• Molecules and Cells
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2018

Mutations in spliceosome components have been implicated in carcinogenesis of various types of cancer. One of the most frequently found is U2AF1 S34F missense mutation. Functional analyses of this mutation have been largely limited to hematological malignancies although the mutation is also frequently seen in other cancer types including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We examined the impact of knockdown (KD) of wild type (wt) U2AF1 and ectopic expression of two splice variant S34F mutant proteins in terms of alternative splicing (AS) pattern and cell cycle progression in A549 lung cancer cells. We demonstrate that induction of distinct AS events and disruption of mitosis at distinct sub-stages result from KD and ectopic expression of the mutant proteins. Importantly, when compared with the splicing pattern seen in LUAD patients with U2AF1 S34F mutation, ectopic expression of S34F mutants but not KD was shown to result in common AS events in several genes involved in cell cycle progression. Our study thus points to an active role of U2AF1 S34F mutant protein in inducing cell cycle dysregulation and mitotic stress. In addition, alternatively spliced genes which we describe here may represent novel potential markers of lung cancer development.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.679-682
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• 2002

The alkaloids, piperlongumine, piperine, pipernonaline, and piperoctadecalidine, isolated from Piper longum L., were found to inhibit the biosynthesis of aflatoxin $B_1$ (AF$B_1$) in Aspergillus flavus WRRC 3-90-42-12. Piperlongumine was the most active among the compounds tested, with a 96% inhibition of AF$B_1$biosynthesis at 0.2% (w/v) supplement in a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. The three other piperidine alkaloids, pipeline, pipernonaline, and piperoctadecalidine, also inhibited the biosynthesis of AF$B_1$. Of these three alkaloids, piperoctadecalidine exhibited a potent inhibitory activity with a 100% inhibition of AF$B_1$ production at 0.7% (w/v) supplement in a PDA medium. Therefore, piperlongumine and piperoctadecalidine could be used as antiaflatoxigenic agents in agricultural industries. To determine the antiaflatoxigenic mode of action of piperlongumine, further studies are needed.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.238-242
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• 1975

Aspergillus usamii shirousamii $U_2$ 균(菌)의 극식배양에 의한 유기산 및 당화효소생성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 공시항균제(供試抗菌劑)중 일정한 농도(濃度)의 nitrofurazone과 $AF_2$의 첨가(添加)에 의하여 유기산과 당화효소(糖化酵素)의 생성이 촉진되었다. 2) 유기산의 생성은 밀가루에 $AF_2$ 10ppm 용액을 50% 첨수(添水)한 배지에서 가장 좋았다. 3) 당화효소(糖化酵素)의 생성은 밀기울에 nitrofurazone $100{\sim}500ppm$ 용액을 100% 첨수(添水)한 배지에서 가장 양호하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.277-284
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• 1996

마(산마, 재배마)의 생리활성 물질의 기능성을 밝힐 목적으로 마의 갈변물질, 점질물 및 식이섬유를 분리 정제하여 항변이원성을 검색하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 마의 갈변효소를 cathol, hydroquinion, resorcinol, pyrogallol 등에 반응시켜 얻은 갈변물질의 항변이원성은 sodium azide에 대하여 기질에 따른 차이가 없었으나, 2-aminofloureno에 대해서는 모든 기질에서 유의적으로 높았다. (P＜0.01) 2. 마의 점질물과 식이섬유($\alpha$-cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin) 의 sodium azide와 2-ami-noflourene에 대한 항변이원성은 $\alpha$-cellulose와 hemicellulose에서 유의적으로 높았으며(p＜0.01), $\alpha$-cellulose와 흡착 반응시킨 2-amino-flourene에 대한 항변이원성은 5시간 반응시 가장 높았고 반응시간이 경과함에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 1998

산마의 총 식이섬유가 2-AF와 MNNG에 대해서는 각각12.4%와 18.7%의 억제효과를 나타냈으며, 재배마는 33.2%와 49.1%의 억제효과를 보여 재배마의 $\alpha$-cellulose는 각각 0.5%, 1.0%농도에서 70.0%와 76.9%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타냈으며 MNNG에 대해서는 모든 농도에서 90% 이상의 억제효과를 나타냈다. Pectin의 2-AF에 대한 억제효과는 산마의 경우 0.1% 농도일 때 42.5%로 가장 높았고, 재배마는 억제효과를 나타내지 않았다. MNNG에 대해서는 산마 1.0%와 재배마 0.7% 농도일 때 각각 51.8% 와 31.0%로 가장 높은 억제효과를 나타냈다. 반응 시간에 따른 억제 효과는 2-AF에 대해 산마, 재배마 및 표품의 $\alpha$-cellulose (0.5%)는 3시간일 때, MNNG에 대해서는 6시간일 때 최고의 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 산마, 재배마 및 표품의 pectin(1.0%)의 2-AF에 대해 반응 시간이 경과함에 따라 억제 효과가 점진적으로 감소하였으며 MNNG에 대해 1시간 30분일 때 높은 억제 효과를 나타냈다. 산마와 재배마에서 추출한 $\alpha$-cellulose와 pectin은 2-AF에 의해 유발되는 돌연변이원성에 비해 MNNG에 의해 유발되는 돌연변이원성을 더 효과적으로 억제하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.972-978
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• 2005

