurization of commercial ULSD for the application to molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC). Herein, the performances of several kinds of commercial adsorbents based on activated carbons, zeolites, and metal oxides for desulfurization of ULSD were screened. The results showed that metal oxides based materials can feasibly reduce sulfur concentration in ULSD to a level of 0.1 ppmw while activated carbons and zeolites did not reach this level at current conditions.

A Study on Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions From Diesel Engines Utilizing DME Fuel (DME를 이용한 경유자동차의 유해대기오염물질 발생 특성 연구)

  • Lim, Yun-Sung;Seo, Choong-Youl;Kwack, Soon-Chul;Lee, Jong-Tae;Park, Jung-Min;Kang, Dae-Il;Kim, Jong-Choon;Lee, Young-Jae;Pyo, Young-Duk;Lim, Yui-Soon;Dong, Jong-In
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 2006
  • Recently, lots of researchers have been attracted to develop various alternative fuels and to use renewable fuels in order to solve the exhaust emission problems. DME (Dimethylether) is synthetic fuel, and can be produced from natural gas, coal and biomass. The emission is clean because it contains little sulfur and aromatic components In this study, the fuel was tested to investigate the applicability as an alternative fuel for diesel. This study was carried out by comparing the exhaust emissions and performance of diesel engine with DME, ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel), LSD (low sulfur diesel) respectively. In order to measure regulated emissions, CO, $NO_{3}$, HC from vehicle different fuel types were used on chassis dynamometer CVS (constant volume sampler)-75 mode and EPA TO-I1A method was chosen for aldehydes analysis.

Characteristics of Nano-particles Exhausted from Heavy-duty Diesel Vehicles with Low Emission Technology (대형경유차 저공해기술 적용에 따른 나노입자 배출특성)

  • Lim Cheol-Soo;Yoo Jung-Ho;Eom Myoung-Do;Hwang Jin-Woo;Kim Ye-Eun
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.225-236
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    • 2004
  • Diesel engines which emit a lot of PM and NOx have been known as a main air polluter. Especially, diesel particulate matters (OPM) including black smoke are hazardous air pollutants to human health and environment. The nations retaining advanced engine technologies have reinforced emission regulations. To meet these regulations diesel engine manufacturers have developed low-emission diesel engines, aftertreatment equipments, alternative fuel technologies and so on. In this study, particle number concentrations characteristics according to particle size and engine driving conditions were analyzed when these low-emission technologies were applied. There was a tendency of increasing particle number concentrations from heavy-duty diesel engines with increasing engine rpm and load rate. In the cases of COPF (Catalytic Diesel Particulate Filter), CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) engine and ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel) more than 99% of particle number concentration were removed.