제주말의 혈통보존을 위한 기초자료를 마련할 목적으로 국내에서 사육중인 제주말 102두를 대상으로 적혈구항원형 및 혈액단백질형의 유전적 다형성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 적혈구항원형의 표현형 빈도는 $A^{af}$28두($27.45\%),\;C^{a}$ 101두 ($99.02\%),\;K^{-}$ 99두 ($97.06\%),\;U^{a}$ 64두 ($62.75\%),\;P^{b}$ 37두 ($36.27\%),\;Q^{c}$ 48두 ($47.06\%$)에서 높은 빈도를 나타냈으며, D시스템의 31개의 대립유전자 중 $D^{cgm/dghm}$ 14두($13.73\%),\;D^{adn/cgm}$ 10두($9.80\%),\;D^{ad/cgm}$ 9두($8.82\%),\;D^{dghm/dghm}$ 8두($7.84\%),\;D^{cgm/cgm}$ 8두($7.84\%$)에서 높은 빈도의 유전자형이 관찰되었다. 또한 null allele로 추정되는 $D^{ad/c(e)fgm}\;D^{adn/c(e)fgm}\;D^{c(d)fgm/dghm}$대립유전자가 4두에서 관찰되었다. 혈액단백질형은 $AL^{B}$ 49두($48.04\%),\;GC^{F}$ 101두($99.02\%),\;AlB^{K}$ 99두($97.06\%),\;ES^{FI}$ 37두($36.27\%),\;TF^{F2}$ 26두($25.49\%),\;HB^{B1}$ 46두($45.10\%$), and $PGD^{F}$ 88두($86.27\%$)로 높은 빈도를 보였으며, $HB^{A2B1}$ 4두($3.92\%),\;HB^{AB1}$ 2두($1.96\%),\;HB^{AB2}$ 1두($0.98\%),\;PGD^{D}$ 1두($0.98\%$가 특이하게 관찰되었다. 유전자 빈도는 $A^{af}$ (0.3726), $A^{C}$ (0.2647), $C^{-}$ (0.5050), $K^{-}$ (0.9853), $U^{-}$ (0.6863), $P^{b}$ (0.4657), $Q^{c}$ (0.5294), $D^{cgm}$ (0.3039), $HB^{B1}$(0.6863), $PGD^{F}$ (0.9265), $AL^{B}$ (0.6912), $ALB^{K}$ (0.9852), $GC^{F}$ (0.9950), $ES^{I}$ (0.5000) and $TF^{F2}$ (0.4950) 대립유전자가 가장 높은 빈도를 나타내었고 $D^{cgm(f)}$ (0.0196), $HB^{A}$ (0.0147), $HB^{A2}$ (0.0196), $ES^{G}$ (0.0441), $ES^{H}$ (0.0098), $TF^{E}$TF'(0.0246), $TF^{H2}$ (0.0049) and $PGD^{D}$ (0.0098)의 대립유전자가 제주말 에서 특이하게 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 혈액형에 의한 제주말의 유전적 다형은 $A^{af},\;A^{c},\;C^{-},\;K^{-},\;U^{-},\;P^{b},\;Q^{c},\;D^{cgm},\;D^{dghm},\;D^{adn},\;HB^{B1}$, $PGD^{F},\;AL^{B},\;A1B^{K},\;GC^{F},\;ES^{I},\;TF^{F2},\;AL^{B}$, 대립유전자의 빈도가 비교적 높은 것으로 관찰되었고 $A^{ab},\;A^{abf},\;D^{cgm(f)},\;(D^{cfg(k)m}$ 혹은$D^{c(e)fgm}),\;HB^{A},\;HB^{A2},\;ES^{H},\;TF^{E},\;TF^{H2},\;PGD^{D},\;AL^{B}$의 대립유전자가 제주말에서 특이하게 관찰되었다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2006

1. Objectives This research uses the DNA chip, which includes 16,383 gene code, and various statistic prediction way that shows objectification index for the objectification of constitution diagnosis. 2. Methods Drawing blood whose constitution is confirmed, and analyze its gene information by using 1.7k DNA chip to find the gene correlation through multivariate statistical method. 3. Results and Conclusions Distinctive genes such as AK001919, U09384, NM_001805, X99962, NM_004796, AK026738, AL050148, BC002538, AK027074, AK026219, AF087962, AL390142, NM_015372, AL157466, NM_002446, AK024523, NM_014706, NM_014746 and AL137544 were related to Taeumin; AL157448, NM_005957, NM_005656, NM_017548, AK027246, NM_003025, NM_012302 and NM_005905 were represented in Soeumin, while AK026503, AF147325, NM_002076, AF147307, AK001375, NM_003740, NM_005114, AB007890, NM_005505, NM_015900, NM_014936, Z70694, AB023154, U52076, NM_004360, NM_005835, NM_017528, AF087987, NM_014897, AK021720, NM_006420, AJ277915, AK002118 and AK021918 were for Soyangin. This study figured out the possibility to develop the prediction system by sorting each constitution's gene, and research each constitution's distinctive character of manifestation pattern.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.4231-4245
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• 2020

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is widely studied in both academia and industry due to its high spectral efficiency over orthogonal multiple access (OMA). To effectively improve spectrum efficiency, an amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative NOMA system is proposed as well as a novel detection scheme is proposed, in which we first perform successive interference cancellation (SIC) twice at U1 for the two signals received from two time slots to remove interference from symbol 2, then two new signals apply max ratio combining (MRC). In addition, a closed-form upper bound approximation for the ergodic capacity of our proposed system is derived. Monte-Carlo simulations and numerical analysis illustrate that our proposed system has better ergodic capacity performance than the conventional cooperative NOMA system with decode-forward (DF) relay, the conventional cooperative NOMA system with AF relay and the proposed AF cooperative NOMA system in [16]. In addition, we can see that ergodic capacity of all NOMA cooperative systems increase with the increase of transmit SNR. Finally, simulations display that power allocation coefficients have little effect on ergodic capacity of all NOMA cooperative systems. This is due to this fact that ergodic capacity of two symbols can be complementary with changing of power allocation coefficients.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2003

Ninety rats were fed either a control diet or one of several allium vegetable diets (allium sativum (AS), allium cepa (AC), allium fistulosum (AF) or aliium tuberosum (AT) for 4 weeks and were separated into 3 groups : non-exercise (NE), exercise (EX), and exercise and recuperation (ER), The EX group was exercised on a treadmill for 1 hour just before sacrifice at the end of 4th week of diet intake and the ER group was recuperated for 2 hours after exercise. The levels of glucose (GLU), (PRO), triglyceride (TG), free fatty arid (FFA) and hemoglobin (Hb) were compared in plasma. In the U group, GLU levels of AS and AC tended to be higher than those of the control group. There were no differences in GLU levels between the control group and the allium vegetable groups in EX, whereas GLU levels of AS, AF and AT tended to be lower than that of control group in ER. There were no differences in PRO among the groups NE, EX and ER. TG and EEh levels of AS, AC, AF and AT tended to be lower than those of the control group in NE, EX and ER. Hb levels of AS, AC, AF and AT were lower than that of the control group in U and ER and tended to be lower than that of EX. These results suggest that allium vegetable diets have the potential to enhance the capacity to oxidize fatty acid and to recover triglyceride after recuperation, although there is compensation among stored fuel utilization during exercise

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.167-170
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• 2002

The long terminal repeats (LTRs) of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) have been found to be coexpressed with sequences of closely located genes. It has been suggested that the LTR elements have contributed to the structural change or genetic variation of human genome connected to various diseases and evolution. We examined the HERV-W LTR elements in various cancer cells (2F7, A43l , A549, HepG2, MIA-PaCa-2, PC-3, RT4, SiHa, U-937, and UO-31). Using genomic DNA from the cancer cells, we performed PCR amplification and identified twelve new HERV-W LTR elements. Those LTR elements showed a high degree of sequence similarity (88-99％) with HERV-W LTR (AF072500). A phylogenetic tree obtained by the neighbor-joining method revealed that HERV-W LTR elements could be mainly divided into two groups through evolutionary divergence. Three HERV-W LTR elements (RT4-2, A43l-1, and UO3l-2) belonged to Group 1, whereas nine LTR elements (2F7-2, A549-1, A549-3, HepG2-3, MP2-2, PC3-1, SiHa-8, SiHa-10, and U937-1) belonged to Group 11. Taken together, our new sequence data of the HERV-W LTR elements may contribute to an understanding of tissue-specific cancer by genomic instability of LTR integration.